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Effectivity of Polyscias obtusa Simplicia as Immunomodulator on CaecaTonsil of Broiler Post Infection of Salmonella typhimurium Farsely, Mutya; Djati, Muhammad Sasmito; Rifa'i, Muhaimin
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 3 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (994.06 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2013.003.01.04

Abstract

Antibiotics usually used to protect the animals from pathogens, but antibiotics have residues which have negative side efect. Antibiotics can substituted with Polyscias obtusa simplicia because this plant contains a chemical compound called Flavonoid which roles in immune system as immunomodulator. This study aimed to determine the mobilization and development of CD4+, CD8+ and B220+ T-Cells lymphocytes from thymus of broiler that have been given additional feed Polyscias obtusa after infected by Salmonella typhimurium and determine the optimum dose of the addition of simplicia's Polyscias obtusa which can influence the mobilization of T-Cells lymphocyte in Thymus. The procedure are confirmation of the Salmonella typhimurium isolates, prepare the simplicia's Polyscias obtusa and Salmonella typhimurium bacterial culture, orally infections in 500 µl, prepare supplemented feeds by three doses (i.e. dose 1 (0.08%), dose 2 (0.16%) and dose 3 (0.26%)), thymus and T-Cells lymphocytes isolation and Flowcytometry analysis. The results showed that feeding with antibiotical feed + Salmonella infection and natural feed with additional Polyscias obtusa simplicia's dose 2 (0.16%) have increased the relative number of CD4+, CD8+ and B220+. T-Cells lymphocytes of thymus with different time feeding period have significant differences for relative number of CD8+. This result gave proof that Polyscias obtusa simplicia have the ability and influence to increase the body's immune system. Keywords : Broiler, Polyscias obtusa, Salmonella typhimurium, T-Cells lymphocyte, Thymus
Mobilization of CD4+, CD8+, and B220+ on Broiler Chicken Spleen with Feed Contained Polyscias obtusa Post Infection of Salmonella typhimurium Pradana, Andi Rizki A,; Djati, Muhammad Sasmito; Rifa'i, Muhaimin
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 3 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1035.643 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2013.003.01.02

Abstract

Farmers in Indonesia used to provide feed with additional antibiotics to prevent the endemic disease in poultry such as New Castle Disease and Avian Influenza. This has a negative impact because the antibiotic residues will accumulate in meat and harmful to consumers. The aim of this research was to determine the role of simplicia Polyscias obtusa leaves as immunostimulants in broiler feed that had been infected with Salmonella typhimurium. Sixty of DOC (days old chicks) with initial weight 37 g were used in this experiment. The broilers were offered diets containing different levels of simplicia leaves of as follows; 0% with no infection (A1), 0% (A2), 0,08% (A3), 0,16% (A4), and 0,26% (A5). At day 14th, the broiler orally infected with 108 CFU/ml Salmonella typhimurium, 500 µl for each broiler. Treatments were allocated in a completely randomized design. The variable observed were the relative number of lympohcyte cell CD4+, CD8+, and B220+ of spleen analyzed by flowcytometry. The results obtained showed that additional simplicia Polyscias obtusa leaves in feed can significantly affect the development (relative number) of lymphocytes cell, especially T cells CD8+. Treatment A4 (P. obtusa 2nd dose (0.16%) + S. typhimurium infection) had the best ability to increase the relative number of lymphocytes cell. These result strengthens Polyscias obtusa role as one of immunostimulatory agent, in terms of its active compounds (saponins and flavonoids). Keywords : Broiler, immunostimulants, lymphocyte cell, Polyscias obtusa, spleen.
Aspek Biologi Sel T Regulator CD4+ CD25+ pada Transplantasi Sumsum Tulang Rifa'i, Muhaimin
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 4 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1014.36 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2014.004.01.01

