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All Journal Scripta Economica: Journal of Economics, Management, and Accounting Journal of Social Humanities and Education: Scripta Humanika Servitia: Journal of Community Service and Engagement Prosperia: Journal of Economic Development, Accounting, and Global Markets Resocia: International Journal of Applied Research and Innovation Poetica Lingua: Journal of Literary and Linguistic Research Mercatura Lumina: Journal of Management, Entrepreneurship, and Tourism Sapientia Diversalis: Journal of Human Interaction and Social Studies Scientia Causa: Journal of Contemporary Pedagogy and Learning Science Hippocratica: Journal of Modern Medicine and Healthcare Practice Iustitia: Journal of Legal Theory, Politics, and International Relations Capitalis: Journal of Economic Stability, Banking, and Investment Lex Recta: Journal of Law and Normative Justice Corpus: International Journal of Law and Political Authorit Safīnah: Indonesian Journal of Sharia and Islamic Sciences
Sahal Hanafi
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Social Sciences Transportation Other

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The Right to Explanation in Artificial Intelligence–Based Decision-Making: A Normative Perspective on Due Process and Legal Accountability Imroatun Solekah; Sahal Hanafi; Wildan Baehaqi; Teddy Delano
Lex Recta: Journal of Law and Normative Justice Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): : June: Lex Recta: Journal of Law and Normative Justice
Publisher : CV SCRIPTA INTELEKTUAL MANDIRI

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Abstract

The increasing adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in legally significant decision-making has generated fundamental challenges concerning procedural fairness, transparency, and legal accountability. This article examines the juridical status of the right to explanation in AI-based decision-making through a normative and doctrinal legal research approach supported by comparative analysis of contemporary regulatory frameworks and legal theories. The study analyzes international legal instruments, administrative law principles, data protection regulations, accountability doctrines, and scholarly debates addressing explainability, due process, and algorithmic governance. The findings demonstrate that explanation performs a constitutive legal function within procedural justice by enabling meaningful participation, contestation, review, and accountability. Existing legal frameworks increasingly recognize the necessity of explainability, although regulatory approaches remain fragmented regarding its normative scope and enforceability. The analysis further reveals that accountability for AI-generated decisions must remain attached to identifiable human and institutional actors, regardless of technological complexity. Recognition of the right to explanation as an enforceable procedural guarantee strengthens legality, safeguards individual rights, and preserves rule-of-law values within automated governance systems. The study contributes a coherent normative framework connecting explainability, due process, and legal accountability in contemporary AI regulation.
International Human Rights Law: Protection of Refugees in Contemporary Conflicts Deo Renaldi Saputra; Sahal Hanafi; Sunusi Dauda; Melva Noya; Bunga Dwi Fani Ritonga
International Journal of Law and Political Authority Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): January: Corpus: International Journal of Law and Political Authority
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Contemporary armed conflicts have generated complex patterns of forced displacement that challenge the adequacy of traditional refugee protection frameworks. This article examines the role of international human rights law in safeguarding refugees within the context of modern conflicts characterized by protracted violence, institutional fragility, and evolving displacement drivers. Using a normative legal research methodology, the study analyzes the convergence between international human rights law, refugee law, and international humanitarian law, with particular attention to enforcement mechanisms and judicial practice. The findings reveal that human rights law provides a universal and enforceable normative foundation that extends protection beyond formal refugee status, strengthens the principle of non-refoulement, and enhances accountability through judicial oversight. The article further identifies emerging challenges, including temporary protection regimes, climate-related displacement, and digital governance, which require adaptive human rights-based responses. By situating refugee protection within a rights-centered legal framework, this study underscores the continuing relevance of international human rights law as a vital instrument for protecting displaced populations amid increasingly complex and unstable global conflict environments.
Islamic Law and Social Change: Contemporary Applications of Fiqh in Muslim Societies Sahal Hanafi; Deo Renaldi Saputra; Elinda Novita Dewi; Alya Nabila Adistia; Yusril Ihza Mahendra; Zulfikri Akramul Akbar; Abdi Wijaya
Indonesian Journal of Sharia and Islamic Sciences Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): January: Safīnah: Indonesian Journal of Sharia and Islamic Sciences
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Islamic law has long been perceived as a normative system rooted in classical jurisprudence, yet contemporary social developments have necessitated renewed interpretations and applications of fiqh. This article examines the relationship between Islamic law and social change by analyzing how contemporary fiqh responds to evolving social, economic, technological, and cultural contexts in Muslim societies. Employing normative legal research based on doctrinal analysis, this study explores classical legal principles alongside modern reformist approaches, including maqāṣid al-sharīʿah, ijtihād maqāṣidī, and collective ijtihād. The findings indicate that contemporary fiqh increasingly emphasizes public interest, legal objectives, and contextual reasoning to address modern challenges such as family law reform, healthcare ethics, digital transactions, and social justice. These developments reflect a shift from rigid textualism toward a more purposive and socially responsive jurisprudence. The article argues that this transformation does not undermine the authority of Islamic law but rather strengthens its legitimacy and relevance. By integrating ethical values with social realities, contemporary fiqh serves as an effective legal instrument for managing social change while preserving the core principles of Islamic jurisprudence.
Strengthening Digital Literacy for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises through Community-Based Training: Enhancing Business Sustainability, Financial Management, and Digital Marketing Competencies Azka Syifaul Maula; Nur Vita Ristiana; Assmaa Guerra; Deo Renaldi Saputra; Elinda Novita Dewi; Sahal Hanafi
Journal of Community Service and Engagement Vol 2 No 1 (2026): August: Servitia: Journal of Community Service and Engagement
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65310/9gae9m25

