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INDONESIA
Public Health of Indonesia
Published by Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia
ISSN : 24771570     EISSN : 24771570     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Public Health of Indonesia is an International, peer-reviewed, and open access journal emphasizing on original research findings that are relevant for developing country perspectives including Indonesia. The journal considers publication of articles as original article, review article, short communication / brief reports, Education forum, letters to editor, case reports, etc. The journal covers population based studies, impact assessment, monitoring and evaluation, systematic review, meta-analysis, clinic-social studies etc., related to any domain and discipline of public health, specially relevant to national priorities, including ethical and social issues. Articles aligned with national health issues and policy implications are preferred.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 319 Documents
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The Effectiveness of Moringa Oleifera Seed Powder and Mixing Time (Fast-Low Speed) Using Jartest in Reducing Nitrate Levels in River Water Jayadipraja, Erwin Azizi; Iqbah, Indra Purnama; Ardiansyah, Ririn Teguh; Bahtiar, La Ode; Hidayat, Muh Taufik; Asrullah, Muhammad; Alamsyah, Ryan; Rauf, Rahman
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2024): July - September
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v10i3.826

Abstract

Background:Moringa oleiferais a fast-growing, long-lived plant that blooms throughout the year and can withstand extreme arid conditions. Objective:This study aims to examine the effectiveness of Moringa oleiferaseed powder in reducing nitrate levels in river water. Method:The research method employed in this study involved analysis using the Paired Sample Statistical Test. Result:The statistical test results revealed a significance value of 0.017 (p < 0.05) and a mixing time variation significance of 0.011 (p < 0.05). These values indicate that the null hypothesis (H0: there is no relationship between the independent and dependent variables) is rejected, while the alternative hypothesis (Ha: there is a relationship between the independent and dependent variables) is accepted. This implies a significant difference in the reduction of nitrate levels between the pretest and posttest data, demonstrating that the use of Moringaseed powder is effective in reducing nitrate levels. Conclusion:This study concludes that the administration of Moringaseed powder at a dose of 400 mg/L, with a mixing time of 2 minutes at a fast speed (80 rpm) and 20 minutes at a low speed (40 rpm), is most effective in significantly reducing nitrate levels in river water. Keywords:Moringa oleifera; nitrate levels; river water; Indonesia
The Effectiveness of Tawandakulo (Kleinhovia Hospita L.) On SGOT, SGPT Enzyme Levels, and Hepatocyte Regeneration in Paracetamol-Induced Rats Saranani, Muhaimin; Nurfantri, Nurfantri
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2024): July - September
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v10i3.828

Abstract

Background:Paracetamol is metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes into a highly toxic reactive metabolite, N-acetyl-p-benzoquinonimine (NAPQI), which can cause liver damage. Antioxidants play a crucial role in mitigating liver toxicity. Kleinhovia hospitaL. (also known as Tawandakulo) is a potent plant antioxidant due to its content of secondary metabolites, such as phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, and terpenoids. Objective:This study aimed to investigate the levels of SGOT and SGPT enzymes, as well as liver histopathology, as indicators of liver health. Methods:An experimental research design with a randomized post-test control group was used. The study involved 25 rats, randomly divided into five groups. Paracetamol was administered at a toxic dose of 2.5 g/kg body weight, dissolved in distilled water, and given orally through NGT no. 5. Results:The study found a decrease in SGOT levels in the treatment group and a significant reduction in SGPT enzyme levels between pre-intervention (P2) and post-intervention (P3). There was a significant change in enzyme levels in treatment group 2 (p = 0.00) and treatment group 3 (p = 0.03). However, no significant difference was observed in treatment group 4 (p = 0.09). Liver cells in treatment groups P1, P2, and P3 showed signs of regeneration, whereas cells in the control group did not regenerate. Group P4 exhibited slower liver cell regeneration than the other treatment groups. Conclusion:This study concludes that a decoction of Kleinhovia hospitaL. can stimulate liver cell growth and reduce SGOT and SGPT enzyme levels. Keywords: Kleinhovia hospitaL; SGOT; SGPT; Liver cell regeneration; Indonesia.
Structured Training Program About Breast Self Examination Toward Awareness and Behavior Among Women in Bengkulu City, Indonesia Jipri Suyanto; Sianipar, Berlian Kando; Danur Azissah Roeliana Sofais; Santhna Letchmi Panduragan
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2024): July - September
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v10i3.833

