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Journal : Jurnal Respirasi (JR)

Tuberculous Lymphadenitis in Immunocompromised Patients: Case Series Edward Pandu Wiriansya; Irawaty Djaharuddin; Andi Tiara Salengke Adam
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 8 No. 1 (2022): January 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (385.559 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/jr.v8-I.1.2022.39-43

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBLN) is a form of extra-pulmonary TB with clinical features ranging from lumps to abscesses. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) co-infection and diabetes mellitus alongside TBLN made the diagnosis and management exceptionally challenging. We reported 3 cases of TBLN, 2 among them had an existing HIV co-infection, and 1 had preexisting diabetes mellitus.Case: The first case, a 28-year-old man, previously diagnosed with HIV, complained of a lump in the neck; biopsy results suggested TBLN. The second case was a 36-year-old man with a neck abscess and HIV co-infection. Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) pus was positive & Human Immunodeficiency Virus Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (HIV ELISA) was reactive. The third case was a patient with a neck abscess with preexisting diabetes mellitus (DM) underwent wound debridement and was given anti-tuberculosis drugs.Conclusion: TBLN with HIV co-infection or diabetes had clinical features ranging from a painful lump to an abscess. The definitive diagnosis was taken by examining AFB from pus. If the abscess was more extensive than or equal to 3 cm, wound debridement was necessary. The primary treatment for TBLN was anti-tuberculosis drugs and required even greater attention if a patient had any preexisting comorbidities such as HIV and diabetes.
Effects of E-Cigarette Vapor Smoke on Pulmonary Alveoli in Rattus norvegicus Lungs Edward Pandu Wiriansya; Dewi Rahman; Muhammad Naufal Zuhair; Syamsu Rijal; Dzul Ikram; Utomo Andi Pangnguriseng
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 9 No. 3 (2023): September 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jr.v9-I.3.2023.200-205

Abstract

Introduction: Vapor is considered a safer alternative to tobacco cigarettes because the high nicotine content is less. However, vapor still contains substances that are classified as toxic to humans. Short-term exposure to vapors from liquids can induce an inflammatory response in the lungs and cause oxidative stress. This study aimed to determine the effects of e-cigarette vapor smoke on pulmonary alveoli in Rattus norvegicus lungs. Methods: This was an experimental study on 32 adult male Rattus norvegicus rats. They were divided into two groups exposed to nicotine-containing vapor smoke two times a day for one and three months, respectively, and one group as control. After vapor exposure, the lung tissues of the rats were taken and then subjected to histopathological examination under a microscope. Results: After exposure for one month, epithelial and endothelial cells degenerated, characterized by a decrease in collagen and elastin fibers in the extracellular matrix. For three months, there were changes, the alveolar membrane had no nucleus, the surrounding endothelial cells were not visible due to damage to the extracellular matrix, the alveolar lumen had widened, causing edema in the lumen of the alveoli, and the alveoli wall was destroyed. Therefore, the connection between the alveoli was stretched. Conclusion: This study found that short-term exposure to nicotine vapor causes damage to the alveoli membrane.