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MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana)
Published by Universitas Surabaya
ISSN : 25276208     EISSN : 25279017     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Chemistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology
Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana (MPI) is a journal focusing on pharmaceutical aspects. MPI is dedicated to update and support the development of information and knowledge on pharmaceutical fields. This journal is published twice a year (June and December).
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Articles 179 Documents
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Antioxidant Polyphenolics Extraction Techniques from Beluntas Leaves using Choline Chloride-Urea: Comparative Study with 70%-Ethanol Hikmawanti, Ni Putu Ermi; Yumita, Agustin; Amalia, Halisa; Cahyani, Siti Rosidah; Putri, Meira Amalia; Mun'im, Abdul
MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24123/mpi.v7i2.7627

Abstract

Pluchea indica L. (Less), known as Indian camphorweed (common name) or Beluntas (Indonesia), is an antioxidant polyphenol-rich plant. In our previous studies, choline chloride-urea (CCU) at a molar ratio of 1:2 was one type of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) in the extraction of P. indica leaves (PIL) polyphenolics. The present study aims to evaluate the comparison of total phenolics (TPC) and flavonoids content (TFC) and antioxidant activity of CCU (1:2) extract of PIL obtained from ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) and magnetic stirrer-assisted extraction (MSAE). Ethanol was used as a comparison to conventional extraction solvents. Determination of TPC and TFC was carried out using colorimetric with a microplate reader, while the antioxidant activity test was carried out using the ferric thiocyanate (FTC) method. The UAE is more effective in terms of PIL flavonoid extraction using CCU compared to MSAE, while PIL phenolic extraction with CCU is more effective with MSAE. CCU extract of PIL from extraction with MSAE at a concentration of 1.56% has an antioxidant capacity equivalent to 500 ppm ascorbic acid in inhibiting lipid peroxidation by about 70%. Thus, CCU combined with the MSAE can be recommended in further development of phenolic antioxidants extraction from PIL.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etil Asetat Daun Tigaron (Crateva religiosa G.Forst) terhadap Bakteri Shigella dysentriae dan Salmonella typhi Laili, Nur; Norazizah, Ufairah; Fitriyanti; Sari, Putri Kartika
MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24123/mpi.v7i2.7723

Abstract

Tigaron (Crateva religiosa G.Forst) merupakan tumbuhan yang banyak tersebar di pulau Kalimantan. Secara tradisional tumbuhan ini dimanfaatkan masyarakat untuk membantu mengobati diare yang disebabkan oleh bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui golongan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terkandung serta mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etil asetat daun tigaron (C. religiosa G.Forst) terhadap bakteri Shigella dysenteriae dan Salmonella typhi. Metode yang digunakan ialah difusi sumuran dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak 0,31 mg/mL; 1,55 mg/mL; 7,75mg/mL; 38,75 mg/mL dan 193,75 mg/mL. Ciprofloxacin 5 μg/disk digunakan sebagai kontrol positif dan Na-CMC 0,5% sebagai kontrol negatif. Hasil penelitian pada konsentrasi tertinggi 193,75 mg/mL terhadap bakteri Shigella dysenteriae menunjukkan rata-rata diameter zona hambat sebesar 17,98 mm dan pada bakteri Salmonella typhi sebesar 14,38 mm. Seluruh data diuji dengan Mann Whitney, didapatkan semua konsentrasi ekstrak etil asetat berbeda signifikan terhadap kontrol positif (p<0,05). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etil asetat daun tigaron (Crateva religiosa G.Forst) memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Shigella dysenteriae dan Salmonella typhi namun nilainya berbeda signifikan dengan kontrol positif. Tigaron (Crateva religiosa G. Forst) is a plant widely distributed across the island of Kalimantan. Traditionally, this plant has been utilized by local communities to help treat diarrhea, which can be caused by bacterial infections. This study aims to identify the classes of secondary metabolite compounds contained in the plant and to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the ethyl acetate extract of tigaron (Crateva religiosa G. Forst) leaves against Shigella dysenteriae and Salmonella typhi. The method used was the well diffusion assay with extract concentrations of 0.31 mg/mL, 1.55 mg/mL, 7.75 mg/mL, 38.75 mg/mL, and 193.75 mg/mL. Ciprofloxacin 5 μg/disk was used as the positive control and 0.5% Na-CMC as the negative control. The results showed that at the highest concentration of 193.75 mg/mL, the ethyl acetate extract produced an average inhibition zone diameter of 17.98 mm against Shigella dysenteriae and 14.38 mm against Salmonella typhi. All data were tested using Mann-Whitney, and all concentrations of ethyl acetate extract were significantly different from the positive control (p≥0.05). This indicates that the ethyl acetate extract of tigaron leaves (Crateva religiosa G.Forst) has antibacterial activity against Shigella dysenteriae and Salmonella typhi, but the value is significantly different from the positive control.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi HPMC terhadap Karakterisasi Sediaan Nanoemulgel Ekstrak Daun Jambu Biji Merah (Psidium guajava L.) Ambarwati, Nadya; Nidom, Reviany Vibrianita; Riziq, Khodijah
MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24123/mpi.v7i2.7783

