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INDONESIA
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 25409573     EISSN : 25409581     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology (JTBB) is an authoritative source of information concerned with the advancement of tropical biology studies in the Southeast Asia Region. It publishes original scientific work related to a diverse range of fields in tropical biodiversity, functional biology, and biotechnology.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 15 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 9, No 4 (2024): December" : 15 Documents clear
Daily Activity and Honey Production Patterns of Tetragonula laeviceps Smith (Hymenoptera: Apidae) During the Wet and Dry Seasons Suhri, Andi Gita Maulidyah Indraswari; Retnoaji, Bambang; Mustamin, Yusdar; Kahono, Sih
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 9, No 4 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.84083

Abstract

Honey production by stingless bees is closely related to the foraging activities of worker bees, particularly nectar foraging. The urgency of this study stems from the community's need for adequate understanding and information on honey production which can vary due to various factors, such as forage and season. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which foraging activity affects the amount of honey produced by T. laeviceps during the rainy and dry seasons. The focal sampling method was used to observe foraging behaviour and the acetolysis method was used to observe pollen. The abiotic factors were measured through direct observation. Honey production was observed as a result of foraging behaviour and variations in abiotic factors.  In SPSS v27 software, data from foraging behaviour observations were analysed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test with 95% confidence level and interpreted in tables and figures. Multiple linear regressions and Pearson’s correlations were used to test the relationship between abiotic variables and bee return to hive behaviour. All honey volume data were collected, averaged, and evaluated using bar charts. Based on these results, the amount of honey produced by T. laevicepsin the dry season was significantly higher than that produced during the wet season. This was because the number of bees actively foraging was also higher in the dry season (June-August) which was strongly influenced by temperature and light intensity (p > 0.05). In addition, the number of flowering plants available for harvest during the dry season was higher than that during the rainy season. The results of this study can be used as a reference by beekeepers to determine the appropriate time to harvest honey. Information on the types of forage plants identified in this study can provide information on bee preferences in making choices related to forage plants.
Genetic Variation of Baram River Frog, Pulchrana baramica (Boettger, 1900), In Java, Sumatra, and Kalimantan based on 16S Mitochondrial Gene Fauzi, Luthfi; Arisuryanti, Tuty; Aji, Katon Waskito; Riyanto, Awal; Smith, Eric N.; Hamidy, Amir
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 9, No 4 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.84814

Abstract

Baram River Frog (Pulchrana baramica) is a ranid species distributed in the Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Sumatra and represents the sole species from the genus Pulchrana on Java Island. Cryptic species are commonly encountered within the amphibian group which can cause confusion in the identification process. Due to the broad distribution range of P. baramica and the frequent occurrence of cryptic species within the amphibian group, it is important to evaluate the taxonomic status of P. baramica. Therefore, we investigated the taxonomic position of P. baramica from three populations (Kalimantan, Sumatra, and Java) and identified the interpopulation genetic variation based on molecular data of the 16S mitochondrial gene. We reconstructed phylogenetic relationships using Neighbour Joining, Maximum Likelihood, and Bayesian Inference. The research results revealed that Pulchrana baramica is a monophyletic group and nested within a group together with P. glandulosa and P. laterimaculata. The monophyletic group of P. baramica consisted of four distinct lineages that molecularly showed interspecific genetic variation. Clade 1 represents the population of Sumatra and Borneo (Kalimantan), clade 2 comprises the population from Borneo (Sarawak), clade 3 consists of population from Java, and clade 4 represents the population from Sumatra. Further research is required with the addition of morphological and acoustic data as supportive evidence to obtain more extensive comprehension of species identification.
The Application of Amino Acid Racemization Geochronology of Tubipora sp. in Marine Terraces of Manokwari Region, West Papua, Indonesia Hidayat, Rahmadi; Saputra, Sukahar Eka Adi; Husein, Salahuddin
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 9, No 4 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.87657

Abstract

The active neotectonics of northern West Papuan coastlines allow the formation of emergent marine terraces associated with Quaternary sea-level high stands. These terraces contain fossils from the coral assemblage, which are useful for geochronological assessments and further estimating uplift rates. Here, we report the applicability of amino acid racemization (AAR) of Tubipora sp. to discriminate different ages associated with stages of sea-level high stand, constrained by previous uranium-thorium (U/Th) series dating. The results from amino acid dating of three samples reveal two distinct extents of racemization corresponding to terraces developed during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5 sensu lato and 1. However, AAR analysis could not further discriminate interstadial MIS 5a and 5c as determined by published radiometric dating. This indicates the low resolving power of amino acid dating to distinguish sub-sequences beyond the interglacial period. Nevertheless, the cost-effective and rapid analysis of AAR dating of Tubipora sp. can be used as preliminary results related to marine terraces formed in different interglacial events.
Morpho-Ecotype Characterization of Superior Local Durian (Durio zibethinus L.) in Jember Regency Sari, Vega Kartika; Sa'diyah, Halimatus; Basuki, Basuki
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 9, No 4 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.87810

