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INDONESIA
Public Health of Indonesia
Published by Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia
ISSN : 24771570     EISSN : 24771570     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Public Health of Indonesia is an International, peer-reviewed, and open access journal emphasizing on original research findings that are relevant for developing country perspectives including Indonesia. The journal considers publication of articles as original article, review article, short communication / brief reports, Education forum, letters to editor, case reports, etc. The journal covers population based studies, impact assessment, monitoring and evaluation, systematic review, meta-analysis, clinic-social studies etc., related to any domain and discipline of public health, specially relevant to national priorities, including ethical and social issues. Articles aligned with national health issues and policy implications are preferred.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 319 Documents
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Knowledge, attitude, practice and compliance to weekly iron supplementation among female public junior high school students in West Papua Isnaini, Yuni Subhi; Pihahey, Priscilla Jessica; Bahra, Bahra; Mintaningtyas, Sestu Iriami; Simanjuntak, Melicha Kristine; Fabanjo, Ivonne Junita
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2024): October - December
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v10i4.858

Abstract

Background:Research indicates that the total iron intake among female adolescents aged 10–12 years who experience anemia is approximately 5.4 mg/day, significantly lower than the recommended daily requirement of 20 mg/day according to the 2013 Indonesian Nutritional Guidelines (AKG). To address this issue, the Indonesian government has implemented the Pemberian Tablet Tambah Darah pada Remaja Putri(PPAGB) program, which involves administering one iron tablet weekly over 12 months. However, the program's effectiveness is hindered by insufficient awareness of anemia's consequences and resistance among adolescents to consume iron tablets regularly. Objective:This study aimed to examine the association between female students' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) and their adherence to consuming iron supplements at Public Junior High School 08 Prafi, Manokwari, Papua. Methods:A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted between August and November 2023 among adolescent girls. A total of 226 participants were enrolled, divided into two phases: 75 participants in the first phase and 151 in the second. Weekly supplementation was provided for 12 weeks using 60 mg iron tablets. Data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariable logistic regression analyses with SPSS version 27 to determine significant associations between adherence to iron tablet consumption and related variables at a significance level of p < 0.05. Results:Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified that accurate knowledge (OR = 0.403; p < 0.05), positive attitudes (OR = 0.226; p < 0.001), and frequent best practices (OR = 0.449; p < 0.05) were significantly associated with higher adherence to iron tablet consumption among female students. Conclusion:The findings suggest that enhancing female students' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding anemia and iron supplementation is crucial for improving adherence to iron tablet programs. Effective interventions should include educational initiatives to raise awareness about anemia and its consequences, alongside strategies to promote positive health behaviors. Keywords:knowledge; attitude; practice; compliance; iron supplements; anemia; Papua; Indonesia
A statistical study about vaccines used against Covid-19 in Nineveh Governorat Iraq Nayyef Mustafa, Khalidah
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2024): October - December
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v10i4.864

Abstract

Background:A total of 518 individuals vaccinated with three different COVID-19 vaccines were included in this study. The majority received the Pfizer vaccine, which was associated with mild side effects, while others experienced more severe symptoms such as headache and fever. Objective:To evaluate the types of COVID-19 vaccines administered, the age distribution of vaccinated individuals, and the vaccines' efficiency and safety, assessed by two criteria: prevention of reinfection and reduction of side effects. Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured questionnaire from June 2021 to January 2022. Data were collected through in-person interviews, verification of vaccine cards, and personal information, followed by statistical analysis of the gathered data. Results:The most vaccinated age group was 36–50 years. The distribution of vaccines administered included Pfizer (86.4%), AstraZeneca (8.5%), and Sinopharm (5.4%). Vaccine effectiveness, based on the absence of reinfection post-vaccination, was highest for Pfizer (90.1%), followed by AstraZeneca (86.4%) and Sinopharm (78.6%). Adherence to preventive and sterilization measures was observed among vaccinated individuals, with 31.3% adhering completely and 49.4% adhering partially. Conclusion:The vaccines studied included Pfizer, AstraZeneca, and Sinopharm. The most vaccinated age group was 36–50 years, while the least vaccinated group comprised individuals over 50 years. All vaccines demonstrated mild side effects, with Pfizer being the most effective, followed by AstraZeneca and Sinopharm. Keywords:COVID-19 vaccines; age groups; vaccine safety; adherence post-vaccination
Voices from Rural Thailand: Understanding the Root Causes of Adolescent Pregnancy Panjarut, Laisuwannachart; Chamroonsawasdi , Kanittha; Vatanasomboon , Paranee; Kittipichai , Wirin
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2024): October - December
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v10i4.870

