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Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry

PJD
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Published by Universitas Padjadjaran

ISSN : 19790201 EISSN : 25496212 DOI : -

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry or known as PJD, is an English-language scientific periodicals published by the Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran thrice a year on every March, July and November. The submission process of manuscript is open throughout the year. All submitted manuscripts will go through the double-blind peer review and editorial review before being granted with acceptance for publication. Designed as a medium of information and scientific knowledge, Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry publishes numerous research articles, in the area of Oral Biology, Dental Material Science and Technology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Pedodontics, Dental Public Health and Community Dentistry, Conservative Dentistry, Periodontics, Prosthodontics, Orthodontics, Oral Medicine, Dental Radiology, as well as with their development through interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approach. Initially published as Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry (PJD) magazine ISSN 1979-0201(print) on 2007 in form of printed issues. In 2017, the magazine had its online published version under the same with ISSN 2549-6212 (online) in accordance with the policy of LIPI. Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry has been using Open Journal System requiring all writers to register in advance before they are allowed to upload the manuscript they write online. Afterwards, the editors, peer reviewers, and writers can monitor the manuscript processing. Several other changes are informed in the Journal History.

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Articles 1,009 Documents

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β-Carotene gingival mucoadhesive patch on Cx-43 and 8-Oxo-dg expression to prevent micronucleus formation due to panoramic radiography exposure Shantiningsih, Rurie Ratna; Suwaldi, Suwaldi; Astuti, Indwiani; Mudjosemedi, Munakhir
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 31, No 1 (2019): March 2019
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Introduction: β-carotene as a lipid-soluble antioxidant substance, expected to prevents the oxidative reaction and to improve the junctional communication detected by Cx-43. Micronucleus is known as one of the early markers of DNA damage which might be related to carcinogenesis mechanism that increased by panoramic radiography radiation exposure. The objective of this research was to analyse the effect of the β-carotene gingival mucoadhesive patch on Cx-43 expression and 8-oxo-dG to prevent micronucleus formation at the gingival mucosa of New Zealand rabbit due to panoramic radiography radiation exposure. Methods: β-carotene gingival mucoadhesive patch was applied to gingival mucosa of the experimental rabbits. In Group I, the rabbits without patch was a control group. Group II has applied the patch before radiography exposures, Group III during the radiography exposures, and Group IV after radiography exposures. Micronucleus samples were taken from the rabbit’s swabbed gingival mucosa, then stained using modified Feulgen-Rossenbeck. The 8-oxo-dG and Cx-43 expressions were detected using immunohistochemistry technique. The results were then analysed using two-way ANOVA. Results: The increasing number of micronucleus in Group I had a different mean (p < 0.05) with Group III and IV. The expression of 8-oxo-dG and Cx-43 had significant differences (p < 0.05) between Group I and III. This results indicated that β-carotene gingival mucoadhesive patch prevents the increasing number of micronucleus especially when it applied before and during panoramic radiography radiation exposure by the increasing Cx-43 and decreasing 8-oxo-dG expression. Conclusion: The β-carotene gingival mucoadhesive patch can be utilised to prevent the panoramic radiography radiation exposure’s effect. Keywords: β-carotene, gingival-mucoadhesive patch, micronucleus, radiation exposure

Effect of chitosan as a coupling agent and types of stabiliser of zirconia filler on nanocomposite hardness Putri, Tansza Permata Setiana; Manurung, Rosida; Usri, Kosterman; Purwasasmita, Bambang Sunendar
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 30, No 1 (2018): March 2018
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Introduction: Nanocomposite has been developed as a dental restoration. Nano-scale filler can result in high mechanical properties and good esthetic. Nanofiller materials such as partially stabilised zirconia (PSZ) has been recommended for dental use. This form of zirconia can be stabilised by the addition of several different oxides such as magnesia and calcia. Chitosan as a coupling agent was able to increase the nanocomposite’s mechanical properties. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the nanocomposite’s hardness value with and without the addition of chitosan as a coupling agent as well as a different stabiliser of zirconia filler. Methods: Procedures of this research consisted of several stages which were the fabrication of nanocomposite and mechanical properties measurement using the Vicker’s hardness testing. Results: The nanocomposite’s hardness value (kg/mm2) with zirconia filler stabilised by MgO without the addition of chitosan was as much as 5.09 and with the addition of chitosan was 7.51; the nanocomposite ’s hardness number with zirconia filler stabilised by CaO without the addition of chitosan was 8.16 and with the addition of chitosan was 13.13. The results were then analysed statistically using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test and showed a significant difference between all of those data groups. Conclusion: The addition of chitosan as well as different stabiliser (MgO and CaO) of Zirconia filler had affected the nanocomposite ’s hardness value.