Abstract

Panti and Sumberjambe Districs are known as durian centre in Jember Regency, it is necessary to characterise the main potential superior durian trees. The exploratory investigation was carried out between April - July 2023. Morphological characterisation and Ecological observations including topography, soil type and climate were carried out. Data were analysed in clusters and descriptively. The results showed that 10 local durian accessions from Panti District had 66% similarity. The highest similarity between Montong Belanda and Gendon durians (75%). Ten local durians from Sumberjambe showed 64% similarity. Si Sukun differed significantly, whereas LK 1 and LK 4 shared 85% similarity.
Expression, Characterisation and Structural Homology Modelling of Recombinant Mercuric Reductase of Streptomyces sp. AS2 Khasanah, Anis Uswatun; Putri, Wahyu Aristyaning; Rahayu, Hanum Mukti; Sembiring, Langkah; Purwestri, Yekti Asih
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 9, No 4 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.88773

Abstract

Mercury pollution poses a significant environmental challenge worldwide, prompting extensive efforts over the past two decades to combat its detrimental effects. Cloning merA from Streptomyces sp. AS2 (Accession numbers LC026157) into the expression vector pET-28c (+) marks a critical advancement in this field, necessitating further investigation into the expression and structural analysis of the resulting recombinant mercuric reductase protein. This study aimed to optimise the expression and characterise the structural MerA protein. The study involved the expression of merA from AS2 isolate in the host Escherichia coli BL21 and the measurement of mercuric reductase using SDS-PAGE. Induction of E. coli BL21 was optimized by adding IPTG concentration and incubation time. Purification of mercuric reductase was attempted using ammonium sulphate precipitation, dialysis, and column chromatography. Protein structural characterisation was conducted using computational modelling tools Swiss-Model and Phyre2. Expression of merA from AS2 isolate was successfully performed in E. coli BL21, with SDS-PAGE showing a dominant band in the 55-70 kDa range using IPTG concentration 1 and 1,2 mM and 18-hour incubation time. The specific activity of mercuric reductase was obtained at an enzyme concentration of 294.07 Unit/mg. Protein structural characterisation revealed homology with Lysinibacillus sphaericus (Swiss-Model) and similar folding to c5c1Yc, a known mercuric reductase from the same species using Phyre2. The successful expression of recombinant pET-28c (+)-MerA in E. coli BL21 offers new opportunities for bioremediation efforts targeting mercury contamination. 
Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Soymilk and Its Growth in Soymilk By-product Medium for the Application in Soymilk Fermentation Retnowati, Faizah Diah; Purwestri, Yekti Asih; Sine, Yuni
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 9, No 4 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.89003

Abstract

The separation phase of soy-product manufacturing, especially of soymilk production, involves using the liquid portion of soy while disposing primarily of the solid portion, known as soymilk by-product (SMB). The improper disposal of SMB can contribute to environmental concerns. As SMB contains many beneficial nutrients, this could serve as a valuable culture medium for lactic acid bacteria (LAB), especially considering the expense of the standard de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe (MRS) medium. This study aimed to isolate and identify LAB from soymilk through 16S rRNA sequencing, assess the potential of SMB as a culture medium for LAB, and ferment soymilk with LAB cultured from SMB to demonstrate the probiotic capacity. The research identified a potential LAB as Weissella confusa. Effective cultivation of LAB was demonstrated at 2% SMB concentration, although LAB cultured with MRS medium yielded a higher colony count. Furthermore, fermentation of soymilk by the LAB isolates from SMB exhibited a positive probiotic ability, reaching 5.5 × 109 CFU/mL, with a lactic acid content of 0.27%. 
Inventory of Macrofungi in Area of Taman Hutan Raya (TAHURA) Ir. H. Djuanda Bandung Suryani, Yani; Cahyanto, Tri; Akbar, Rahmat Taufiq Mustahiq; Dicky, Dicky; Madani, Pameila Qaulan Tsaqila; Meldania, Rindi; Tisnawati, Sophia Eka; Darniwa, Adisty Virakawugi; Musa’adah, Musa’adah; Fitriyyah, Ita; Tridesianti, Siska; Adawiyah, Ayuni
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 9, No 4 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.89482