Abstract

Daun jambu biji merah merupakan tanaman yang mengandung metabolit sekunder kuersetin, dengan aktivitas antioksidan yang dimanfaatkan menjadi sediaan untuk mengatasi permasalahan kulit akibat radikal bebas. Nanoemulgel merupakan sistem penghantaran topikal yang mengintegrasikan sistem nanoemulsi dalam matriks hydrogel untuk menunjukkan penetrasi kulit yang lebih baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan rasio konsentrasi gelling agent hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) terhadap karakteristik sediaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen laboratoris dengan perbedaan konsentrasi HPMC (2%), (4%) dan (6%). Parameter penelitian ini meliputi uji organoleptis, viskositas, daya sebar, pH dan ukuran partikel sediaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua sediaan dengan formula yang berbeda memiliki konsistensi nanoemulgel, warna cokelat, bau khas jambu biji merah, dan konsistensi yang homogen. Viskositas sediaan memiliki rentang 9.863 – 9.900 cPs dengan p-value 0,000 (p < 0,05). Daya sebar sediaan berkisar 5 – 7,2 cm dengan p-value 0,000 (p < 0,05). pH sediaan berkisar 6,39 – 6,43 dengan p-value 0,108 (p > 0,05). Uji ukuran partikel menghasilkan nilai p-value 0,248 (p > 0,05). Perbedaan rasio konsentrasi gelling agent HPMC berpengaruh signifikan pada viskositas dan daya sebar, tetapi tidak pada pH dan ukuran partikel. Formula sediaan nanoemulgel yang paling baik berdasarkan hasil karakterisasi yaitu Formula 2 dengan konsentrasi HPMC 4% sebagai gelling agent. Red guava leaves contain quercetin, a secondary metabolite with antioxidant activity, and are used in topical formulations to treat skin problems caused by free radicals. Nanoemulgel is a topical delivery system that integrates nanoemulsion within a hydrogel matrix to enhance skin penetration. This study aimed to investigate the effect of varying HPMC concentrations as a gelling agent on the formulation characteristics. The research method used was a laboratory experiment with three different HPMC concentrations: 2%, 4%, and 6%. The evaluated parameters included organoleptic properties, viscosity, spreadability, pH, and particle size. Results showed that all formulations had a consistent nanoemulgel texture, brown color, red guava scent characteristic, and homogeneous appearance. Viscosity ranged from 9,863 to 9,900 cPs (p < 0.05). Spreadability ranged from 5 to 7.2 cm (p < 0.05). pH ranged from 6.39 to 6.43 (p > 0.05). Particle size analysis resulted in a p-value of 0.248 (p > 0.05). In conclusion, HPMC concentration significantly affected viscosity and spreadability but not for pH and particle size. The best formula was Formula 2, which used 4% HPMC as the gelling agent.
Pengaruh Poloxamer 188 dan Propilen Glikol terhadap Karakteristik Fisik, Stabilitas, dan Inhibisi Tyrosinase pada NLC Bakuchiol Hanistya, Ria; Sari, Annisa Kartika; Solikah, Umrotus
MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24123/mpi.v7i2.7840

