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Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 19790201     EISSN : 25496212     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry or known as PJD, is an English-language scientific periodicals published by the Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran thrice a year on every March, July and November. The submission process of manuscript is open throughout the year. All submitted manuscripts will go through the double-blind peer review and editorial review before being granted with acceptance for publication. Designed as a medium of information and scientific knowledge, Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry publishes numerous research articles, in the area of Oral Biology, Dental Material Science and Technology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Pedodontics, Dental Public Health and Community Dentistry, Conservative Dentistry, Periodontics, Prosthodontics, Orthodontics, Oral Medicine, Dental Radiology, as well as with their development through interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approach. Initially published as Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry (PJD) magazine ISSN 1979-0201(print) on 2007 in form of printed issues. In 2017, the magazine had its online published version under the same with ISSN 2549-6212 (online) in accordance with the policy of LIPI. Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry has been using Open Journal System requiring all writers to register in advance before they are allowed to upload the manuscript they write online. Afterwards, the editors, peer reviewers, and writers can monitor the manuscript processing. Several other changes are informed in the Journal History.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,009 Documents
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Enhancing clinical outcomes of regenerative periodontal treatment in periodontitis stage II grade B using platelet-rich fibrin: a case report Sari, Noormaya; Christianie, Christianie
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 37, No 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol37no3.62750

Abstract

Introduction: Periodontitis is a complex, multifactorial inflammatory disease of tooth-supporting tissues that can impair quality of life if left untreated. Therefore, treatment that can improve good clinical outcomes and last for a long time is needed. This case report aims to present the periodontal regenerative therapy of a patient with stage 3 grade B periodontitis using platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) combined with bovine bone graft and pericardium membrane. Case report: A 36-year-old female patient presented for treatment of her lower anterior teeth. She complained of gum bleeding, tooth mobility and discomfort when chewing food for one year. Clinical examinations showed deep periodontal pockets and alveolar bone loss up to half the length of the root of teeth 31 and 41. After the initial phase treatment, which comprises scaling and root planning, teeth contact point repairment, extra coronal fiber splint installation and occlusal adjustment are performed. The surgical phase treatment of regenerative therapy is then performed using PRF combined with bovine bone graft and pericardium membrane. Conclusion: Regenerative periodontal treatment using platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) combined with bovine bone graft and pericardium membrane is proven to improve clinical outcomes in pocket probing depth successful (PD) reduction, gain of clinical attachment level (CAL) and alveolar bone regeneration.
Effect of demineralized dentin matrix and chitosan of black soldier fly on osteoblast and osteoclast activity in post-extraction socket preservation: an experimental study Waty, Marsela Umbar; Dewi, Renie Kumala; Taufiqurrahman, Irham; Nahzi, Muhammad Yanuar Ichrom; Huldani, Huldani; Ganesh, Rajendran
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 37, No 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol37no3.63568

Abstract

Introduction: Alveolar bone remodeling is crucial because it represents a key component of oral rehabilitation. Dentin Demineralization Matrix (DDM) and chitosan Black Soldier Fly (BSF) pupae have osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties, influencing osteoblast and osteoclast activity. The objective of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of a combined gel of DDM and chitosan BSF pupae on osteoblast and osteoclast activity. Methods: Eighteen guinea pigs were divided into control (C) and treatment (T) groups. The mandibular left incisor was extracted, and in the C group, the socket was filled with polyethylene glycol (PEG) gel as a placebo, then sutured using non-absorbable silk. In the T group, the socket was applied with chitosan BSF pupae gel and DDM, then sutured with non-absorbable silk. The samples were euthanized on days 7, 14, and 21, followed by histological evaluation with Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E). Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test due to non-normal distribution. Results: There were significant increases in the number of osteoblasts and a decrease in the number of osteoclasts over time between days 7, 14, and 21. Kruskal-Wallis analysis showed a statistically significant difference (p=0.011, p<0.05). Conclusion: Application of a combined DDM and BSF-chitosan pupae enhanced osteoblastic activity while suppressing osteoclastic activity after tooth extraction. These findings indicate its potential as a biomaterial candidate for alveolar bone regeneration and future regenerative applications.
Correlation of knowledge, dietary, and caries prevention behavior with dental caries experience among adolescents: a cross-sectional study Subagio, Jessica Juliana; Suryanti, Netty; Setiawan, Asty Samiaty; Andiesta, Niekla Survia
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 38, No 1 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol38no1.65603

