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Journal : Communications in Science and Technology

Maximizing oil recovery in sandstone reservoirs through optimized ASP injection using the super learner algorithm Putra, Dike Fitriansyah; Jaafar, Mohd Zaidi; Khalif, Ku Muhd Na’im; Siswanto, Apri; Lukman, Ichsan; Kurniawan, Ahmad
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 10 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.10.1.2025.1649

Abstract

Optimizing the Alkaline-Surfactant-Polymer (ASP) injection process remains a persistent challenge in Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR), particularly in heterogeneous sandstone reservoirs where traditional reservoir simulators are constrained by high computational demands and limited flexibility. This study introduces a novel application of the Super Learner (SL) ensemble, a stacking-based machine learning algorithm integrating multiple base models (XGBoost, SVR, BRR, and Decision Tree), to systematically predict and optimize ASP injection parameters. Unlike previous approaches, our method blends high-fidelity CMOST simulation data with machine learning precision in which it enables real-time optimization with field-scale relevance. Using 500 simulation scenarios validated by laboratory input, the SL model achieved exceptional predictive performance (R² = 0.988, RMSE = 0.304), outperforming all individual learners. The optimal recovery factor (RF) of 79.49% was obtained with the finely tuned concentrations of surfactant (5483.29 ppm), polymer (2242.61 ppm), SO?²? (5610.15 ppm), CO?²? (7053.59 ppm), and Na? (9939.35 ppm). Remarkably, the SL approach could reduce optimization time from 10 hours (CMOST) to under 1 minute; this underscored its potential for real-time operational deployment. The novelty of this work lies in its integrated use of ensemble learning to capture the complex and non-linear interactions between ionic chemistry and oil mobilization behavior, offering a field-ready AI framework for rapid and adaptive EOR design. This approach paves the way for the intelligent optimization of ASP schemes by minimizing the reliance on computationally intensive simulations while ensuring chemical and economic efficiency in marginal or complex reservoirs.
Co-Authors 'Ibad, Reza Irsyadul -, Fajar -, Syapril A. Daniel, Mohammad Ikbal Rizki Abdul Haliq, Abdul Achmad Romadin Agus Priyanto, Wisanggeni Ahmad Rifqi Asrib Amirullah -, Amirullah Anhar, Deli Apri Siswanto Apriani Apriani Ardiansyah, Dika Awang Darumurti, Awang Azhar Azhar Butsiarah Darmawang, Darmawang Darwin Lie Dedi Harianto Dimas Prasaja, Dimas Djohan, Muhammad Iqbal Dyastari, Letizia Efendi Efendi Ernawati, Helni Fadhela, Rahmi Fahmi, Muhammad Zaky Fahri, Anwar Febby Madonna Yuma Gunawan, M. Zuhri Halim, Muh Bhilal Hamka, Buya Handayani Ujianti, Mutiara Handika Fikri Pratama, Handika Fikri Harsa W, Aliffia Hasim, Muhammad Hasriani Hasriani, Hasriani Hazisma, Suhairi Helen Dian Fridayani, Helen Dian Helmiah, Fauriatun Hendrawaty Hendrawaty, Hendrawaty Idris, Adam Ilhidda, Inul Iqbal, Muhmmad Jaafar, Mohd Zaidi Jumadin ., Jumadin K, Ahmad Yani Kartini harahap Khalif, Ku Muhd Na’im Khoirun Nisa', Khoirun Kurniasih, Surti Leonardo, Ari Lestari, Adhe Utami Lukman, Ichsan M, Eko Prasetyo Malawat, Sitna Hajar Mansyur Mansyur Mohamad Ikbal Riski Danial Mohamad, Mohamad Rafli Muhammad Eko Atmojo, Muhammad Eko Muhammad Iskandar Musa Munarti, Munarti Nugroho, Bayu Fajar Nurwijayanti Parenrengi, Syafiuddin Paundra, Fajar Pramita, Resti Dinda Pratama, Melati Purnama, Rizky Candra Putra, Dike Fitriansyah Putri, Sukma Rahmadani Rahmadani, Nur Asmi Suci Rahmat Hidayat Ratih Amelia, Ratih Riady, Iwan Riska Amelia Romizal, Alba Ruslan Ruslan Saddam Rassanjani Sahtiani Jahrir, Andi Santiara S.R, Revinta Saputra, Feri Andri Sidik, Abdurrahman Soiswaty, Dwi Purnama Sudarmanto Jayanegara Sya'rani, Ridwan Syam, Nurlaily Titis Setyabudi Vialin, Antero Jona Wabdillah Wabdillah, Wabdillah Yahyaddin, Muh Yahyaddin, Muhmmad Yasdin, Yasdin Yusuf, Andi Zulfikar Zuhdi Arman