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Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 19790201     EISSN : 25496212     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry or known as PJD, is an English-language scientific periodicals published by the Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran thrice a year on every March, July and November. The submission process of manuscript is open throughout the year. All submitted manuscripts will go through the double-blind peer review and editorial review before being granted with acceptance for publication. Designed as a medium of information and scientific knowledge, Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry publishes numerous research articles, in the area of Oral Biology, Dental Material Science and Technology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Pedodontics, Dental Public Health and Community Dentistry, Conservative Dentistry, Periodontics, Prosthodontics, Orthodontics, Oral Medicine, Dental Radiology, as well as with their development through interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approach. Initially published as Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry (PJD) magazine ISSN 1979-0201(print) on 2007 in form of printed issues. In 2017, the magazine had its online published version under the same with ISSN 2549-6212 (online) in accordance with the policy of LIPI. Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry has been using Open Journal System requiring all writers to register in advance before they are allowed to upload the manuscript they write online. Afterwards, the editors, peer reviewers, and writers can monitor the manuscript processing. Several other changes are informed in the Journal History.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,002 Documents
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Differences in the salivary flow rate, buffer capacity, and pH, based on the length of inhalants usage in bronchial asthma patients Sinaga, Naomi Tio Agustine; Wihardja, Rosilawati; Sari, Kartika Indah
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 34, No 1 (2022): March
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol34no1.29617

Abstract

Introduction: Asthma or bronchial asthma is a chronic respiratory tract inflammation process involving many cells, including their elements, and can cause severe and plentiful responses from the respiratory tract. Administration of inhalation drugs is the primary medication in treating bronchial asthma. Inhalants are given appropriately with dosage and usage period based on the severity level of bronchial asthma. This research aimed to analyse the differences in the salivary flow rate, buffer, and pH, based on the length of inhalants usage in bronchial asthma patients. Methods: The research was descriptive-comparative involving 40 bronchial asthma patients (6 male and 34 female) from the Community Lung Health Center of Bandung, taken as samples using the central theorem limit sampling method. The subjects were ordered to collect their saliva in the saliva collection cups with a draining method. Then, the salivary flow rate, buffer, and pH were examined. Data distribution was tested, resulting in normally distributed data; thus, a parametric independent t-test with a significant level of 0.05 was applied. Results: Subjects in the group of inhalant usage for more than ten years had low and very low categories of salivary flow rate, buffer, and pH. There were significant differences in the salivary flow rate, buffer, and pH of the bronchial asthma patients based on their length of inhalants usage (1-5 years; >5 years–10 years; >10 years; p<0.05). Conclusions: There are differences in the salivary flow rate, buffer, and pH based on the length of inhalants usage in bronchial asthma patients. The longer the usage period, the lower the salivary flow rate, buffer, and pH.
The relationship of the formation of dental fear between mothers and their 7 to 9 year-old children Cheema, Jasmine Kaur; Gartika, Meirina; Herdiyati, Yetty
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 34, No 1 (2022): March
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol34no1.38870

Abstract

Introduction: Dental fear is a common occurrence that responds to the stress induced by various dental procedures. Its intensity varies from nervousness and anxiety to dental phobia, and it is considered the main barrier to successful completion of treatment. This research aims to analyse the relationship of the formation of dental fear between mother and their 7 to 9-year-old children. Methods: The research design was analytical studies with a cross-sectional survey technique, with samples chosen by the simple random sampling method. Thirty-five mothers and children aged 7-9 years who attended Neglasari 2 and Neglasari 5 Public Elementary School, Sadang Serang, Bandung, were the respondents. This study used a questionnaire called the Dental Subscale of the Children's Fear Survey Schedule (CFSS-DS), tested and proven to be a reliable and valid psychometric instrument for dental fear evaluation in children in Bahasa Indonesia. This study was analysed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Results: The mean score of the mothers was 24.314, and the mean score of the children was 23.571.  The correlation value was 0.765. The figure scales in the 'strong' criteria. Conclusion: There is a strong relationship between the formation of dental fear in mothers and their 7-9 years-old children.
Efficacy of platelet-rich fibrin application for improving collagen density of gingival connective tissue in periodontitis-induced rabbits Nasution, Aini Hariyani; Dewanti, Wenny
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 34, No 1 (2022): March
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol34no1.31891