Abstract

Background: Adolescent pregnancy is an important global health concern. Almost 21 million adolescent women between the ages of 15 and 19 in developing countries become pregnant, and approximately 12 million of them give birth annually. Adolescent pregnancy has consequences for the health, social, and economic outcomes of adolescent women, their babies, and their families. Those in rural areas are particularly vulnerable due to poverty, inadequate education, limited access to contraception, and traditional beliefs. Objective:This qualitative study aims to explore the root causes of adolescent pregnancy in rural Thailand. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted from August to September 2023. We collected data through in-depth interviews with three mother-daughter dyads, whose daughters experienced adolescent pregnancy, and focus group discussions among four healthcare providers and four school teachers. We transcribed the data verbatim and applied thematic analysis. Results: The findings showed that the root causes of adolescent pregnancy include: 1) inadequate problem-solving skills to prevent adolescent pregnancy; 2) ineffective sexual communication; 3) poor family relationships; and 4) poor behavior control to prevent adolescent pregnancy. Conclusion:Our findings reveal the root causes of adolescent pregnancy in rural Thailand. Understanding these factors allows us to better address the unique challenges faced by adolescents in these communities. We should focus on these factors to design tailored interventions and involve multilevel stakeholders, including family, school, and healthcare services to prevent adolescent pregnancy. Keywords: Adolescent pregnancy; family functioning; mother-daughter dyads; The root causes; Thailand
The Determinants of Nutritional Status of Workers in Manufacturing Sector Damayanti, Ratih; Lutfiya , Indah Lutfiya; Noviarmi, Fadilatus Sukma Ika Noviarmi
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2024): October - December
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v10i4.872

Abstract

Background:The manufacturing industry is a sector that transforms raw materials into finished goods. Nutritional status plays a critical role in determining a worker's productivity, with poor nutritional status often associated with reduced efficiency. Objective:This study aimed to analyze the relationship between various factors and the nutritional status of workers in the manufacturing sector in Surabaya, Indonesia. Methods:This analytical observational study utilized a cross-sectional design. Data collection was conducted from January to March 2023 among manufacturing workers at PT A in Surabaya, East Java Province, Indonesia. Of the total 500 workers, 370 respondents were selected as the study sample. Independent variables included gender, marital status, education level, smoking habits, number of children, exercise habits, contraceptive method usage, and workload level. The dependent variable was nutritional status. Statistical analysis was performed using the Spearman correlation test and the contingency coefficient correlation test to evaluate the relationships between variables. Results:The majority of workers at PT A were male, had a high school education, were married, had 1–2 children, did not use contraceptive methods, were non-smokers, exercised infrequently, and had a moderate physical workload. Significant associations were found between nutritional status and variables such as gender, marital status, contraceptive method usage, smoking habits, and workload level. However, no significant relationships were observed between nutritional status and educational background or the number of children. Conclusion:Among the factors examined, workload level demonstrated the strongest association with nutritional status, likely due to its direct impact on the physical activity required during job tasks. This finding highlights the importance of considering workload in strategies aimed at improving workers' nutritional health. Keywords:determinants; nutritional status; workforce; manufacturing industry
Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Mothers Attending Antenatal Care in Public Hospitals, Afar Region, North Eastern Ethiopia Edris, Hussen; SREEMANARAYANA , V.
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2024): October - December
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v10i4.874

Abstract

Background:Hepatitis B kills a large number of individuals every year all over the world. Despite the critical nature of this issue, the extent of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in the Afar Region remains unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the Prevalence of the Hepatitis B Virus and its associated factors among pregnant women Attending Antenatal Care in Public Hospitals in Afar, Ethiopia. Method:A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from August 1, 2023, to August 2, 2024, involving 442 pregnant women attending antenatal care at five public hospitals in the Afar Region. Structured and pretested questionnaires were used to collect socio-demographic data and associated factors. Blood samples were collected from each consenting participant after the interviews to assess their HBV status. The data was analyzed using SPSS, applying bivariate and multivariable logistic regression methods to identify associations and determine statistical significance, with a p-value threshold of less than 0.05. Result:The overall Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection was 12.7% (95% CI: 9.7-16.1). Hepatitis B virus infection had a significant association with a family history of the virus (AOR=3.92; 95% CI [1.26-12.14]), sharing sharp objects (AOR=3.83; 95% CI [1.16-12.6]), female genital mutilation (AOR=4.77; 95% CI [1.02-22.3]), extraction of teeth (AOR=5.22; 95% CI [2.54-10.7]), and hospital admissions (AOR=2.48; 95% CI [1.15-5.35]). Conclusion:This study revealed a high prevalence of HBV in specific public hospitals in Ethiopia's Afar regional state. The study found that a history of Hepatitis B virus in the family, sharing of sharp objects, having teeth extraction, hospital admission, and female genital mutilation are important risk factors that lead to the high viral Prevalence in the Afar Region. Establishing comprehensive prenatal screening programs, educating the public, and considering cultural considerations are essential to solving this public health issue. Keywords: hepatitis B prevalence; pregnant women; antenatal care; public hospitals, Ethiopia
Determinants of Tuberculosis Disease in the Coastal Area of Kulisusu Sub District, Indonesia Saparina L, Titi; Akbar , Muhammad Ikhsan; Tasnim, Tasnim; Mulyani, Sri; Noviati, Noviati
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2024): October - December
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v10i4.875