Abstract

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) continue to face significant challenges in adapting to the rapidly evolving digital economy due to limited digital literacy, inadequate financial management capabilities, and insufficient strategic competencies to sustain long-term business growth. These constraints reduce their competitiveness and limit their ability to capitalize on emerging digital market opportunities. This study aimed to strengthen digital literacy among MSMEs through a community-based training program designed to enhance digital marketing competencies, financial management capabilities, and business sustainability. The program employed a participatory action-based community service approach using a mixed-method evaluation design that integrated quantitative pre-test and post-test assessments with qualitative observations of participant engagement, learning processes, and practical implementation. Forty-five MSME owners from the culinary, fashion, handicraft, and household product sectors participated in a structured six-week intervention consisting of digital literacy education, digital marketing practice, financial management training, business sustainability workshops, mentoring, and evaluation. The findings demonstrate that the intervention substantially improved participants' competencies across all measured dimensions, with digital marketing competence increasing by 73.4%, financial management competence by 58.2%, and business sustainability competence by 54.2%, resulting in an overall competency improvement of 61.1%. Participants also reported a high level of satisfaction with the training (overall mean score = 4.67), while the majority expressed strong commitment to continuing digital marketing activities, implementing digital financial recording systems, and participating in peer-learning networks after program completion. These findings indicate that community-based digital literacy training provides an effective and sustainable model for strengthening entrepreneurial capacity by integrating technological competencies with managerial and strategic capabilities. The study contributes to the literature by proposing an integrated community empowerment framework that links digital literacy, financial governance, and business sustainability as interconnected drivers of MSME resilience and inclusive economic development.
Digital Ecosystem Disparities and Interprovincial Educational Quality in Indonesia: Development of the Digital–Education Vulnerability Index and Spatial Analysis Based on BPS Data and the 2025 Education Report Card Sahal Hanafi; Azka Syifaul Maula; Nur Vita Ristiana; Assmaa Guerra; Deo Renaldi Saputra; Elinda Novita Dewi
Jurnal Sosial Humaniora dan Pendidikan Vol 2 No 1 (2026): Auguss: Jurnal Sosial Humaniora dan Pendidikan: Scripta Humanika
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65310/cj8rvf58