Abstract

Introduction: Due to the high prevalence of periodontal diseases that increase the possibility of tooth loss, platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) as a regenerative treatment has been proposed. PRF is a potential second-generation platelet concentrate and autologous healing biomaterial which contain growth factors that accelerate wound healing mechanisms. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of platelet-rich fibrin application to improve gingival connective tissue collagen density in periodontitis-induced rabbits. Methods: An experimental study with a post-test only control group design approach was conducted on 20 samples calculated using the Federer formula. Periodontitis was induced in ten rabbits with silk ligatures tied around the cervical region of central incisors teeth bilaterally for 14 days. After periodontitis occurred, phase I treatment was performed and followed by curettage. PRF was placed in the lower region as a treatment group using a split-mouth design, whereas a control group without PRF was in the upper jaw region. Subjects were euthanised after the 7th and 14th days of healing. Histopathological analysis was performed, and collagen density was quantified using ImageJ software. Statistical analysis was carried out using paired-T and two-way ANOVA tests. Results: There was a significant difference (p=0.001; p<0.05) in gingival connective tissue collagen density between treatment and control groups on the 7th and 14th days of observation. There was a significant increase in gingival connective tissue collagen density in the treatment group. Conclusion: Platelet-rich fibrin could improve gingival connective tissue collagen density in periodontitis-induced rabbits.
The MIC and MBC of calcium hydroxide medicament against bacteria that cause chronic periapical abscess in the vulnerable initial 7-days of endodontic treatment Putri, Chany Mony Dwiayu; Prisinda, Diani; Malinda, Yuti
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 34, No 1 (2022): March
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol34no1.28638

Abstract

Introduction: The primary aetiology of chronic periapical abscesses, including E. faecalis, S. mutans, S. sanguinis, and P. gingivalis, can be eliminated using intracanal medicaments such as calcium hydroxide. The purpose of this study was to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) value of calcium hydroxide paste in the vulnerable initial 7-day of treatment against E. faecalis ATCC 29212, S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. sanguinis ATCC 10556, and P. gingivalis ATCC 33277. Methods: An in-vitro laboratory experiment using a spectrophotometer as a microdilution method was conducted to determine bacteria's MIC and MBC values on calcium hydroxide paste. The sample used in this study was four bacteria using intracanal medicament of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), incubated for seven days at 37°C, and then bacterial growth was observed. The cell inhibition percentage was calculated using optical density measurements to determine the MIC value. The low MIC and MBC were defined as sensitive bacteria to calcium hydroxide. Results: Calcium hydroxide paste against E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) with MIC values at a concentration of 750 μg/ml and MBC values at a concentration of 96,000 μg ml; S. mutans (ATCC 25175) with MIC value at a concentration of 3,000 ug/ml and MBC value at a concentration of 48,000 ug/ml; S. sanguinis (ATCC 10556) with MIC value at a concentration of 3,000 ug/ml and MBC value at a concentration of 6,000 ug/ml; P. gingivalis (ATCC 33277) with MIC value at a concentration of 6,000 ug/ml and MBC value at a concentration of 48,000 ug ml. Conclusions: Calcium hydroxide can inhibit bacterial growth activity. E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) and S. sanguinis (ATCC 10556) are more sensitive to calcium hydroxide paste than other bacteria, with the lowest MIC and MBC on seven days of incubation since the maximum calcium and hydroxyl ions are released.
The controlled release profile of risedronate emulgel to inhibit relapse movement in orthodontic treatment Utari, Tita Ratya; Kurniawan, Muhammad Fariez; Andewa, Shylvia Muchsin
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 34, No 1 (2022): March
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol34no1.32628

Abstract

Introduction: Relapse is one of the undesirable effects of orthodontic treatment. Prevention of relapse has been carried out with the use of retainer devices. Several studies also have been carried out to prevent relapse with pharmacological agents such as bisphosphonates. One of the strongest bisphosphonates is risedronate. Systemic use of bisphosphonates can cause bisphosphonate-related necrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). Systemic effects can be minimised by topical preparations locally, where the virgin coconut oil (VCO) emulgel is one of the topical preparations which controls the release of drugs. This study aims to analyse the release profile of risedronate emulgel as a material to inhibit relapse movement. Methods: This research was conducted in an experimental laboratory. Group 1 was emulgel without bisphosphonate risedronate with virgin coconut oil (VCO), Group 2 was VCO emulgel with bisphosphonates risedronate, and Group 3 was a pure bisphosphonate risedronate solution. Each group weighing 100 mg was placed in 10 ml PBS, and the release test was conducted with UV/VIS Spectrophotometer wavelength λ 262 nm at intervals of 1, 2, 4, 8, 24, 48, and 96 hours with three replications at each group. Results: Grup 2 yielded a controlled drug release of risedronate until 96 hours, while a pure solution of risedronate resulted in an uncontrolled drug release of risedronate, which was released entirely in 4 hours. Conclusion: Risedronate emulgel with VCO had a controlled drug release compared to pure bisphosphonate solution to potentially be applied topically to inhibit relapse movement.
Effectiveness of green tea, bay leaf, and lime peel extracts as toothpastes active agents for extrinsic stain removal on teeth, artificial teeth, and denture base Annisa, Mutiara; Kanina, Puteri Aulia Rizqi; Hamid, Nur Liyana Binti; Nuryanti, Archadian
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 34, No 1 (2022): March
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol34no1.32236