Abstract

Background:Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a significant public health issue in the coastal area of Kulisusu Sub-District, North Buton Regency, Indonesia. The prevalence of TB in this region has been increasing steadily, with 294 reported cases in 2023, compared to 281 cases in 2022. As an infectious disease, tuberculosis requires effective control strategies, which necessitate identifying its key determinants. Objective:This study aims to identify the risk factors associated with tuberculosis in Kulisusu Sub-District, North Buton Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Methods:This quantitative research employed a case-control study design. The study population consisted of 172 individuals, with a sample of 25 cases and 25 controls, selected through proportional random sampling and age matching. Data analysis was conducted using univariate and bivariate analysis, with statistical significance tested using the Odds Ratio (OR). Results:The Odds Ratio (OR) analysis revealed the following risk factors for tuberculosis: knowledge (OR = 11.156), income (OR = 4.333), smoking habits (OR = 8.500), and residential density (OR = 5.630). These findings indicate that poor knowledge, low income, smoking habits, and high residential density are significant risk factors for tuberculosis in the Kulisusu Sub-District. Conclusion:The key determinants of tuberculosis in Kulisusu Sub-District include knowledge, income, smoking habits, and residential density. Health promotion strategies aimed at reducing TB prevalence should focus on these factors, with comprehensive and sustainable approaches to prevention. Keywords:knowledge; income; smoking habits; residential density; tuberculosis; Indonesia
The Risk Factors Contributing to The Occurrence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in The Small Island of South Sulawesi, Indonesia Susilawaty, Andi; Basri, Syahrul; Haerana, Bs Titi; La Ane, Ruslan; Mappau, Zrimurti; Ikhtiar, Muhammad
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2024): October - December
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v10i4.876

Abstract

Background:Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) has emerged as the leading cause of death among infectious diseases globally. This is attributed to a complex interaction of factors, including host-related risk factors, infecting agents, and environmental conditions. The Southeast Asia and West Pacific regions account for 58% of all tuberculosis cases, with Indonesia reporting the second highest prevalence of tuberculosis globally (10%), following India, which accounts for 23% of global cases. Objective:This study aimed to investigate the risk factors associated with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis on small islands in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Methods:This research employed a case-control study design. Several explanatory variables were considered: age, gender, knowledge, nutritional status, occupant density, ventilation area, humidity levels, and type of flooring. The occurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis was designated as the dependent variable. The study sample consisted of 240 respondents, with 120 cases and 120 controls, all residing on three small islands—Sembilan Island, Balang Lompo Island, and Salemo Island—all sharing similar characteristics. Results:The study identified several factors associated with an increased risk of pulmonary tuberculosis. These factors included gender (OR = 1.71, 95% CI 0.61-4.77), knowledge (OR = 3.143, 95% CI 1.06-9.26), occupant density (OR = 1.52, 95% CI 0.42-5.47), area of ventilation (OR = 6.00, 95% CI 1.17-30.72), humidity (OR = 3.763, 95% CI 1.03-13.64), and type of floor (OR = 1.144, 95% CI 0.41-3.16). In contrast, age and nutritional status were not identified as risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis. Conclusion:Environmental factors such as occupant density, area of ventilation, humidity, and type of floor were found to be significant risk factors for the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in small islands of South Sulawesi. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions addressing these modifiable environmental conditions to reduce the burden of tuberculosis. Keywords:risk factors; incidence; pulmonary tuberculosis; nutritional status; environmental factors; Indonesia
The effect of physiotherapy on anxiety, depression, and stress in chronic low back pain F. Abbas, Mustafa; N. A. Al-Hussari, Zena; S. Mahmood, Abdullah
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2024): October - December
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v10i4.877

