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Trans-Parasocial Relationship on TikTok Live Shopping: A Netnography Study of Streamers and Audiences Interactions Azizah Laurensia; Niken Febrina Ernungtyas
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 4 No. 9 (2024): Journal Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v4i9.1745

Abstract

Social media live shopping has grown rapidly and become common in Indonesian e-commerce since 2020. The development of live and real-time interactions between streamers and audiences establishes trans-parasocial relationships. The relationship is an extension of the parasocial concept, where this seemingly reciprocal relationship occurs between streamers and their audience. This study aims to explore the processes and patterns of forming trans-parasocial relationships between streamers and audiences during TikTok Shop live shopping sessions in Indonesia. This study employs a qualitative method with a netnography study conducted during TikTok Shop live session and post-session comments on X/Twitter. The data include verbal statements from the streamers and audiences on the chat sections, as well as the audience’s posts with keywords related to streamers on platform X/Twitter. Based on data categorization analysis, this study identifies five aspects of the formation of trans-parasocial relationships; (1) building proximity, (2) engaging in self-disclosure, (3) addressing personal acquaintances, (2) receiving audiences’ responses, and (5) creating a reciprocal interaction. The proximity between streamers and audiences can be virtually built by both parties by incorporating conversations about topics rather than products during live sessions. The formation of trans-parasocial relationships leads the audience to keep watching TikTok live shopping and could become a strategic online marketing communication method.
The Use of Sports Broadcasting in Developing Knowledge about Sports in Indonesia Haris Pramajakti; Darryl Valerian Pramudita; Romeo Matthew Alexandro Pantouw; Niken Febrina Ernungtyas
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 5 No. 11 (2025): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v5i11.52075

Abstract

The development of digital communication technology today has had a significant impact on various aspects of life, including the development of sports knowledge. Sports broadcast media, whether through television, radio, podcasts, vodcasts, or social media platforms, play an important role in disseminating information about sports. This research aims to explore how various forms of sports broadcast media contribute to enriching the audience's understanding of sports, both in terms of technique, history, and match analysis. Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, this study analyzed the existing literature to identify the main themes that emerged in previous research and evaluate the impact of these media on increased knowledge and audience engagement. The results show that sports broadcast media can increase active participation of fans through interactivity and flexible content access, with new technologies such as Augmented Reality (AR) and artificial intelligence (AI) further enriching the viewing experience. This study concludes that sports broadcast media not only serves as a means of entertainment, but also as an effective educational tool to increase the knowledge and involvement of audiences in the world of sports.