Abstract

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) dan rejeksi (penolakan) pada transplantasi alogenik merupakan kasus terpenting pada masalah transplantasi jaringan. Di lain pihak ketersediaan donor dengan kriteria MHC-matching sangat terbatas. Fakta bahwa kebanyakan organisme hidup sehat tanpa terjangkit penyakit autoimun menunjukkan adanya mekanisme regulasi yang mampu mencegah teraktivasinya sel-sel autoreaktif. Organisme mempunyai mekanisme yang sangat sempurna untuk menghindari respon mematikan terhadap self-antigen. Mekanisme terpenting pada toleransi imunologi ini adalah yang diperankan oleh sel T regulator. Mekanisme toleransi yang dilakukan oleh sel T regulator mencegah teraktivasinya sel-sel autoreaktif ini nampaknya juga terjadi pada transplantasi, baik transplantasi sumsum tulang maupun organ. Pada review ini kami akan membahas aplikasi sel T regulator CD4+CD25+ pada transplantasi alogenik terutama pada transplantasi sumsum tulang (bone marrow transplantation, BMT). Kata kunci: sel T regulator, transplantasi sumsum tulang, toleransi imunologi
Immunomodulator Testing on Ethanol Extract of Gynura procumbens Leaves to Mus musculus Adaptive Immune System: in Vitro Study Dwijayanti, Dinia Rizqi; Rifa'i, Muhaimin
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 4 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1056.364 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2014.004.01.02

Abstract

Immunomodulator is a substance that has an ability to modulate the activity and function of immune system. Gynura procumbens supposed to has benefit as an immunomodulator because of it afficacy to cure many diseases. The aim of this study is to determine the effect and dose variations of G. procumbens extract on biological aspect of CD4+CD62L-, CD4+CD62L+, CD8+CD62L- and CD8+CD62L+ T cells. G. procumbens extract concentrations that used in this experiment were 0 µg /ml, 0.1 µg/ml, 1 µg/ml, and 10 µg/ml. Spleen cells were cultured for 4 days in 5% CO2 incubator at a temperature of 37°C. Cultured cells were harvested and analyzed by flowcytometry to asses cell surface molecule expression. The resulting data were tabulated and analyzed using ANOVA analysis with a significance of 0.05% on SPSS version 16. Results showed that the extract of G. procumbens can increase the proliferation of CD4+CD62L-, CD4+CD62L+, CD8+CD62L- and CD8+CD62L+ T cells compared to the control. Dose of 1 µg/ml showed the highest effect to promote cell activation compared with the dose of 0.1 µg/ml and 10 µg/ml. Dose of 10 µg/ml could suppress CD4+CD62L-, CD4+CD62L+, CD8+CD62L- and CD8+CD62L+ T cells development. This study suggests that the ethanol extract of G. procumbens has benefit as an immunomodulator and involved in the immune system. Keywords: Gynura procumbens, immunity, immunomodulator, in vitro, lymphocytes.
In Vitro Immunomodulatory Activity of Aqueous Extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. Leaf to the CD4 +, CD8+ and B220+ Cells in Mus musculus Rachmawati, Indriya; Rifa'i, Muhaimin
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 4 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1248.67 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2014.004.01.03

Abstract

Immune system is a system of biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease. It can be promoted by substance referred as immunomodulator. Usually people use synthetic drug or synthetic immunomodulator to get quick response against the disease. This habit lead to arising side effects such as nausea, bone marrow degradation, thrombocytopenic purpura and agranulocytosis. As alternative, natural immunomodulator derived from active compound in plant. The objectives of this study are to determine the effect of aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf to the population of  CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and also B220+ cell on Mus musculus through in vitro study and to analyze the difference of immune response in treatment and non-treatment group (control). In this experiment we used spleen from Balb/C mice. Cells were grown in RPMI medium with three doses (10 µg/ml, 1 µg/ml, 0,1 µg/ml) of M.oleifera extract. The cells were grown for four days culture in the CO2 incubator at 37°C with 5 % CO2. The cells number and expression were analyzed by flowcytometry. Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA with α=0,05 by SPSS 16.0 for windows with complete randomized design. The result shows that the extract has immunostimulant activity and the low dose (0,1 µg/ml) can  increase the cell number of CD4+ and CD8+, while high dose  (10 µg/ml) significantly increase B220+ cells compared to the control. This result strenghten that M.oleifera has immunomodulator activity to immunity system and worth to be developed into medicinal drug. Keywords: immunomodulator, in vitro, Moringa oleifera, T cell
Bioactivity of Purple Yam Tuber (Dioscorea alata L.) on the Level of CD8+and CD8+CD462L+ T cells and Histology of Liver in BALB/c Mice Model of Digestive Allergy Christina, Yuyun Ika; Rifa'i, Muhaimin
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1439.519 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2014.004.02.01

