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Jurnal Biologi Udayana
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 14105292     EISSN : 25992856     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24843/jbiounud
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Jurnal Biologi Udayana (p-ISSN 1410-5292 | e-ISSN 2599-2856 | DOI 10.24843/jbiounud) managed by the Department of Biology, Udayana University, published in two formats namely print and online regularly twice a year (June and December).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 262 Documents
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Variasi genetik dan jarak genetik suku Sakai di Provinsi Riau dengan suku Minangkabau di Desa Pagaruyung Sumatera Barat berdasarkan DNA mikrosatelit Tyara Tyara; I Ketut Junitha; Ni Nyoman Wirasiti
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 25 No 1 (2021): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2021.v25.i01.p03

Abstract

There are several versions can explain the origin of the Sakai tribe. Sakai people themselves believe that their ancestors came from Pagaruyung, West Sumatra Province. The purpose of this research is to determine the genetic variation and genetic distance of the Sakai tribe in Riau Province and the Minangkabau tribe in Pagaruyung Village, West Sumatra Province based on three microsatellite DNA loci (D2S1338, D16S539, and D13S317). A total of 10 alleles were found in three microsatellite loci of the Sakai tribe and 11 alleles in the Minangkabau tribe. Data analysis using GenAlex 6.503 software showed that the heterozygous value of the Sakai and Minangkabau tribes was moderate with a value of 0.557 ± 0.062 in the Sakai tribe and 0.615 ± 0.073 in the Minangkabau tribe. Meanwhile, the value of genetic differentiation (F’ST) in these two tribes shows moderate genetic differences (0.088 ± 0.039). Genetically, Sakai people and Minangkabau tribes have similarities based on the D2S1338, D16S539, and D13S317 microsatellite DNA loci with a genetic distance of 0.269 and the proportion of identical genes (Genetic identity) of 0.764. This result is supported by alleles outflow or entry in the Sakai and Minangkabau tribes with a migration rate is four people per generation.
Pertumbuhan planlet anggrek Cymbidium bicolor Lindl. pada tahap subkultur dengan variasi media Fakhri Fadhlurrohman Pratama; Nintya Setiari; Yulita Nurchayati
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 25 No 1 (2021): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2021.v25.i01.p08

Abstract

Cymbidium bicolor is one of the orchids in Indonesia which has beautiful and longlasting flowers, so it has potential to become an ornamental plant and has economic value. The method of propagation generally is tissue culture. One of the stages in plant tissue culture is subculture. The variation of media used at the subculture stage make an effect for growth of plantlet. Media usually can be used include Murashige and Skoog (MS), Vacin and Went (VW), and New Phalaenopsis (NP). This study aims is to analyze the variation of media during the subculture. The method used was tissue culture in subculture with media as treatment. Cymbidium bicolor planlets were subcultured into MS, VW, and NP and observed for 2 months. The parameters observed were the leaf emergence, the number of leafs, leaf length, leaf width, the number of roots, root length, and the number of shoots. This study used a completely randomized design with single factor and 15 replicates. Data were analyzed by ANOVA with 95% significance. Treatment of variation of media significantly affected all parameters. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium was the best medium for leaf emergence (11 days), the number of leafs (4,92), leaf length (1,56 cm), leaf width (0,33 cm), the number of roots (2,67), root length (2,73 cm), and the number of shoots (4,00). Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium was the best medium and concentrations for C. bicolor growth at the subculture stage.
Keanekaragaman Arthhopoda pada lahan pertanian kacang di Kabupaten Kupang Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur Chatarina Gradict Semiun; Yulita Iryani Mamulak
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 25 No 1 (2021): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2021.v25.i01.p04