Abstract

Background: Chronic low back pain has an impact on the patient’s life socially,financially, and psychologically, and little data is dealing with the effect of physiotherapy on improving this psychological burden. Objectives: to assess the effect of physiotherapy on depression, anxiety, and stress in those patients. Method: cross-sectional study was conducted at many of the neurology and physiotherapy clinics in Erbil (Iraq), with 40 patients who met the criteria of low back pain depending on the Back Pain Functional Scale, and for each patient, we determined the socio demographic characteristics and clinical ones. The anxiety, depression, andstress were assessed by the Depression, anxiety, and Stress Scale before and afterphysiotherapy. Results: of the 40 patients, there were 10 males (25 %), 19 were unemployed (47.5%), and 19 were uneducated (47.5%). There were 13 patients with another joint deformity (32.5%), and 34 patients were married. There was a significant improvement of depression (p=0.002) and improvement of anxiety (p=0.023), and the most significant was with improvement of stress (p=0.0001). Conclusion:physiotherapy can lead to the improvement of depression,anxiety,and stress in low back pain patients. Keywords:physiotherapy; anxiety; depression; stress; low back pain
Detection of rodent-borne intestinal helminths infestation in North Sumatra, Indonesia: A potential public health concern Hutagalung, Sunna Vyatra; Mardiani, Tengku Helvi; Albar, Marina Yusnita; Kurniawan, Ahadi; Sinaga, Ledy Afrida; Nasution, Hidayatullah; Hasibuan, Panusunan; Wardhana, April Hari
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2024): October - December
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v10i4.881

Abstract

Background:Studies indicate that approximately 75% of emerging infections in humans are zoonotic, originating from animals. Within the One Health framework, it is evident that recent global environmental changes have contributed to the widespread proliferation of rodents, increasing their interaction with human dwellings and subsequently elevating the risk of rodent-borne diseases. Rodents play a crucial role in the transmission of zoonotic pathogens, including various intestinal helminths such as the cestodes Hymenolepis nanaand Hymenolepis diminuta. Objective:The objective of this study was to identify zoonotic intestinal helminths present in the rodent population of North Sumatra. Methods:This descriptive cross-sectional study utilized purposive sampling and was conducted in three regencies of North Sumatra: Serdang Bedagai, Batu Bara, and Asahan. Rodents were captured using baited traps placed both inside and outside residential areas. Following species identification, the rodents were euthanized, and their intestines were dissected. The intestinal contents were macroscopically examined for the presence of adult helminths, then processed using the formalin-ether concentration technique (FECT) and microscopically analyzed for helminths and their eggs. Results:A total of 47 rodents were captured, with Rattus tanezumibeing the most prevalent species (59.6%), followed by Rattus norvegicus(29.8%) and Rattus tiomanicus(4.3%). Other species identified included Rattus argentiventer, Rattus exulans, and Mus musculus, each constituting 2.1% of the total sample. Seven species of intestinal helminths were detected in 37 of the rodents (78.8%), with most animals having co-infections involving multiple helminth species. Notably, Mus musculusshowed no evidence of infection, whereas the remaining rodent species exhibited a high transmission rate of intestinal helminths, ranging from 71.4% to 100%. The helminths identified were Nippostrongylus brasiliensis(61.7%), Moniliformis moniliformis(36.2%), Heligmosomoides polygyrus(27.7%), and the cestode Hymenolepis nana(8.5%). Additionally, Ascarids, Trichuris spp., and Hymenolepis diminutawere also detected, each with a prevalence of 4.3%. Conclusion:This study identified seven species of intestinal helminths in rodents captured in selected areas of North Sumatra, predominantly from Rattus tanezumiand Rattus norvegicus. Some of the identified helminths, such as Hymenolepis nanaand Hymenolepis diminuta, are known zoonotic pathogens, highlighting the public health risks associated with rodent-borne diseases.  Keywords:one health; zoonosis; rodents; infestation; helminths
Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Women of Childbearing Age at Unaaha Public Health Center, Konawe Regency Jayadipraja, Erwin Azizi; Natsir, Muh; Supodo, Timbul; Sukma, Komang Ayi
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. S1 (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v11iS1.846

Abstract

Introduction: The prevalence of DM at the Unaaha Health Center in 2017 was 1.12 per 1000 population, increased by 2018 to 2.4 per 1000 population and increased in 2019 by 4.6 per 1000 population. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors for the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in women of childbearing age at the Unaaha Public Health Center. Methods: This type of research is quantitative with a case control study design. The population is all women of childbearing age who as 378 people. The case sample is women of childbearing age who suffer from DM as many as 62 people taken by simple random sampling technique and the control sample is women of childbearing age who does not suffer from DM as many as 62 people taken by matching technique. Data analyzed by Chi-square test and Odd Ratio (OR) test. Results: The results of the chi-square test and OR for obesity p-value of 0.001 < (0.05) and OR = 3.561, for eating habits obtained p-value of 0.004 < (0.05) and OR = 3.214 as well as for blood pressure obtained p-value 0.000 < (0.05) and OR = 6.741. Conclusion: Obesity, eating habits, and blood pressure are risk factors for type 2 diabetes. Suggestions for the next researchers to conduct experimental research by implementing innovations that can reduce blood pressure and blood glucose levels in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

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