Abstract

Background:Indonesia, an emerging country, faces a substantial mortality rate due to breast cancer. This high mortality rate is largely attributed to a lack of knowledge and health literacy among women, which limits their ability to independently seek and understand relevant health information. As a result, a significant proportion of breast cancer patients are only informed that their cancer is in an advanced stage during health assessments, often due to worsening health conditions. Breast cancer carries a significant risk of mortality. Objective:The aim of this study was to examine the influence of a structured training program on breast self-examination (BSE) on women's awareness and behavior. Methods:This study employed a two-group quasi-experimental design involving women aged 26 to 35 over a period of 4 months. Awareness and behavior were assessed before and after receiving organized training. A self-designed questionnaire was utilized, which was validated for its reliability. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. A total of 250 participants were included, with 125 in the intervention group and 125 in the control group. An unpaired group comparison test of awareness and behavior data was performed using the Mann-Whitney test to evaluate the differences between the control and treatment groups after the intervention. Results:The mean ± standard deviation of awareness in the control group was 45.12 ± 15.830 before the intervention and 47.96 ± 16.754 after. The mean score for post-intervention awareness in the control group was 13.67. The mean rank for awareness in the intervention group increased from 64.69 before the intervention to 45.87 after. The average rank for behavior in the control group increased from pre-control to post-control, reaching 31.80, while the behavior in the intervention group increased from pre-control to post-control, reaching 45.87. Conclusion:The results revealed a significant difference between the control group and the intervention group. A structured training program can effectively improve awareness and behavior related to routine breast self-examinations. Keywords: structured training program; breast self-examination; awareness; behavior
Autocorrelation Spatial Based on Specific Nutritional Interventions Achievement with Stunting Cases in Toddlers at Kendari City Using Local Indicator of Spatial Autocorrelation (LISA) Method Pertiwi, Tria Saras; Nurmalasari, Mieke; Qomarania, Witri Zuama; Supryatno, Adi; Saputra, Alief Imran; Salim, Agus
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2024): July - September
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v10i3.834

Abstract

Background:Stunting is a priority target both globally and in Indonesia. There are 10 provinces in Indonesia that are the main focus of the stunting reduction program, one of which is Southeast Sulawesi Province. Kendari City, located in Southeast Sulawesi, has experienced an increase in stunting incidence over the past three years. However, progress in reducing stunting in Kendari City has not been evenly distributed across its regions and sub-regions, with significant disparities in stunting rates between different sub-districts. Objective:To determine the spatial autocorrelation based on the achievement of specific nutritional interventions for toddlers and the incidence of stunting in Kendari City using the Local Indicator of Spatial Autocorrelation (LISA). Method:This quantitative study used the Local Indicator of Spatial Autocorrelation (LISA) method. The data on stunting incidence consisted of the number of stunting cases among toddlers in 2023 across 11 sub-districts in Kendari City. The sub-districts analyzed were Abeli, Baruga, Kadia, Kambu, Kendari, West Kendari, Mandonga, Nambo, Poasia, Puuwatu, and Wua-Wua. The study was conducted from November 2023 to May 2024 in Kendari City. A local autocorrelation test with LISA was performed to determine the spatial relationships among the sub-districts based on the research variables, with results displayed in the form of Moran's scatterplot, cluster map, and significance map. Results:The results of Moran's local bivariate test (LISA) indicated that the majority of sub-districts, particularly Kambu, exhibited significant positive autocorrelation with neighboring sub-districts and fell into the cold-spot category. This indicates that the number of specific nutritional intervention programs for toddlers and the cases of stunting in toddlers in 2023 were low in Kambu and its surrounding sub-districts, which also had similarly low values. Conclusion:There is spatial autocorrelation among the sub-districts in Kendari City. Although the cases of stunting in the Kambu sub-district are low, the achievement of intervention programs should remain optimal, as cases still exist in the area. Additionally, since Kambu has a spatial correlation with its neighboring areas, the government should target these areas for appropriate interventions to accelerate stunting reduction, particularly in Kendari City. Keywords:Spatial Autocorrelation; LISA; Specific Nutrition Interventions; Stunting Toddlers
Religious-Based Peer Education in Preeclampsia Prevention: Social Cognitive Theory and Information, Motivation, Behavioral Skill Model Approach to Improve Preeclampsia Preventive Behavior in Indonesia Rahmawati; Murti, Bhisma; Widyaningsih, Vitri
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2024): July - September
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v10i3.835