Abstract

Taman Hutan Raya (TAHURA) Ir. H. Djuanda Bandung is an integrated conservation area in which there are secondary natural forests that have various kinds of flora and fauna. Macrofungi are fungi whose fruiting bodies can be seen directly without the aid of a microscope, heterotrophic, and ecologically act as decomposers of organic matter (decomposers) and as biological control agents. Data related to research results on macrofungi in the Tahura area is still limited and need more comprehensive research. This study aimed to inventory, determine the growth factors, and potential utilization of macroscopic fungi. Observations were carried out during the period of November 2021 - April 2022 using exploration method. Sampling was done by purposive sampling method. Macrofungi identification process was carried out based on morphological characters such as cap, stalk, and lamella, The environmental factors observed included air humidity, soil pH, temperature, and type of substrate. The results showed that as many as 83 species were found in the Protection block, 50 species were found in the Collection block, and 99 species were identified in the Utilization block from the phyla Basidiomycota and Ascomycota. The macrofungi found have potential as biodegradation agents, food ingredients, non-food ingredients, drugs, antimicrobials, antioxidants, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory. 
First Record of the Ladder Gudgeon Bostrychus scalaris Larson, 2008 (Gobiiformes: Eleotridae: Butinae) from Mangrove Estuary of South Sumatra, Indonesia Rusdianto, Rusdianto; Wahyudewantoro, Gema; Wibowo, Kunto
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 9, No 4 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.89544

Abstract

A single specimen of Bostrychus scalaris was collected from the mangrove estuary of Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra, Indonesia. The species was originally described as a new species based on a single specimen collected from the disturbed mangrove site in Sementa River, Selangor State, Malaysia. Subsequently, the species was known to have been distributed in Singapore based on a watercolour painting by a French naturalist also in Mekong River in Soc Trang Province, Vietnam. The present specimen of B. scalaris represents the first record of the species from Indonesian water and southernmost record of the species. 
Diversity Status of Bamboo in Sumatra: A Review Ritonga, Muhammad Azli; Syamsuardi, Syamsuardi; Nurainas, Nurainas; Damayanto, I Putu Gede P.
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 9, No 4 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.90323

Abstract

Prior to initiating the conservation effort, conducting a bamboo species inventory in a specific area is crucial for obtaining information about the diversity status of the species in that region. Species inventorying is a fundamental step in ensuring that conservation efforts are targeted, effective, and based on sound scientific data. Regrettably, status of bamboo diversity in Sumatra is unavailable. Therefore, a study was conducted to determine the status of bamboo diversity in Sumatra. The study gathered data from literature review. It covered bamboo species, their statuses (endemic, introduced, ex-situ conservation, and threatened), and encompassed the main Sumatra Island and surrounding smaller islands. Species were re-identified and validated. Conservation status was assessed based on IUCN categories. There are 73 species of bamboo in the Sumatra region, representing 10 genera: Bambusa (11 species), Chimonobambusa (1 species), Dendrocalamus (10 species), Dinochloa (2 species), Gigantochloa (26 species), Melocanna (1 species), Neololeba (1 species), Phyllostachys (1 species), Schizostachyum (19 species), and Thyrsostachys (1 species). Eighteen species of Sumatran bamboo are known as introduced species, and 30 species are endemic to Sumatra, with the majority belonging to Gigantochloa (15 species). The least represented are Bambusa and Dinochloa, each having one endemic species. Bambusa heterostachya, Dendrocalamus giganteus, and Dendrocalamus membranaceus fall into the “least concern” (LC) category on the IUCN Red List, while the remaining 70 species have not been evaluated. A total of 44 species have been planted (conserved) in botanical gardens in Indonesia, while the remaining 29 species have not yet been conserved.
Praxelis (Asteraceae: Eupatorieae), A Newly Naturalised Genus for Kalimantan and Sumatra, Indonesia Hariri, Muhammad Rifqi; Irsyam, Arifin Surya Dwipa; Lestari, Ria Windi; Peniwidiyanti, Peniwidiyanti; Rahmaningtiyas, Lutfi; Zulkarnaen, Rizmoon Nurul; Widjaya, Aulia Hasan; Saripudin, Saripudin; Latifah, Dian; Yuliyanto, Ponco; Budianti, Noviana; Suhaya, Yoyo; Rosleine, Dian; Sulistyawati, Endah
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 9, No 4 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.90595

Abstract

The southern American genus Praxelis Cass. has 18 species. In Singapore and Indonesia, notably Java, P. clematidea R.M.King & H.Rob. has naturalised. The first record in Indonesia was in Bogor in 2018, although it is unverified elsewhere. Praxelis clematidea was found in Bangka, Belitung, Jambi, Lampung, and Palangka Raya during our exploratory field research in 2020–2023. The naturalised populations proliferate in roadsides, ditches, open spaces, and disturbed areas.  It thrives in a small swampy peat environment in Palangka Raya. Praxelis clematidea has been found outside Java, suggesting it could become an invasive alien species in Kalimantan and Sumatra.

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