Abstract

Purple yam tuber (Dioscorea alata L.) is a family of Dioscoreaceae containing diosgenin which is known as immunomodulatory agent. This study aimed to understand the quantitative changes of naïve and activated memory of T cells on mice model of digestive allergy after orally treated with ethanol extract of purple yam tuber. In this experiment, architecture of hepar histopathology is also observed. Ethanol extract of purple yam tuber with three doses of 0.167 g/kg bw (U1), 2.008 g/kg bw (U2), and 10.039 g/kg bw (U3) are applied. Data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA (p <0.05) and Tukey test using SPSS 16.0 for Windows. Ethanol extract of purple yam tuber triggers the immunocompetent activity of T cells in mice model of digestive allergy. The result showed that the number of memory type T cells in mice model of digestive allergy decreased in lower dose (0.167 g/kg bw (U1). However, the number of naïve T cells, CD8+CD62L+ in mice with digestive allergy after administration of purple yam tuber ethanol extract increased significantly in lower dose (0.167 g/kg bw (U1) compared with positive control (OVA). Dose variations of extract ethanol of purple yam tuber (0.167 g/kg bw) has a significantly effect to shift the T cell status from memory to naïve. Keywords: Digestive allergy, Dioscorea alata L., histopathology, immunomodulatory, subset T cells
Adaptive Immune Response Stimulation on Nephrolithiasis Mice Model after Treatment of Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.) Leaf Extract Maghfiroh, Khoirin; Rifa'i, Muhaimin; Widyarti, Sri
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (890.837 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2014.004.02.02

Abstract

Calcium crystal accumulation on kidney can cause kidney stone (nephrolithiasis). The oxalate calcium crystal which is deposite on the kidney can trigger inflammation on the epithelial that is able to induce cells death (necrosis). The necrosis is able to cause inflammation and it will affect the body's immune system. Infection agent that comes to the body will be responded by the innate immunity which will be responded later by adaptive immunity. One of herbal agent that is expected to be used to stimulate adaptive immunity response is Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis) leaf extract. The aim of this study is to find out the change of relative amount of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and B (B220) cells on nephrolithiasis mice model after S.arvensis leaf extract. The mice are divided into six groups; control group, placebo, nephrolithiasis, S.arvensis leaf extract for 7 days, nephrolithiasis then it is continued with S.arvensis leaf extract for 7 days, and simultaneous (nephrolithiasis and S.arvensis leaf extract for 3 months). The amount of relative T lymphocyte cells is measured by using BD FACSCalibur FlowcytometerTM. The data is analyzed by using ANOVA one way (p<0.05) using SPSS 16.0 software for Windows. The result shows that there are changes of relative CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and B (B220) cells on nephrolithiasis mice model after the giving of S.arvensis leaf extract. The treatment of S.arvensis leaf extract on the nephrolithiasis mice model can stimulate the homeostatic activity by suppressing the B cells. Compound of S.arvensis leaf extract that can inhibit of Th1 cells and the increase of Th2 cells by proliferation cells activity. The treatment of S.arvensis leaf extract for 7 days can suppress CD4+. The S.arvensis leaf extract can stimulate adaptive immune response which is caused by immunomodulatory active component.Keywords: Nephrolithiasis, Sonchus arvensis L., leaf extract, adaptive immune response.
Bioactivity of Ethanolic Extract of Propolis (EEP) in Balb/C Mice's CD4+CD25+ and B220+ Lymphocyte Cells Aden, Aisyah Zahroh; Rifa'i, Muhaimin
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1207.211 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2014.004.02.03

Abstract

This experiment was aimed to determine the bioactivity of ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) against the changes in the quantity of CD4+CD25+ and B220+ lymphocytes and determine the optimal dose of EEP to increase the number of CD4+CD25+ and B220+ cells in Balb/c mice. Balb/c mice were divided into four treatment groups: control treatment, treatments of EEP at a dose of 50 mg.kg-1, 100 mg.kg-1, and 200 mg.kg-1 body weight of mice. All mice were dissected after two weeks post treatment. Profiles of lymphocytes from the spleen expressing CD4+CD25+ and B220+ cells were analyzed by flowcytometry using CellQuest software. Data was analyzed by Kruskall Wallis and Mann Whitney statistical test with P<0.05 using SPSS 16.0 for Windows. The results showed that the treatment of dose of 50 mg.kg-1 of EEP can increase relative number of CD4+CD25+ cells significantly, but those cells decrease significantly when we apply the dose of 100 and 200 mg.kg-1. The relative number of B220+ cells increase in the dose of 50 and 200 mg.kg-1 and decrease in the dose of 100 mg.kg-1 compared to the control. This experiment suggest that EEP has bioactivity to modulate the quantity of CD4+CD25+ and B220+ in dependent manner.Keywords: B220+, CD4+CD25+, lymphocyte, propolis
Detection of VipAlbumin® Effect in CD34 and SDF-1 Mobilization, in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetes Mellitus Mice Pradana, Andi Rizki Adi; Djati, Muhammad Sasmito; Rifa'i, Muhaimin
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 5 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1218.278 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2015.005.01.03