Abstract

Background:Preeclampsia is the second leading cause of maternal death, largely due to the failure to identify the condition early. Prevention behaviors for preeclampsia in pregnant women can be developed through the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) and the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) Model. Utilizing religious organizations with unique values and cultures to foster high levels of compliance, a Religious-Based Peer Education approach can optimize these preventive efforts. Objective:This research aims to analyze the influence of knowledge, skills, motivation, observational learning, husband's support, and self-efficacy on the formation of preeclampsia prevention behaviors. Methods:A non-equivalent pre- and post-test design was conducted in Bojonegoro district from August 2022 to February 2023. The sample consisted of 179 pregnant women in the intervention group and 168 in the control group. The intervention involved Religious-Based Peer Education, with peers being members of the Muslimat NU religious organization, while the control group received routine assistance from existing health cadres. Data were analyzed using path analysis. Results:The mean scores for knowledge, skills, and behavior in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group (13.81 vs. 12.34; 2.37 vs. 1.95; 30.33 vs. 28.19; p < 0.001). The strongest factors influencing the formation of preeclampsia prevention behavior were screening skills (b = 0.74, p = 0.010; 95% CI: 0.03–0.23) and self-efficacy (b = 0.36, p = 0.010; 95% CI: 0.23–0.48). Conclusion:The SCT and IMB models, when applied through Religious-Based Peer Education, have proven effective in improving preeclampsia prevention behaviors. Ongoing training for peers and consistent support for pregnant women are essential to identify high-risk pregnancies and prevent maternal complications. Keywords: social cognitive theory; information-motivation-behavioral skills model; preeclampsia; religious-based peer education; behavior
Healthcare Professional’ Roles Educate Exclusive Breastfeeding: A Qualitative Exploratory Study of Strategies and Challenges Mertasari, Luh; Duarsa, Dyah Paramita; Ani, Luh Seri; Kusuma, Anak Agung Ngurah Jaya; Bakta, I Made
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2024): July - September
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v10i3.837

Abstract

Background:The exclusive breastfeeding program has been in place for several years, but its implementation in various countries remains suboptimal. To reduce health risks for both mothers and children, exclusive breastfeeding education should begin as early as possible during pregnancy. Objective:This study aimed to explore models of exclusive breastfeeding education during pregnancy. Method:This study used a qualitative descriptive design with an exploratory approach. The sample included all parties involved in providing exclusive breastfeeding education within the Public Health Centers working areas of Buleleng I, Sukasada I, and II. The participants comprised 35 healthcare professionals, pregnant women, postpartum mothers, and hamlet heads. Data were collected through in-depth interviews using semi-structured interview guidelines until data saturation was reached. Interviews were conducted via video calls and private messages to confirm the transcription results. Results:Thematic analysis identified three main themes: Healthcare professionals’ roles, knowledge, attitudes, and support (including multiple roles, perceptions about exclusive breastfeeding education, and formal motivation and support); Education strategy and mechanisms (encompassing educational strategies, methods, preparation, location, schedule, time allocation, content, stages, media, and effectiveness evaluation); Challenges (such as lack of knowledge, maternal circumstances, and environmental conditions). Conclusion:Public health centers should provide structured education, with midwives playing a key role in promoting exclusive breastfeeding. The delivery of education should remain flexible to accommodate various conditions. Keywords:Breastfeeding; Child; Health knowledge; Midwifery; Postpartum period
The Effect of Emergency Situation Simulation on the Preparedness of Palu City Class IIA Detention Center Officers in response Earthquake Disaster Arwan
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2024): July - September
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v10i3.859