Abstract

The success of pea’s cultivation is influenced by the presence of arthropods that act as pollinators, decomposers, parasitoids and bioindicators. This research aimed at determining the diversity of arthropods on pea’s farming lands in Kupang district. This research was a descriptive quantitative research that had been carried out in three locations, namely peanut farming field, long bean farming field, and green bean farming field. Arthropod samples were taken by using pitfall traps, insect nets, and hand sorting. The results showed that arthropod diversity varied in the three pea’s farming lands. First, on peanut farming land, 31 species, 15 families, 9 orders, 2 classes were found, with a total of 115 individuals. Second, on the long bean farming land, 17 species, 11 families, 7 orders, 2 classes were found, with a total of 53 individuals. Last, there were 30 species, 20 families, 9 orders, 3 classes, with a total of 108 individuals found in green bean farming land. The highest diversity index was found in green bean farming land at 3.19, followed by peanut farming land at 2.83, and long bean farming land at 2.43. The highest species richness index value was found in peanut farming land at 6.32, followed by green bean farming land at 6.19, and the lowest in long bean farming land at 4.03. There was no arthropod species that dominated in the three peanut farming lands, the species were classified as evenly distributed. The similarity between Jaccard and peanut habitats showed a value less than 50%, meaning that the similarity level of the arthropod family found in the three pea habitats was low. The low level of similarity could be caused by the application of pesticides, especially in long beans and green beans farming lands. Furthermore, abiotic factors had a significant effect on arthropod diversity.
Pertumbuhan rumput laut (Eucheuma cottonii) dengan berat bibit awal berbeda di Pantai Pandawa, Bali Ni Pande Putu Suji Dian Antari; Ni Luh Watiniasih; Ayu Putu Wiweka Krisna Dewi
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 25 No 2 (2021): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2021.v25.i02.p03

Abstract

Seaweed is a low-level plant, does not have exact roots, stems, and leaves, and the plant part is called the thallus. One species that is often cultivated by the seaweed farmers in Bali is Eucheuma cottonii. The initial weight of the seeds planted can affect the growth of seaweed. The results of the study found that good seaweed seeds used ranged from 50-150 g, but has never been studied in detail on E. cottonii using floating raft method. This study aims to determine the initial weight of seaweed seeds that are good for growth using the floating raft method where the seeds are placed in a bag. This study consisted of 3 treatments, namely treatment A with a seed weight of 50 g, treatment B with a seed weight of 100 g, and treatment C with a seed weight of 150 g. This research was conducted at Pandawa Beach, Bali, from March-April 2021, which data was collected once a week for 7 weeks. The results showed that the growth of seaweed increased every week and different between treatments. The final weight of seaweed in treatment A was 558.83 g, treatment B was 552.167 g, and treatment C was 529.67 g. Seaweed growth in treatment A was higher than treatment B and C. The average Specific Growth Rate (SGR) in treatment A was 4.92%, treatment B was 3.48%, and treatment C was 2.57%. The best results from the seeds used were found in seedlings with an initial weight of 50g, compared to the weight of other seeds (P<0.002).
Kerentanan larva Aedes aegypti di Jawa Timur terhadap Temephos komersial dengan dosis berbeda Firas Khaleyla; Etik Ainun Rohmah; Kris Cahyo Mulyatno
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 25 No 2 (2021): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2021.v25.i02.p08

Abstract

Control of Ae. Aegypti population is performed as an effort to suppress the transmission of dengue virus, one of the methods is sprinkling of temephos larvicide. Operational dose of temephos used in Indonesia (1 mg/L) is higher from recommended dose of WHO (0.012 mg/L). In East Java, commercial temephos are found to have different application doses of 8 g/L (8G) and 10 g/L (10 G). This study was designed to know the susceptibility of Ae. aegypti population from Jember (JEM), Surabaya (SBY), and Entomology Laboratory of Universitas Airlangga collection (LAB) towards temephos 8G and 10G starting at high (1 mg/L) to low concentrations(0.015625 mg/L). Larvae mortality test was performed based on WHO standard method with 4 times replication. Data was analyzed statistically. Results showed that the three groups of Ae. aegypti larvae had mortality level at >90% in the lowest concentration applied (0.015625 mg/L) at time threshold of 240 minutes, for both temephos8 G and 10 G. Significant difference of larvae mortality towards highest (1 mg/L) and lowest dose (0.015625 mg/L) was found in JEM, at both 8 G and 10 G doses, and LAB at 8 G dose. JEM and SBY groups were found to have resistance ratio 95 (RR95) to temephosat low category (<5) compared to LAB. All groupstill retained susceptibility towards commercial temephos larvicide at low dose (0.015625 mg/L). Based on results, we recommendedlowering the operational dose of larvicide temephos used for population control of Ae. aegypti vector population in East Java.
Struktur morfologis dan histologis ginjal tikus model diabet setelah diberi ekstrak etanol kulit buah jengkol (Archidendron pauciflorum) Desak Made Malini; Nurullia Fitriani; Adnin Laila; Nining Ratningsih; Tia Setiawati
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 25 No 2 (2021): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2021.v25.i02.p13