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a disease in which the body loses its ability to provide tight regulation and maintain a dynamic interaction between the tissue sensitivity and insulin secretion by β cells. The impact of this dysfunctional mechanism is uncontrolled blood glucose levels that lead to hyperglycemia condition. Highly reactive free radicals have a strong involvement in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, where one of its forming process may be triggered by hyperglycemia condition. Patients with diabetes mellitus itself vulnerable to endothelial dysfunction, which is caused by a decrease in circulating endothelial progenitor cells, and also a decrease in chemokines which play a role in affecting the activities of these cells. Hyperglycemia condition and free radical activity is a major cause of these endothelial progenitor cells dysfunction.The purpose of this study was to determine the role of VipAlbumin®, a supplement derived from Channa striatus albumin extracts in inhibiting the action of free radicals that are formed due to hyperglycemia condition, which can affect the increase in endothelial progenitor cells relative amount. This study used BALB/C mice that induced to undergo diabetes mellitus through streptozotocin injection intraperitoneally at 5-day old. Mice who have reached 4 week old and positive to diabetes mellitus (blood glucose levels > 200 mg.dl-1) will be administered with VipAlbumin® orally for 14 days. VipAlbumin® dosage was divided into 4 groups: positive control (without VipAlbumin®); 1st dose (0.01664 mg.gr-1 BW); 2nd dose (0.416 mg.gr-1 BW); 3rd dose (10.4 mg.gr-1 BW). The last step was flow cytometric analysis to determine the development of endothelial progenitor cells relative amount, which isolated from bone marrow. The variables measured in this study were the relative amount of CD34+ and SDF-1. Based to flow cytometric analysis, mice with VipAlbumin® administration did not show any significant improvement in CD34 relative amount when compared to the positive control. Relative amount of Chemokine SDF-1 itself, although only occur at the 3rd dose of VipAlbumin® treatment, has increased and significantly different from the positive control. Keywords: CD34, diabetes mellitus, free radicals, hyperglycemia, SDF-1, streptozotocin, VipAlbumin®
The Potential of EMSA Eritin to Modulate T Cells (CD4+ and CD8+) in Balb/C Mice Model of Diabetes Mellitus Rohie, Ade MC; Rifa'i, Muhaimin
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 5 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1181.883 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2015.005.01.08

Abstract

EMSA Eritin is a medicinal polyherbal contains with soy bean, coconut water and red rice extract. In several studies of this individual components have proven the potential to modulate lymphocyte cells that indirectly lowering blood glucose levels in diabetes meliitus. This study was aimed to analyzing the effect of polyherbal EMSA Eritin on the expression of CD4+, CD8+ and SDF-1 cells population in mice model of diabetes mellitus. Neonatal d-5 mice was intraperitoneally injected with Streptozotocin (STZ) 100 mg.kg-1 BW. Four weeks post injection the mice was treated with EMSA Eritin in three doses 0.3125 mg.g-1 BW, 3.125 mg.g-1 BW and 31.25 mg.g-1 BW for 14 days. Cells Profile of T lymphocyte (CD4+ and CD8+) and chemokine SDF-1 were analyzed by Flow cytometry. Data were analyzed with One-way ANOVA (p<0.05) and Duncan test using SPSS 16.0 for Windows. The result showed that EMSA Eritin significantly increased T lymphocyte (CD4+ and CD8+) in optimum dose 3.125 mg.g-1 BW and suppress SDF-1 production in high dose (31.25 mg.g-1 BW) as well as the blood glucose level measurement. This study suggest that polyherbal EMSA Eritin has a potential to decreased blood glucose level in mice model of diabetes mellitus.Keywords: CD4+, CD8+, diabetes mellitus, EMSA Eritin, SDF-1