Abstract

Introduction: Tea consumption causes extrinsic stain formation on teeth and denture surfaces, affecting personal appearance. Herbal plants extract such as green tea, bay leaf, and lime peel are potentially active agents for extrinsic stain removal. This study aimed to analyse the effectiveness of green tea, bay leaf, and lime peel extracts as toothpaste active agents for extrinsic stain removal on teeth, artificial teeth, and denture base. Methods: Twenty-five post-extracted human permanent central incisors, 25 artificial teeth, and 25 heat polymerised acrylic resin denture base (20x20x10mm) were divided into three treatment groups and two control groups. Pictures of all specimens were taken before and after stain induction and after brushing. All specimens were immersed in a tea solution made from 2 grams of tea and 100ml of 100°C boiled water to induce extrinsic stain. The immersion process was repeated every 24 hours for seven days. All specimens were then brushed using an automatic toothbrushing machine for 70 seconds on each surface, 200 grams loads, and five speeds/second. Toothpaste used for brushing were three different active agent toothpaste (treatment groups), no active agent toothpaste, and commercial whitening (control groups). Colour index analysis of the specimen pictures computerised by CIELAB method. The data were analysed by one-way ANOVA (α=0.05). Results: Green tea, bay leaf, and lime peel extract toothpaste and positive control had higher L-values of extrinsic stain removal than essential toothpaste on all specimens. There was a significant difference between green tea, bay leaf, and lime peel extract toothpaste and negative control toothpaste (p<0.05), while no significant difference was found when compared to the positive control toothpaste (p>0.05). Conclusion: Green tea, bay leaf, and lime peel extract toothpaste are effective as extrinsic stain removal on teeth and acrylic resin denture base because of abrasive materials that work together with the active agents such as epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in green tea, eugenol in bay leaf, and naringin in lime peel.
Effectiveness of ChKM solution compared to triple-antibiotic paste as an intracanal medicament for bacteria that cause a chronic periapical abscess Malinda, Yuti; Azhara, Dea Hanin; Harnung, Kartikaning; Prisinda, Diani
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 34, No 1 (2022): March
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol34no1.28642

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic periapical abscesses are caused by polymicrobial bacteria, including E. faecalis, S. mutans, S. sanguinis, and P. gingivalis. These bacteria can be eliminated with chlorophenol camphor menthol (ChKM) solution and triple-antibiotic paste (TAP) as an intracanal medicament. This study compared the effectiveness of ChKM solution to triple-antibiotic paste as an intracanal medicament for bacteria that cause a chronic periapical abscess. Methods: An experimental laboratory was conducted in-vitro with the microdilution method and optical density measurement using a spectrophotometer. The cell inhibition percentage was calculated to determine the MIC value. The MBC values were confirmed by cultivating the Mueller Hinton Agar samples, incubating them at 37°C for 24 hours, and observing bacterial growth. Bacteria did not grow in the medium at MBC value. The lower MIC and MBC were sensitive and could be an effective medicament choice. Results: The MIC ChKM solution inhibits E. faecalis ATCC 29212, S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. sanguinis ATCC 10556, and P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 were 4000, 4000, 2000, and 2000 µg/mL consecutively. While MIC of TAP were 6, 0.375, 0.75, and 1.5 µg/mL, respectively. Moreover, MBC of the ChKM solution were 32000, 32000, 8000, 8000 µg/mL and MBC of the TAP were 768, 24, 24, 96 µg/mL. Conclusions: ChKM solution and TAP effectively inhibited and killed E. faecalis, S. mutans, S. sanguinis, and P. gingivalis as an intracanal medicament, as seen from the MIC and MBC values. However, TAP is more effective than the ChKM solution because MIC and MBC values of TAP are much lower than the ChKM solution. This finding indicated that TAP is more effective at the lowest concentration than ChKM solution. It should be highlighted that this was an in-vitro study involving specific microbes; thus, further clinical research is needed.
The effect of Indian jujube leaves extract in inhibiting the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis Pratiwi, Gracia Yodianvi; Mandalas, Henry Yonatan; Sugiaman, Vinna Kurniawati
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 34, No 1 (2022): March
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol34no1.33007