Abstract

In a long term, diabetes mellitus (DM) leads to nephropathy due to glomerular hyperfiltration. One of the plant used as a diabetic drug by the community in Karangwangi Village, Cianjur Regency, West Java is the fruit peel of jengkol. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of the ethanolic extract of Jengkol fruit peel (EEJFP) toward the morphological and histological structure on the kidney of the diabetic rat model. The method adopted was the Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 treatments namely NC (Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose (CMC) 0.5%), PC (CMC 0.5%), Pb (Glibenclamide 5 mg/kg BW), P1, P2, and P3 (EEJFP 385; 770; and 1,540 mg/kg BW) with 4 replications for 14 consecutive days. Furthermore, the induction of diabetes with streptozotocin dose of 60 mg/Kg BW was performed intravenously in experimental animals except for the NC group. The parameters observed include relative weight, morphological, and histological structure of kidney which include glomerular diameter, Bowman space distance, and percentage of proximal tubular cell necrosis. The non-parametric and parametric data were tested by Kruskal Wallis and ANOVA test as well as Duncan's follow-up test, respectively. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the morphological structure of the kidney between treatment groups. Furthermore, the relative weights of kidney in the PC, Pb, P1, and P3 groups were larger and significantly different compared to NC and P2 also, the histological structure showed that the glomerular diameter (65.43 ± 0.7 m), Bowman space distance (4.19 ± 1.7 µm), and the percentage of proximal tubular cell necrosis (24.6 ± 5.5%) at P2 were not significantly different from NC. Based on this results, it was concluded that EEJFP has no effect on the kidney’s morphological structure, however, it decreases its relative weight and repair the kidney’s histological damage of the diabetic rat model with the optimum dose of 770 mg/kg BW.
Analisis kandungan Timbal (Pb) dan Kadmium (Cd) dalam kangkung air (Ipomoea aquatica Forks.) di rawa yang dialiri limbah cair rumah tangga Suraida Suraida; Boby Syefrinando; Alfian Alfian; Fistoni Fistoni
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 25 No 2 (2021): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2021.v25.i02.p04

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the content of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica Forks.) growing in swamps where household wastewater flows. This type of study is observational, carried out using a descriptive approach through heavy metal testing in the laboratory. The results showed that the parts of the plant that accumulated the most heavy metals were roots, followed by stems, while leaves did not contain metals. Root organs contained 0.0146 mg/kg of Pb and 0.0018 mg/kg of Cd metal. The stem organ section contains 0.0012 mg/kg of lead and 0.000867 mg/kg of Cd. All are still below the maximum limit of metal contamination for foodstuffs, and therefores still safe for public consumption.
Struktur vegetasi di kawasan riparian Desa Bongkasa Pertiwi, Kecamatan Abiansemal, Kabupaten Badung – Bali I Made Saka Wijaya; Luh Putu Eswaryanti Kusuma Yuni; Ida Ayu Eka Pertiwi Sari
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 25 No 2 (2021): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2021.v25.i02.p09