Abstract

Background: Indonesia's geographical location at the convergence of several tectonic plates makes it highly susceptible to various natural disasters, including earthquakes and tsunamis. Palu City, located in Central Sulawesi, is particularly vulnerable, as demonstrated by the devastating earthquake and tsunami that occurred on September 28, 2018. Objective: This study aims to improve the preparedness of officers at the Class IIA Palu Detention Center through targeted emergency simulation interventions. Methods: Employing a quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design, the study involved all 75 officers registered at the detention center. Data were collected using pretest and posttest questionnaires, which assessed preparedness across five parameters based on the LIPI-UNESCO/ISDR framework (2006). Results: The findings revealed a significant improvement in the officers' preparedness levels, with the average preparedness score increasing from 14.21 before the intervention to 19.25 afterward. The Paired-Samples T-Test confirmed the effectiveness of the emergency simulation, yielding a p-value of 0.001. Conclusion: This study highlights the critical role of continuous emergency simulations in enhancing disaster preparedness. It emphasizes the importance of active involvement from both the community and officers for effective disaster management. Keywords: disaster preparedness; emergency simulation; earthquake response; correctional facility safety; public health management
Clinical Spectrum and Factors Associated to Post Covid Syndrome in Healthcare Workers Sinaga, Joshua Princeman; Sinaga, Bintang Yinke Magdalena; Siagian, Parluhutan; Eyanoer, Putri Chairani; Samodra, Yoseph Leonardo
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2024): October - December
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v10i4.844

Abstract

Background:Post-COVID Syndrome (PCS) is a newly recognized condition reported by approximately 45% of individuals following COVID-19 infection. This syndrome is estimated to affect the health-related quality of life in 10–30% of affected individuals. Objective:To examine the characteristics of Post-COVID Syndrome among healthcare workers at Adam Malik Hospital. Methods:This study employed a cross-sectional descriptive design. Data were collected using structured questionnaires administered to healthcare workers at Adam Malik Hospital who had contracted COVID-19 between 2020 and 2022. Results:A total of 120 participants were included in the study. The sample was predominantly female (78.3%), with the youngest age group (19–30 years) comprising 37.5% of participants. Most participants had direct exposure to patient care (78.3%) and were confirmed COVID-19 positive in 2021 (42.5%). Notably, 45.0% of participants were unvaccinated, 20.9% had a history of hospitalization, and 78.3% experienced mild COVID-19 infections. Hypertension was identified as the most common comorbidity. Participants were categorized as experiencing Acute PCS (43.9%) or Chronic PCS (56.1%), with both groups exhibiting similar predominant symptoms, including fatigue, persistent cough, memory impairment, and cognitive difficulties. Statistically significant associations were identified between PCS and variables such as sex (p=0.004, OR=0.27), age (p=0.015, OR=4.46), severity of prior COVID-19 infection (p=0.040, OR=1.77), vaccination status (p<0.001, OR=3.82), and the presence of comorbidities (p=0.025, OR=2.53). Conclusion:Post-COVID Syndrome is characterized by multifactorial etiologies and heterogeneous clinical manifestations. Factors such as gender, age, vaccination status, comorbid conditions, and severity of prior infections were significantly associated with PCS outcomes. Gender-related differences, potentially influenced by immune response, hormonal mechanisms, and antibody production, appear to contribute to variations in PCS manifestations. These findings underscore the need for further research to elucidate the epidemiology, clinical presentations, and pathological mechanisms underlying this emerging post-viral condition.  Keywords:Post-COVID Syndrome; healthcare workers; COVID-19; clinical manifestations; post-viral sequelae
The Utilization of Herbal Products for Public Health in Indonesia: The Role of Social Influence and Health Value on Intentions to Use Herbal Products Widyaningtyas, Dian
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2024): October - December
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v10i4.845