Abstract

Introduction: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that destroys tooth-supporting tissues and is associated with increased risk factors for systemic diseases. The main pathogen of periodontitis is the bacteria P. gingivalis, a Gram-negative, anaerobic, pleomorphic, coccobacillus, non-motile, and saccharolytic. The leaves of Indian jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.) have the main bioactive compounds such as saponins, tannins, and flavonoids which have antimicrobial activities against pathogenic microorganisms. This study aims to analyse various concentrations of the ethanol extract of Indian jujube leaves against P. gingivalis. Methods: The method used in this study was the disc diffusion test based on the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute. P. gingivalis preparation and the fresh leaves of Indian jujube collected from one of the plantations in Probolinggo, East Java. In this study, tests used various concentrations of Indian jujube leaves extract, namely 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100%. Data antibacterial activity was classified according to David and Stout’s inhibition zone classification. Results: Indian jujube leaves extract with a concentration between 10-30% had weak antibacterial activity, 40-60% had moderate antibacterial activity, and 70-100% had strong antibacterial activity. The largest inhibitory zone diameter against P. gingivalis was found at a concentration of 100%. Conclusion: Indian jujube leaves extract starting from a concentration of 70% can inhibit the growth of P. gingivalis with strong antibacterial activity.
Antibacterial activity of strawberry fruit extract against Streptococcus sanguinis ATCC 10556) Nurdin, Denny; Dharsono, Hendra Dian Adhita; Fatriadi, Fajar; Sahara, Elvi; Adang, Rahmi Alma Farah; Gondowidjojo, Yolanda Dwiutami; Kurnia, Dikdik
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 34, No 1 (2022): March
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol34no1.37043

Abstract

Introduction: Streptococcus sanguinis is a facultative anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria known as a pioneer that plays a role in creating the biofilm in the oral cavity. Strawberry fruit (Fragaria x ananassa) is an edible fruit widely used for the study as their active compound synergy to improve health. This study aims to analyse the antibacterial activity of strawberry fruit against S. sanguinis (ATCC 10556). Methods: An explorative study was conducted with high concentration methanol extract from strawberry fruit. Antibacterial activity was tested on the methanol extract; afterwards, the extract was fractionated and divided into three fractions: water, ethyl acetate, and hexane. Zone of inhibition was used to assess the most effective fraction among those three, then continued by testing for Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). Results: Inhibitory zone of the ethyl acetate fraction from strawberry fruit 1%, 2%, 3% ,4% and 5% sequentially were 7.3 mm,10.2 mm, 12.3 mm, 16.3 mm and 16.1 mm. Ethyl acetate fraction of 4% was the most effective to create the zone of inhibition with a size of 16.3 mm compared to the others. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) value was 0.25%. It was obtained by diluting a 4% ethyl acetate fraction on a microplate. The Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) was 2%. Conclusion: Ethyl acetate fraction was an effective fraction from strawberry fruit and had antibacterial activity against S. sanguinis with the inhibitory zone in the concentration of 4%, MIC of 0.25%, and MBC of 2%.
Evaluation of severity level, stress, and bad habit among dental students with exfoliative cheilitis Sivabalasundram, Sangary Sri; Herawati, Erna; Yohana, Winny
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 34, No 1 (2022): March
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol34no1.28781

Abstract

Introduction: Exfoliative cheilitis (EC) is one of the most common cheilitis found in the community. This lesion can cause difficulty in mouth opening, speech difficulties, and reduced aesthetical value of the lips. EC is a chronic inflammation characterised by desquamation, erythema, and crusting on the upper or lower lip. This study evaluated severity level, stress, and bad habit among dental students with exfoliative cheilitis. Methods: The method used in this research was descriptive with a total sampling method on the populations of dental students batch of 2016 to 2018 of the Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran, which obtained 83 dental students with EC. The lips were then examined, and data was recorded. EC was classified into three stages in clinical manifestation: mild, moderate, and severe exfoliative cheilitis. The data were presented with a simple frequency distribution table. Result: 30.1% of the research subjects had mild EC, 53% had moderate EC, and 16.9% had severe EC. The predisposing factors of EC in this research were stress and bad habits, where the percentage contribution were 53% and 16.9%, respectively. Students were also found with both stress and bad habits with a percentage contribution of 30.1%. Conclusions: Moderate exfoliative cheilitis is most commonly found with desquamation and erythema clinical features. The predisposing factor of exfoliative cheilitis is stress which has the highest percentage among dental students.

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