Abstract

Penuaan kulit merupakan proses degeneratif yang terjadi akibat faktor intrinsik dan faktor ekstrinsik, yang ditandai dengan munculnya garis halus pada kulit wajah, hiperpigmentasi, kering, keriput dan kerutan. Bakuchiol (Psoralea corylifolia) merupakan senyawa meroterpenoid yang memiliki aktivitas antipenuaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi poloxamer 188 dan propilen glikol terhadap karakteristik fisik, stabilitas dan efektivitas inhibisi enzim tyrosinase. Variasi konsentrasi poloxamer 188 dan propilen Glikol yang digunakan yaitu 8:8 (F1), 6:10 (F2) dan 10:6 (F3). Formulasi NLC dibuat dengan metode high shear homogenation dan ultrasonikasi yang kemudian diinkorporasi ke dalam emulgel. Sediaan dievaluasi karakteristik fisiknya meliputi ukuran partikel, indeks polidispersitas, zeta potensial, organoleptik, homogenitas, tipe emulsi, pH, viskositas, daya sebar, daya lekat, stabilitas dipercepat, dan efektivitas dengan metode inhibisi enzim tyrosinase. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan NLC bakuchiol memenuhi karakteristik fisik dan stabilitas. Formula 1 (F1) menunjukkan karakteristik paling optimal dengan ukuran partikel rendah, PDI rendah, stabilitas terbaik, dan terbukti memiliki aktivitas inhibisi enzim tyrosinase yang tinggi. Berdasarkan keseluru- han parameter tersebut, formula 1 (F1) dinyatakan sebagai formula terbaik untuk pengembangan emulgel NLC bakuchiol. Skin aging is a degenerative process caused by intrinsic and extrinsic factors characterized by the appearance of fine lines, hyperpigmentation, dryness, wrinkles, and creases. Bakuchiol (Psoralea corylifolia) is a meroterpenoid compound with antiaging activity. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of varying concentrations of poloxamer 188 and propylene glycol on the physical characteristics, stability, and tyrosinase enzyme inhibition activity. The concentrations used were 8:8 (F1), 6:10 (F2), and 10:6 (F3). NLC formulations were prepared using the high shear homogenization and ultrasonication method, then incorporated into an emulgel base. The formulations were evaluated for particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, organoleptic properties, homogeneity, emulsion type, pH, viscosity, spreadability, adhesiveness, accelerated stability, and effectiveness through a tyrosinase inhibition assay. The evaluation demonstrated that the bakuchiol NLC met the physical characteristics and stability criteria requirements. Among the formulations tested, formula 1 exhibited the most optimal performance, evidenced by its smaller particle size, lower polydispersity index, superior physicochemical stability, and markedly higher tyrosinase inhibition activity. Based on these comprehensive parameters, formula 1 is identified as the most superior formulation for the development of bakuchiol NLC emulgel.
Anti-Acne Activity of Robusta Green Coffee Bean Extract against Cutibacterium acnes Putri, Cinthiya Ekwinta; Puspitasari, Ismi; Novita, Mega; Marlina, Dian
MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24123/mpi.v7i2.7857

Abstract

Acne vulgaris, a common chronic skin disorder, is primarily caused by the overgrowth of Cutibacterium acnes and often treated with synthetic agents that may cause side effects and resistance. The increasing demand for therapeutics with improved safety profiles and natural alternatives has encouraged the exploration of herbal remedies, including robusta green coffee beans (Coffea canephora). This study aimed to evaluate the anti-acne activity of robusta coffee bean ethanol extract against C. acnes. The extract was prepared through maceration and subsequently evaluated using to phytochemical screening, thin layer chromatography, and in vivo testing on New Zealand rabbits. Results confirmed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, steroids, and triterpenoids. In vivo assays demonstrated that the 75% extract concentration achieved a 96.69% reduction of acne lesions, comparable to the positive control at 99.35%, while lower concentrations showed moderate activity. These findings highlight the potential of robusta coffee bean extract as a promising natural anti-acne agent. The study implies that robusta extract can be further developed into herbal-based dermatological formulations, although future research should focus on isolating active compounds and conducting clinical trials for broader application.
The Effects of Varying Saffron Extract Concentration on the Physical Quality, Stability and Antioxidant Activity Tests of Gel Dosage Form Pramasari, Nadia; Shoviantari, Fenita; Rumwarin, Yuliana; Yuliati, Ninis; Anjani, Ade Giriayu; Hesturini, Asih Imulda; Sugiyartono
MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24123/mpi.v7i2.7905