Abstract

Background:The utilization of herbal products has gained increasing recognition within the healthcare sector. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly influenced public demand and behavioral shifts toward herbal product usage. Additionally, the distribution of these products has become more widespread. Objective:This study aims to identify the factors influencing public intentions to use herbal products, with a particular focus on the roles of social influence and health value. Method:The study utilized a sample of 275 primary data points collected from consumers of herbal products in major cities across Indonesia. Responses were measured using a five-point Likert scale. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to examine the relationships between social influence, attitudes, health value, and the intention to use herbal products. The survey consisted of two parts: the first gathered demographic and personal information for classification purposes, while the second comprised questions related to four variables that explored respondents' perceptions of herbal products. Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis was used to investigate these phenomena. Results:The findings revealed that health value significantly influences the intention to use herbal products (p-value = 0.000; t-statistic = 26.909). Similarly, attitudes were shown to have a significant effect on intention (p-value = 0.038; t-statistic = 2.083). Conclusion:The study demonstrates that health value and attitude positively influence the intention to use herbal products. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of trends in herbal product consumption and their implications for public health in Indonesia. Keywords:herbal products; social influence; health value; public health; Indonesia
Anemia in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: Exploring the Interplay Between Antiretroviral Therapy, Opportunistic Infections, Iron Status, and Anemia Murtiani, Farida; Tanjungsari, Dian Wahyu; Shidiq, Achmad; Herlina, Herlina; Dinar Widiantari, Aninda; Nurhayati, Nurhayati; Wirasmi, Sundari; Despitasari, Mieska; Yulianto, Aris; Hendarwan, Harimat
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2024): October - December
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v10i4.848

Abstract

Background:Anemia is a prevalent hematological complication among individuals with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), contributing significantly to increased morbidity and mortality. This study investigates the intricate relationships between antiretroviral therapy (ART), opportunistic infections (OIs), iron metabolism, and anemia in HIV-positive patients in Indonesia. Objective:To elucidate the multifactorial associations among ART regimens, opportunistic infections, iron biochemical parameters, and anemia development in individuals living with HIV. Method:A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted at Sulianti Saroso Infectious Disease Hospital, Indonesia, from July to November 2023. The study involved 300 adult HIV-positive patients undergoing ART, with exclusion criteria encompassing pregnant or postpartum individuals, those with recent blood transfusions, and patients with chronic kidney diseases. Data collection included anemia status, ART regimen details, history of opportunistic infections, and iron metabolic profiles (serum iron, total iron-binding capacity [TIBC], and ferritin levels). These were obtained through systematic medical record reviews and laboratory diagnostics. Descriptive statistics, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were employed to explore predictive factors for anemia. Results:The study identified an anemia prevalence of 24.3%, with significantly higher rates among female patients (p = 0.004) and older age groups (p = 0.031). Multivariate regression analysis highlighted critical predictors of anemia: second-line ART (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.536, p = 0.028), serum iron concentrations (AOR: 0.984, p < 0.001), ferritin levels (AOR: 1.002, p = 0.023), and absolute lymphocyte count (AOR: 0.516, p = 0.003). Conclusion:The findings emphasize the necessity of longitudinal monitoring of hematologic and biochemical parameters to enhance anemia management in HIV-infected populations. The complex interplay between ART regimens, immune status, and iron metabolism underscores the importance of tailored, patient-centered clinical interventions.  Keywords:anemia; HIV; antiretroviral therapy; opportunistic infections; iron metabolism

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