Abstract

Ayung river is the longest river in Bali. The middle part of the river is frequently utilized as rafting for tourism, such as in Bongkasa Pertiwi Village, Abiansemal District, Badung Regency – Bali. To preserve the river’s ecological function, the information of riparian vegetation as the dynamic component in river is highly required. This research aimed to study the structure of riparian vegetation in Bongkasa Pertiwi Village. The plot method was used and the study site was divided into three stations. Each station was composed by three replications with four plot variations: trees (20 x 20 m), poles (10 x 10 m), saplings (5 x 5), and herbs-shrubs (2 x 2 m). The data was analysed using vegetation analysis that completed with Importance Value (IV), Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (H’), Index of Dominancy (C), and Index of Evenness (E). This study found that the structure of riparian vegetation in Bongkasa Pertiwi Village was in good condition which was indicated by the high abundance of local tree species. The floristic composition of riparian vegetation comprised by 18 species of trees, 18 species of poles, 21 species of saplings, and 29 species of herbs and shrubs. Cocos nucifera, Pterospermum javanicum, Bischofia javanica, Cananga odorata, Elaeocarpus serratus, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Coffea canephora, and Nephelium lappaceum were the species with the highest Importance Value (IV). The floor vegetation in form of herbs and shrubs was dominated by Sphaegneticola trilobata, Oplismenus burmanni, and Diplazium esculentum. Based on the Diversity Index (H’), Index of Dominancy (C), and Index of Evenness (E), diversity of riparian vegetation in Bongkasa Pertiwi Village was classified as medium category, without any dominated species, and the vegetation composition was equivalent.
Keanekaragaman jenis lumut (Bryophyta) di Bukit Nenek Taman Wisata Alam Gunung Permisan, Kabupaten Bangka Selatan Henri Henri; Rusidi Rusidi; Ratna Santi
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 25 No 2 (2021): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2021.v25.i02.p05

Abstract

The mosses growth is generally influenced by temperature, habitat humidity, light intensity, and soil acidity. This study aimed to determine the level of diversity of bryophytes species on various substrates in the Nenek Hills Natural Tourism Park of Mount Permisan, South Bangka Regency. The methods used in this study were exploration and observation. The results of this study are the types of mosses (Bryophytes) found Nenek Hills Natural Tourism Park of Mount Permisan, South Bangka Regency, are from the families Calymperaceae, Dicranaceae, Fissidentaceae, Leucobryaceae, Rhizogoniaceae, Sematophylaceae, Calypogeiaceae, Geocalyceae, Lejeuneaceae, Lepidoziaceae and Plagiochilaceae. The dominating family is Leucobryaceae, Lejeuneaceae and Calymperaceae. The type of substrate that moss prefers to grow is rock. Abiotic factors consist of light intensity with a value of 0,2-7,2 Klx (low), air temperature with a value of 25-29°C (medium-high), humidity with a value of 34-68% (medium-high), soil acidity with a value of 5,9-6,9 (slightly-neutral) and soil moisture with a value of 52-65% (moist).
Bakteriofag spesifik Escherichia coli yang diisolasi dari berbagai sumber air di Bogor Tengah, Kota Bogor sebagai antibiotika alternatif Arga Darmawan Wally; Eko S. Pribadi; Surachmi Setyaningsih
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 25 No 2 (2021): JURNAL BIOLOGI UDAYANA
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2021.v25.i02.p10

Abstract

The Research isolated specific phages of Escherichia coli in various water sample in Bogor Tengah, Bogor City and stored them. The Research was conducted in Bogor City in March and April 2020. Phage enrichment was carried out twice as the gold standard method of isolating phages. The plaque test was carried out to confirm the presence of phages in the collected water samples examined using the filtrate obtained only from the phage enrichment method. E. coli isolated in all water samples and phage obtained one water sample, namely the meat dyeing of Pasar Merdeka, Bogor City. The phage concentration in the water sample was 9.1 x 108 PFU/ml. The phage concentration level was considered high enough that it has the potential to be used in the therapy of bacterial infections caused by E. coli.

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