Abstract

Introduction: Adolescents are a high-risk group for dental caries, influenced by changes in dietary patterns and inadequate oral hygiene practices. Most interventions focus solely on improving knowledge; empirical evidence linking knowledge about cariogenic foods to actual behaviors related to caries experiences in adolescents is still limited in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the correlation between knowledge of cariogenic foods, dietary behavior, and caries prevention behavior and dental caries experience in adolescents. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional analytical method with a correlational approach, involving 149 students aged 15-18 years from Senior High School of Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia. The sample was selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using a newly developed questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. The questionnaire consisted of 11 items each on knowledge of cariogenic foods and dietary behavior, and 13 items on caries prevention behavior (oral hygiene behavior index). Dental caries experience was measured using the DMF-T index. Data were analyzed using the Spearman Correlation test. Results: Regarding knowledge of cariogenic foods, the majority of adolescents, 73 (48.99%), were categorized as having good knowledge. For dietary behavior, 103 (69.13%) adolescents were in the moderate category, and for caries prevention behavior, 99 (66.44%) adolescents were also in the moderate category. The average DMF-T index score was 8.11. The analysis showed no significant relationship between knowledge of cariogenic foods and dental caries experience (p = 0.264, r = 0.179). However, there was a significant relationship between dietary behavior (p = 0.000, r = 0.696) and caries prevention behavior (p = 0.000, r = 0.582) with dental caries experience. Conclusion: Dietary and caries prevention behaviors correlate with caries experience. However, knowledge about cariogenic foods does not correlate with caries experience.
Periodontal disease risk factors in elderly and older adults with diabetes mellitus comorbidity using the PRECEDE–PROCEED framework: a cross-sectional study Sabdho Wening, Gilang Rasuna; Mayasari, Yufitri; Kherul Anuwar, Ainol Haniza; Putra, M. Daffa Refasyah; Putri, Rinta Giska
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 38, No 1 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol38no1.66984

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases the risk and severity of periodontal disease, particularly among elderly populations. Behavioral and contextual determinants may further exacerbate periodontal vulnerability in individuals with DM. This study aimed to describe periodontal disease risk factors among elderly and older adults with diabetes mellitus using the PRECEDE framework, focusing on predisposing, reinforcing, and enabling factors. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 33 elderly and older adults with confirmed diabetes mellitus at the Dukuh Kupang Primary Health Center, Surabaya, Indonesia. Data were collected using structured questionnaires assessing predisposing (knowledge, dietary adherence, physical activity, medication use), reinforcing (family and healthcare support), and enabling factors (health service utilization), alongside clinical periodontal examination using the Harald Löe Plaque Index. Data were analyzed descriptively and presented as frequencies and percentages. Results:  Periodontal risk was categorized as moderate in 51.5% and high in 48.5% of respondents. Predisposing factors showed that 72.7% did not regulate food portions, 54.5% did not adhere to physician-recommended diets, 42.4% did not exercise regularly, and 21.2% did not consistently take antidiabetic medication. Reinforcing factors indicated that 39.4% reported limited family support for medication adherence and 18.2% reported insufficient health education support. Enabling factors revealed that 15.2% did not undergo regular blood glucose examinations and 18.2% did not routinely record glucose levels. Clinically, 57.6% had plaque index scores above the mean, indicating substantial plaque accumulation. Conclusion: Periodontal vulnerability among elderly individuals with diabetes mellitus is characterized by a convergence of unfavorable predisposing (21.2–72.7%), reinforcing (18.2–39.4%), and enabling (15.2–18.2%) factors. Strengthening behavioral modification strategies, social support systems, and structured diabetes monitoring within primary healthcare settings may be important to reduce the burden of periodontal disease.
Effect of diabetes mellitus as a modifier with periodontitis severity and oral health–related quality of life in older adults: a cross-sectional study Utami, Sri; Kusnanto, Hari; Pramono, Dibyo; Ratna Astuti, Novitasari Ratna; Hasnasari Heningtyas, Afina; Oktavia, Nova; Afrilyana Ulzanah, Fannisa
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 38, No 1 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol38no1.67700