Evaluation of the basic surface roughness of an ISO-certified and non-ISO-certified slot bracket with an atomic force microscope Jusup, Chrisni Oktavia; Soemantri, Eky Setiawan Soeria; Mardiati, Endah; Evangelina, Ida Ayu
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 31, No 2 (2019): July 2019
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Introduction: The base surface roughness of slot bracket can affect friction in tooth movement. There are ISO-certified and non-ISO-certified stainless steel brackets on the market. Thus orthodontists must be careful in choosing the right bracket. This study was aimed to evaluate the differences of the surface roughness of ISO-certified and non-ISO-certified Roth 0.022 inch stainless steel bracket with the parameter of S a (average roughness). Methods: This research was a laboratory observational. Samples were taken randomly as many as 32 brackets divided into two groups, each consisted of two bracket brands. Surface roughness measurements were performed using an atomic force microscope (AFM), then the data were analysed by ANOVA test (p < 0.05) and Post-Hoc analysis. Results: The ISO-certified bracket has an S a value smaller than the non-ISO-certified bracket. There was a significant difference in the surface roughness of the ISO-certified and non-ISO-certified slot bracket base (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The ISO-certified bracket has a smoother base surface than the non-ISO-certified bracket base.Keywords: Surface roughness, stainless steel slot bracket, atomic force microscope

Preliminary study on cells viability based on toxicity effect of varnish fluoride made from Indonesian de-waxed shellac Djustiana, Nina; Takarini, Veni; Hasratiningsih, Zulia
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 31, No 2 (2019): July 2019
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Introduction: Varnish fluoride has the ability to prevent enamel demineralization. De-waxed shellac that mostly used for fruits coating, now is applied as varnish fluoride materials. This de-waxed shellac is quite potential since the product can be found from Indonesian sources. The research aims to describe the toxicity effect of varnish fluoride made of de-waxed shellac by measuring the viability of the fibroblast cells. Methods: The research method that was used in this study is in vitro experimental method, which using the tooth that had been smeared with varnish fluoride contacted with fibroblast cells REF (Rat Embryonic Fibroblast) for 4, 8, and 24 hours. The toxicity effect of varnish fluoride was then measured by cell viability. Results The results show that the average cells viability on 4 hours contacted tooth was 88%, while average cells viability on 8 hours contacted tooth was 74%, and lastly the average cells viability on 24 hours contacted tooth was 63%. Conclusion: The conclusion of this preliminary study on cells viability based on toxicity effect of varnish fluoride made from Indonesian de-waxed shellac are different based on contacted time.Keywords: Cell viability, toxicity effect, varnish fluoride, Indonesian de-waxed shellac