Abstract

Digital transformation has expanded educational opportunities in Indonesia, but the capacity to benefit from digital resources remains territorially unequal. This study develops a Digital–Education Vulnerability Index (DEVI) for all 38 Indonesian provinces using complete 2025 provincial series from Statistics Indonesia. The final specification integrates youth cellular-phone use, computer use, and internet use within the Digital Vulnerability Index (DVI), and the School Participation Rate for ages 16–18 and senior-secondary Net Enrolment Rate within the Educational Vulnerability Index (EVI). Beneficial indicators were reverse-normalized by min–max transformation, weighted within each dimension by the Entropy Weight Method, and combined with equal dimensional contributions. Spatial dependence was tested with a row-standardized four-nearest-neighbor matrix, while DVI–EVI association, OLS regression with HC3 standard errors, and equal-weight sensitivity analysis assessed cross-dimensional consistency and robustness. Highland Papua (DEVI=0.9441), Central Papua (0.8868), and South Papua (0.5738) recorded the highest vulnerability, whereas DI Yogyakarta (0.0004), Bali (0.0320), and Riau Islands (0.0403) recorded the lowest. DVI and EVI were positively associated (Spearman ρ=0.671, p<0.001), and DEVI displayed significant spatial clustering (Global Moran’s I=0.545, p=0.0001), with significant High–High concentrations across several Papuan provinces. The entropy-weight and equal-weight rankings were highly concordant (ρ=0.989). These results show that digital and educational vulnerability is jointly structured but not interchangeable, supporting territorially differentiated intervention rather than uniform connectivity policy.    
Kapasitas Fiskal, Kebijakan Energi Terbarukan, dan Ketahanan Ekonomi Regional: Studi tentang Transisi Indonesia Deo Renaldi Saputra; Elinda Novita Dewi; Ni Ketut Sukanti; Sahal Hanafi
Journal of Economics, Management, and Accounting Vol 1 No 2 (2025): November: Scripta Economica: Journal of Economics, Management, and Accounting
Publisher : CV SCRIPTA INTELEKTUAL MANDIRI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65310/q4txf377

Abstract

Indonesia’s renewable energy transition poses both opportunities and challenges for regional economic resilience. This study examines how fiscal capacity influences the effectiveness of renewable-energy policies and shapes economic outcomes across Indonesian provinces. Provinces with stronger fiscal autonomy are better able to finance green infrastructure, support private investment, and implement adaptive measures that mitigate employment disruptions and market volatility. Regions with limited fiscal resources face challenges in energy diversification and structural adjustment, resulting in uneven resilience. Using a qualitative approach based on official government reports, institutional datasets, and energy-transition statistics, the study analyzes the interactions between fiscal governance, renewable-energy policy, and regional economic adaptation. Findings indicate that fiscal disparities significantly determine investment capacity, policy implementation, and long-term structural transformation. Strengthening fiscal capacity, promoting sustainable finance, and aligning renewable-energy strategies with local development priorities are essential to ensure equitable and resilient economic outcomes. This research contributes to understanding the critical role of fiscal governance in enabling a successful, regionally inclusive energy transition.
Co-Authors Abdi Wijaya, Abdi Abdul Kholik Abi Umaroh Ali Anhar Syi’bul Huda Alya Nabila Adistia Andi Cici Thania Andri Cahyo Purnomo Anggun Wida Prawira Ariawan, Ariawan Assmaa Guerra Aswanto Aswanto Azka Syifaul Maula Bunga Dwi Fani Ritonga Deo Renaldi Saputra Ekberth Valen Noya Elinda Novita Dewi Fadli Agus Triansyah Ilham Kurniawan Imroatun Solekah Ina Monica Firsty Leonardus Teguh Handoyo Maiza Fikri Maulana Anwar Melva Noya Muslim Muslim Nabila Tijani Tharifah Ni Ketut Sukanti Nourma Alivia Zahra El Rakhim Nur Ali Yasin Nur Vita Ristiana Rafidha Nur Alifah Rosyid Ridlo Al-Hakim Samsul Arifin Samsul Arifin Sunusi Dauda Teddy Delano Toman Sony Tambunan Wildan Baehaqi Yusril Ihza Mahendra Zulfikri Akramul Akbar