Abstract

Introduction: The main complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) in the oral cavity is periodontitis. Periodontitis is one of the conditions that affects quality of life because it causes psychological discomfort, stress, interpersonal relationship problems, and difficulties in daily activities. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of diabetes mellitus as a modifier with periodontitis severity and oral health–related quality of life in older adults. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study, where this design can be used to provide the groundwork to infer preliminary evidence for a causal relationship. The subjects were 302 elderly individuals aged ≥ 60 years who still had at least 6 teeth representing 6 regions. The study variables were the severity of periodontitis, Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL), and diabetes mellitus (DM). Periodontitis was diagnosed using the classification from the American Association of Periodontology (AAP) and the European Federation of Periodontology (EFP) in 2018, using the Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL) indicator. The Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) was used to measure OHRQoL. DM status was diagnosed using HbA1c levels. Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression with a significance level of 0.05. Results: The majority of participants had severe periodontitis (73.8%) followed by moderate periodontitis (22.2%) and mild periodontitis (4%). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that there was an interaction between uncontrolled DM and periodontitis on OHRQoL (Adj.β = -11, p=0.05). Conclusions: Diabetes mellitus acts as a modifier effect on the relationship between the severity of periodontitis and OHRQoL. The more severe the periodontitis, the lower the OHRQoL. Uncontrolled DM influences the direct relationship between periodontitis severity and OHRQoL. The relationship between periodontitis severity and OHRQoL is stronger and more pronounced in uncontrolled DM
Cytotoxicity of β-tricalcium phosphate chitosan gelatin composite scaffold as a bone substitute: in vitro study Putri, Tansza Setiana; Eddy, Eddy; Pratiwi, Deviyanti; Kurniawan, Florencia Livia; Swe, Thet Thet
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 38, No 1 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol38no1.63795

Abstract

Introduction: Beta-tricalcium phosphate (βTCP) has higher solubility than hydroxyapatite (HA), allowing it to be more easily resorbed and replaced by newly formed bone. This higher solubility enables the release of calcium and phosphate ions that play important roles in bone remodeling and osteoblast activity; however, excessive ion release may lead to cytotoxic effects. Limestone, mainly composed of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), can serve as a calcium source for the fabrication of βTCP. βTCP scaffolds can be combined with organic components such as chitosan and gelatin to form composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the cytotoxicity of a β-tricalcium phosphate–chitosan–gelatin composite scaffold as a bone substitute. Methods: Type of research was experimental laboratory. Freeze-drying method was used to produce a composite scaffold which was divided into two groups: chitosan-gelatin scaffold as control group and βTCP-chitosan-gelatin scaffold (each group consisted of three samples) To evaluate cytotoxicity, composite scaffolds were tested on osteoblast cells and the MTT assay was measured and assessed based on time evaluation at 24 hours and 72 hours. Cytotoxicity was determined based on the percentage of viable cells obtained from the MTT assay. Results: Viable cells percentage on the chitosan-gelatin scaffold was 70.32% at 24 h and increased to 99.52% at 72 h. While on the chitosan-gelatin-βTCP scaffold there were 85.11% viable cells at 24 h and increased to 89.54% at 72 h. Statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA showed no significant difference among all groups (p>0.05). However, Fisher’s LSD test indicated a significant difference in cell viability between 24 hours and 72 hours within the chitosan gelatin group. Conclusion: The βTCP-chitosan-gelatin composite scaffold demonstrated no cytotoxic effect on osteoblast cells, indicating its biocompatibility and potential suitability as a bone substitute material.
Effect of adhesive techniques and preheated composite resin types as luting agents on shear bond strength of lithium disilicate: an experimental study Damayanti, Asri; Untara, Raphael Tri Endra; Widyastuti, Andina
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 38, No 1 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol38no1.61837

Abstract

Introduction: The success of veneers is influenced by the cementation procedure. Preheated composite resin has been proposed as a luting material for indirect adhesive restorations because of its improved mechanical and handling properties. Composite resin bonds effectively to tooth structures using adhesive systems. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different adhesive application techniques and types of preheated composite resin as luting materials on the shear bond strength of lithium disilicate. Methods: Twenty-eight extracted maxillary premolars were prepared on the buccal surface to expose dentin and divided into four experimental groups. Lithium disilicate discs (3 mm in diameter and 1 mm in thickness) were cemented onto the prepared surfaces according to the assigned group protocols. Group IA received preheated microhybrid composite with total-etch adhesive, IB received self-etch adhesive; IIA received preheated nanohybrid composite with total-etch adhesive, and IIB received self-etch adhesive. After cementation, the samples were immersed in artificial saliva at 37oC for 24 hours. Shear bond strength testing was conducted using a universal testing machine. Debonded samples were observed under a stereomicroscope to determine bonding failure. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and post hoc LSD tests with a 95% confidence level. Results: Total-etch adhesive demonstrated higher shear bond strength (SBS) than self-etch adhesive for both composite types. The highest SBS was observed in the total-etch microhybrid group (14.03 ± 0.12 MPa), followed by the total-etch nanohybrid group (12.99 ± 0.09 MPa) and the self-etch microhybrid group (13.67 ± 0.18 MPa), while the lowest value was recorded in the self-etch nanohybrid group (10.21 ± 0.22 MPa) Conclusion: Preheated microhybrid composite resin produced higher shear bond strength with lithium disilicate than preheated nanohybrid composite resin, and the total-etch adhesive technique resulted in higher shear bond strength than the self-etch technique.
Sensitivity and specificity of DentMA teledentistry in dental caries detection: screening in vulnerable communities Abdat, Munifah; Muchamad, Masduki Khamdan; Husna, Nurul; Fadholi, Farah Billah
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 38, No 1 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol38no1.67222