Prevalence of Molar Incisors Hypomineralisation (MIH) in primary school children Praptiwi, Yenni Hendriani; Prayitno, Natanael Dwi; Sukmasari, Susi
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 31, No 2 (2019): July 2019
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Introduction: Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) is an enamel defect with white, yellow or black colour due to minerals insufficient during tooth development. The abnormality of prismatic enamel structures and tooth hypersensitivity on patients with MIH may disturb the success rate of restoration. The objective of this research was to determine the prevalence of MIH in primary school children. Methods: A cross-sectional study with purposive sampling on 619 primary school children at Pasteur Urban Village of Bandung City, Indonesia. All dentition were scored using the European Association of Paediatric Dentist (EAPD) MIH scoring sheet, and oral hygiene status assessment with simplified OHI. All data were descriptively described using distribution table. Results: Distribution of MIH on total of 619 children were scored as follows: 0,1,1a, 2, 2a, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,10 (0 = free enamel defect; 6, 7, and 8 = alteration to non MIH; 1 -5 and 9 -10 = MIH) with frequencies 417(67.36%), 39(6.30%), 60(.65%), 13(2.10%), 0(0.00%), 7(1.13%), 0(0.00%), 4(0.65%), 0(0.00%), 26(4.20%), 58(9.36%), 0(0.00%), and 49(7.91%) respectively. Conclusion: Prevalence of children with MIH in primary school is quite high (19% (118 out of 619 participants)). The highest prevalence is found at the 11 years old group with 49 participants (36.84%), while the prevalence in boys (83 (62.4%)) is found to be higher than girls (50 (37.59%)).Keywords: Prevalence, Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH), primary school children

Inhibition of namnam (Cynometra cauliflora L.) leaves extract on the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis Ulpiyah, Zakiyya; Shita, Amandia Dewi Permana; Wahyukundari, Melok Aris
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 31, No 2 (2019): July 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran

Introduction: Porphyromonas gingivalis growth should be prevented to minimise inflammation in periodontal tissues. Antibacterial herbs need to be considered because there are side effects caused by synthetic antibacterial drugs. Namnam (Cynometra cauliflora L.) leaves are known for having antibacterial effects. The purpose of this research was analysing the inhibition potential, and the highest inhibition concentration of namnam leaves extract on the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Methods: 24 samples were divided into 6 groups. The positive control group was given 0.2% chlorhexidine, and the treatment group was given various concentrations (100%, 80%, 60%, 40%, and 20%) of namnam leaves extract. The disc which spilled by various concentrations of namnam leaves extracts and 0.2% chlorhexidine was placed on a medium which has been inoculated by P. gingivalis, then incubated at 37ºC for 48 hours. The inhibition zone was measured using a vernier calliper. Results: The concentration of 100% had the highest average inhibition zone value, which was 11.43 mm. The content in namnam leaves extracts which serve as antibacterial were tannins, flavonoids, triterpenoids, saponins and quinones. Conclusion: Namnam leaves extract can inhibit the growth of P. gingivalis. 100% of namnam leaves extract has the highest antibacterial inhibition zone.Keywords: Antibacterial, Namnam leaves extract, periodontal disease, Porphyromonas gingivalis

Differences of young adult smokers and non-smokers saliva reviewed by salivary pH, viscosity, and volume Kusumaningrum, Dias Mareta; Tjahajawati, Sri; Rizali, Ervin
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 31, No 2 (2019): July 2019
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol31no2.22863

Introduction: Salivary pH, viscosity and volume play an important role in maintaining tooth and oral tissue integrity. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the difference of young adult smokers and non-smokers saliva reviewed by its pH, viscosity and volume. Methods: The research sample of 28 smokers and 24 non-smokers. Saliva was collected by spitting method then the pH, viscosity and volume was measured. The data was analyze using independent sample t-test and chi-square. Results: The result indicated that there was a significant difference in the mean value of salivary pH on smokers and non-smokers with p-value 0.000 (p < 0.05). There was a significant difference in the mean value of salivary viscosity on smokers and non-smokers with p-value 0.000 (p < 0.05.) There was a significant difference in the mean value of salivary volume on smokers and non-smokers with p-value 0.000 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The conclusion of the research showed that salivary pH of smokers was lower than non-smokers, salivary viscosity of smokers was higher than non-smokers and salivary volume of smokers was fewer than non-smokers.Keywords: Young adult, smokers, non-smokers, saliva, salivary pH, salivary viscosity, salivary volume