Abstract

Saffron (Crocus sativus L) is a plant that contains antioxidants, which is known as “red gold” and belongs to the iris family (Iridaceae). Saffron stigmas are reported to have antioxidant activity to prevent free radicals. This study aimed to determine the effects of varying saffron extract concentrations on the physical quality, stability, and antioxidant activity of the gel dosage form. There were 3 gel preparation formulations containing 1% (F1), 2% (F2), and 3% (F3) saffron extract. Physical quality tests for the saffron extract gel were included organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, adhesion test, and spreadability test. A stability test was conducted at 25 ± 2°C for 1 month. Antioxidant activity test was performed using DPPH. The results of the physical quality tests, stability tests, and antioxidant tests were analyzed using SPSS. The results of the saffron extracts in gel F1, F2, and F3 met the requirements, and no differences in F1, F2, and F3. The stability test revealed differences in adhesiveness among F1, F2, and F3. The antioxidant activity test of the saffron extract gel dosage form was included in the moderate antioxidant category, with the IC50 values of formulation 1 (195.25 ppm), formulation 2 (178.31 ppm), and formulation 3 (159.26 ppm). The results of the antioxidant activity test on saffron extract also showed a moderate category. This study showed that all physical quality tests met the requirements, the preparation was unstable during storage, and the antioxidant activity was categorized as moderate.
Pengetahuan dan Sikap Ibu Hamil terhadap Swamedikasi: Analisis Faktor Demografi dan Riwayat Penyakit Kronis Sari, Chynthia Pradiftha; Hanifah, Suci; Sasnada, Nesya Abeliza
MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24123/mpi.v7i2.7961

Abstract

Swamedikasi pada wanita hamil memerlukan kehati-hatian karena dapat menimbulkan risiko bagi ibu maupun janin, sehingga pengetahuan dan sikap yang tepat sangat penting untuk memastikan keamanan penggunaan obat selama kehamilan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap wanita hamil terhadap swamedikasi di Kota Yogyakarta, serta faktor karakteristik yang berhubungan dengan keduanya. Desain penelitian dengan potong lintang pada 150 wanita hamil, menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur yang telah tervalidasi, dilakukan di RSKIA PKU Muhammadiyah Kotagede dan Klinik Puri Adisty Yogyakarta pada Maret–Mei 2024. Uji statistik menggunakan rank spearman (usia, usia kehamilan, pendidikan, pendapatan, dan jarak faskes) dan chi square (pekerjaan, riwayat penyakit kronis, jumlah kehamilan). Hasil menunjukkan mayoritas responden berusia 20–30 tahun (56%), trimester III kehamilan (53,33%), primigravida (54,67%), berpendidikan terakhir SMA/ sederajat (57,33%), tidak bekerja (64,67%), pendapatan keluarga >Rp3.000.000 (60%), jarak rumah ke faskes >2 km (54,67%), dan tidak memiliki penyakit kronis (77,33%). Responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan tinggi (62,03%) dan sikap positif (84,81%) terhadap swamedikasi. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa wanita hamil di Kota Yogyakarta memiliki pengetahuan tinggi dan sikap positif terhadap swamedikasi, tidak ditemukan demografi yang berkorelasi dengan pengetahuan, namun sikap responden terbukti dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh tingkat pendidikan (p=0,032) dan riwayat penyakit kronis (p=0,002). Self-medication during pregnancy requires caution due to potential risks to both the mother and fetus; therefore, appropriate knowledge and attitudes are crucial to ensure medication safety. This study aims to determine the level of knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women toward self-medication in Yogyakarta City, as well as to analyze the characteristic factors associated with them. This was a cross-sectional study involving 150 pregnant women selected using accidental sampling. Data collection was conducted using a validated structured questionnaire at RSKIA PKU Muhammadiyah Kotagede and Puri Adisty Clinic Yogyakarta from March to May 2024. Statistical analysis was performed using the Spearman Rank test (for age, gestational age, education, income, and distance to health facilities) and the Chi-Square test (for occupation, history of chronic disease, and number of pregnancies). The results showed that the majority of respondents were aged 20–30 years (56%), in the third trimester of pregnancy (53.33%), primigravida (54.67%), had a high school education or equivalent (57.33%), were unemployed (64.67%), had a family income >IDR 3,000,000 (60%), lived >2 km from health facilities (54.67%), and had no history of chronic disease (77.33%). Respondents demonstrated a high level of knowledge (62.03%) and a positive attitude (84.81%) toward self-medication. It can be concluded that pregnant women in Yogyakarta City possess high knowledge and positive attitudes toward self-medication. Although no demographic characteristics were found to correlate with knowledge, respondents attitudes were significantly influenced by education level (p=0.032) and history of chronic disease (p=0.002).
Authentication of Drimys piperita Hook f. Tree Bark Infusion from the Adulteration of Cinnamomum burmannii Nees Ex Bl. using the Combination of UV Spectroscopy and Chemometrics Techniques Sabela, Vivian Yulias; Laurendy, Chesie; Prarathana, Dicky; Riswanto, Florentinus Dika Octa
MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24123/mpi.v7i2.7964