Abstract

Introduction: Teledentistry offers a practical solution to limited access to dental care by enabling remote screening using smartphone-based technology. Vulnerable populations such as pregnant women, children who rely on parental assistance, and the elderly have a high prevalence of dental caries and often face barriers to routine dental visits due to mobility limitations, time constraints, and dependence on caregivers. These characteristics make them priority targets for teledentistry-based screening. DentMA teledentistry is a smartphone-based application developed by the research team, integrating intraoral photographic capture, deep learning–assisted caries detection, and remote dentist evaluation to support early dental screening. This study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of DentMA teledentistry for dental caries screening in vulnerable community populations.  Methods: This was a prospective study with a cross-sectional design. Intraoral photographs were obtained using a smartphone camera and then uploaded to an Internet of Dental Things (IoDT)-based platform. Intraoral images were reviewed by dental professionals and compared with clinical examinations by co-assistants and dental nurses during activities outside the health center. Photographic assessments carried out by dentists were compared to clinical assessments by co-assistents and dental nurses. Data analysis included sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy, accompanied by Cohen’s kappa values >0.60 Results: 90 participants were included in this study, consisting of 30 pregnant women, 30 elderly individuals, and 30 children. All photographic views showed high sensitivity of 85.54% (95% CI, 77.0% to 93.1%) and specificity of 86.60% (95% CI, 79.8% to 93.4%) in detecting email-dentin caries and PUFA, with an accuracy of 86.11%. The agreement between the results of clinical examinations and photographic methods (assessed by dentists) was considered strong, with kappa scores ranging from 0.74-0.80. Conclusion: Assessment of intraoral photographs using DentMA teledentistry for caries detection demonstrated clinically acceptable accuracy when compared with visual clinical examination, based on sensitivity and specificity values. This strategy has implications for supporting remote dental health services for vulnerable communities (pregnant women, the elderly, and children) without access to healthcare facilities.
Effectiveness of rambutan honey toothpaste on IL-6 gene expression during acute inflammatory phase of gingivitis in a Wistar rat model: an experimental study Putri, Reika Yulia; Yuslianti, Euis Reni; Prayudha, Ramadhita Paramananda; Widowati, Wahyu; Noviani, Indah Yuri
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 38, No 1 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol38no1.67060

Abstract

Introduction: Gingivitis is a reversible form of periodontal disease characterized by gingival inflammation due to dental plaque accumulation and increased inflammatory mediators such as IL-6. Rambutan honey (Nephelium lappaceum) contains bioactive compounds with potential as natural anti-inflammatory agents. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of rambutan honey toothpaste on IL-6 gene expression during acute inflammatory phase of gingivitis in a Wistar rat model. Method: This study used a true experimental design with a post-test only control group design. A total of 30 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: negative control (toothpaste base/NC), positive control (commercial herbal toothpaste/PC), and treatment (rambutan honey/TPRH). The gingivitis rat model was established using a ligature technique with silk thread and inoculation of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus mutans. Treatment was administered twice daily for seven days, and gene expression was evaluated on days 0, 3, 5, and 7 using qRT-PCR. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests (p<0.05). Result: The rambutan honey toothpaste group showed a decreasing pattern of IL-6 expression compared to the base and commercial toothpaste groups, particularly on day 3 (p=0.038). These findings suggest that rambutan honey toothpaste may reduce IL-6 expression. This effect may be related to the presence of flavonoid and phenolic compounds in rambutan honey, which have been associated with anti-inflammatory activity. Conclusion: Rambutan honey toothpaste was associated with reduced IL-6 gene expression during the early acute inflammatory phase of experimental gingivitis in Wistar rats, indicating a potential anti-inflammatory effect at the molecular level. Further studies, including clinical, histological, and protein-level assessments, are needed to confirm its relevance in gingival healing. 

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