Modification of surface hydrophilicity of dental materials by ozone Artilia, Ira
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 31, No 2 (2019): July 2019
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Introduction: Gypsum, Portland, and apatite cement, and gypsum have been developed as dental materials for a long time. Similarity of the three materials leads to some relevant approaches to improve the characteristic of dental materials. Water reducing agent is commonly used in detergent or soap and also used as a conventional method in the cement industry to increase the handling and mechanical property. Cement paste mixed with water reducing agent is more flowable (ease handling), and the set mass is harder (mechanical property increased). However, it has a problem with biomaterial cement due to the biocompatibility. This water reducing agent is harmful to living tissue. Therefore, a new approach will be demonstrated in this research. Methods: In this study, the hydrophilicity of cement powder was modified by ozone gas treatment. Ozone gas treatment will be applied to modify the hydrophilicity of cement particles; therefore, it can act similar to the water reducing agent. Results: The hydrophilicity of gypsum, Portland, and apatite cement powder was significantly increased after ozone gas treatment. The hydrophilicity improvement of cement powder increased the ability of water to interact with the cement powder. The benefit is the flowability improvement of cement paste. Therefore, the manipulation index would also be increased. The mechanical property would be increased because the water added for manipulation was decreasing. Conclusion: Ozone gas treatment could improve the hydrophilicity of gypsum, Portland, and apatite cement powder.Keywords: Gypsum, Portland, apatite cement, hydrophilic, ozone

Silica coating application on heat-cured acrylic resin plates towards the surface hardness and the amount of residual monomers Suhono, Rosa Sharon; Wahyuningtyas, Endang; Ismiyati, Titik
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 31, No 2 (2019): July 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran

Introduction: Silica has been used as a coating material on acrylic resin denture plates to reduce the attachment of C. albicans, and acrylic resin denture coating application has been shown to increase the resistance. Acrylic resin as denture plate has many advantages, including good aesthetical aspect, easy to be manipulated, and relatively low costs. Acrylic resin also has disadvantages, namely the presence of residual monomers, low abrasion resistance, and broken easily. Residual monomers have poor biocompatibility and can weaken the mechanical strength of acrylic resin dentures. The purpose of this study was to analyse the silica coating application on heat-cured acrylic resin plates towards the surface hardness and the amount of residual monomers. Methods: This study used as much as 40 rod-shaped heat-cured acrylic resin specimens measured 13 x 13 x 2 mm. Specimens were divided into 2 groups (n = 20), namely the control group and the acrylic resin plate group applied with silica coating. Specimens in the treatment group applied with silica coating material using the dip-coating method. The surface hardness was tested using the Vickers hardness tester, and the amount of residual monomers was tested using gas chromatography. All data were analysed using an independent t-test. Results: Surface hardness in the group applied with silica coating was significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.05), while the remaining monomers of acrylic resin plate specimens in the group applied with silica coating were significantly lower than the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Silica coating increases the surface hardness and decreases the amount of residual monomer of heat-cured acrylic resin.Keywords: Silica coating, surface hardness, residual monomer, acrylic resin

Immunoexpression of Ki-67 in determining prognosis of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma Kintawati, Silvi; Pramesti, Hening Tjaturina
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 31, No 2 (2019): July 2019
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol31no2.22888

Introduction: Several researchers have been stated that the right prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) can be achieved through assessment of tumor clinical staging and tumor histopathological grading as well. The use of biomarker in histopathological grading is obviously helpful to ensure the prognosis. Objective of this study was to determine the correlation between expression of Ki-67 and histopathological grading of OSCC. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted by assessing 20 cases of paraffin-embedded OSCC derived from the Department of Pathology Anatomy of Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung in 2013. The OSCC performing was stained by hematoxylin-eosin. While, antibodies Ki-67 was used in immunohistochemistry reaction to determine the relation of expression of Ki-67 with histopathologic grade of OSCC for predicting a prognosis. Results: The result show that distribution of Ki-67 expression were vary from 20% to 80% in each case. Ki-67 intensity was also distributed from weak, moderate and strong. Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between Ki-67 immunoexpression and the histopathological grading of squamous cell carcinoma (p < 0.01), thus, Ki-67 can be used to predict a prognosis.Keywords: Immunoexpression, Ki-67, prognosis, oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma

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