Abstract

This study aims to develop a method to authenticate akway bark (Drimys piperita Hook f.) infusion using UV spectroscopy and chemometrics techniques. The background initiative of this study is the consideration of the high economic value of akway bark which may potentially lead to the adulteration of the akway raw materials for traditional medicine. The sample used in this study was akway bark obtained from Manokwari, Papua, Indonesia. Samples of akway bark, cinnamon, and a mixture of both were prepared in the form of powder and then infused. The infusion was examined using UV spectroscopy to obtain the absorption value of each wavelength. Chemometrics techniques including principal component analysis (PCA) and multivariate calibration using principal component regression (PCR) and partial least squares (PLS) regression were carried out during the study. Additionally, computational discrimination using sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis (sPLS-DA) was performed afterwards. A total of 36 distinctive wavelengths were obtained. The absorption values were then used to form a PCA model. The best multivariate calibration model was derived from PCR data processing on the original spectra for both akway and cinnamon bark infusion samples. The AUC-ROC values obtained from the application of the sPLS-DA technique for each sample were 1.000, 0.956, and 0.633 for akway bark, cinnamon, and the mixture of both, respectively. Authentication of akway bark infusion has been successfully conducted on the presence of cinnamon as the adulterant.
Optimasi Kombinasi Polimer Hidroksi Propil Metil Selulosa K4M dan Natrium Karboksimetil Selulosa pada Formula Patch Ekstrak Daun Alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) dengan Metode Simplex Lattice Design Putri, Cintana Violena Alifia; Edityaningrum, Citra Ariani
MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24123/mpi.v7i2.8002

Abstract

Ekstrak etanol daun alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) telah terbukti memiliki kemampuan menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri karena memiliki kandungan senyawa berupa saponin, alkaloid, flavonoid, dan tanin. Untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan dalam penggunaannya, ekstrak diformulasikan dalam bentuk patch. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi antara polimer hidroksi propil metil selulosa (HPMC) K4M serta natrium karboksi metil selulosa (CMC-Na) terhadap karakteristik fisik patch ekstrak daun alpukat. Penelitian diawali dengan skrining fitokimia ekstrak daun alpukat berupa uji alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin. Optimasi formula patch dilakukan dengan variasi konsentrasi HPMC K4M dan CMC-Na pada konsentrasi 0–3% dengan metode Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) menggunakan software Design Expert 13. Kemudian dilakukan uji sifat fisik meliputi uji organoleptis, bobot, pH, ketebalan, ketahanan lipat, dan swelling index, untuk menentukan formula terbaik. Verifikasi dilakukan dengan membandingkan hasil uji sifat fisik prediksi software dengan hasil pengujian di laboratorium menggunakan one sample t-test dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa formula optimum yaitu dengan perbandingan HPMC K4M sebesar 2,325% dan CMC-Na sebesar 0,675%. Kombinasi polimer HPMC K4M dan CMC-Na secara signifikan dapat mempengaruhi ketahanan lipat, ketebalan, pH, dan bobot; namun tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap nilai swelling index patch ekstrak daun alpukat. Hasil verifikasi formula optimum menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan antara nilai prediksi program dengan hasil percobaan (sig 2-tailed > 0,05), sehingga menunjukkan bahwa model prediksi efektif dalam menghasilkan formula yang dapat memberikan sifat fisik patch sesuai yang diinginkan. Avocado leaf extract (Persea americana Mill.) has been proven to have the ability to inhibit bacterial growth because of the active compounds such as saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins. To improve comfort in its use, the extract was formulated in the form of a patch. The focus of this study was to assess how the combination of hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) K4M polymers and sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC-Na) affects the characteristics of the physical properties of patches made from avocado leaf extract. The study began with phytochemical screening of avocado leaf extract in the form of alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, and tannin tests. Patch formula optimization was carried out by varying the concentration of HPMC K4M and CMC-Na (0–3%) using the Simplex Lattice Design method in Design Expert 13 software. The patch preparation was tested for physical properties including organoleptic tests, weight, pH, thickness, folding resistance, and swelling index, to determine the best formula. After that, verification was carried out by comparing the results of the software predicted physical properties test with the results of laboratory tests using a one sample t-test with a 95% confidence level. This study showed that the optimum formula was with a comparative concentration of HPMC K4M of 2.325% and CMC-Na of 0.675%. The combination of HPMC K4M and CMC-Na polymers was found to have significantly affected the folding resistance, thickness, pH, and weight, but did not show a significant effect on their swelling index value of avocado leaf extract patches. The results of the optimum formula verification showed no significant difference between the program predicted values and the experimental results (sig 2-tailed > 0.05), thus indicating that the prediction model was effective in producing a formula that could provide the desired physical properties of the patch.

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