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All Journal JURNAL TEKNOLOGI LINGKUNGAN Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Komputer dan Informatika (JITEKI) IJOG : Indonesian Journal on Geoscience ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika Panrita Abdi - Jurnal Pengabdian pada Masyarakat Jurnal Teknologi dan Sistem Komputer JETT (Jurnal Elektro dan Telekomunikasi Terapan) JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) Jurnal Otomasi Kontrol dan Instrumentasi Journal of Health Science and Prevention ComTech: Computer, Mathematics and Engineering Applications TEKTRIKA - Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Telekomunikasi, Kendali, Komputer, Elektrik, dan Elektronika Indonesian Journal of electronics, electromedical engineering, and medical informatics Sawala : Jurnal pengabdian Masyarakat Pembangunan Sosial, Desa dan Masyarakat Engineering Science Letter eProceedings of Engineering Jurnal Rekayasa elektrika Serambi Engineering SWAGATI: Journal of Community Service Indonesian Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics
Husneni Mukhtar
Universitas Telkom
Religion Arts Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Journal : Engineering Science Letter

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Estimation of Blood Glucose Levels Using a Non- Invasive Infrared-Based Optical Sensor: A Pilot Study Mukhtar, Husneni; Zaelani, Muhammad Mugni; Nasrullah, Muhammad Rafy; Susanti, Hesty
Engineering Science Letter Vol. 4 No. 02 (2025): Engineering Science Letter
Publisher : The Indonesian Institute of Science and Technology Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56741/IISTR.esl.001218

Abstract

Blood glucose measurement is critical to diabetes management and prevents chronic complications such as neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy. However, current methods are invasive, uncomfortable, and costly. Although several non-invasive approaches have been explored, no commercially available device offers a simple, affordable, and user-friendly solution for non-invasive blood glucose estimation, particularly one suitable for self-measurement outside clinical settings. This underscores the need for practical and inclusive alternatives. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a blood glucose estimation device using infrared LEDs to measure light transmittance through the fingertip. The research was conducted in two stages: initial testing using glucose solutions with varying concentrations (0.02, 0.06, 0.10, and 0.20 g/ml) and added red dye (0.05, 0.10, and 0.15 ml) to validate the sensor's response, followed by direct validation on human fingers against commercial blood glucose test strip readings. The results showed a strong positive correlation between sensor output and glucose levels, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of r = 0.995. Using a regression-based calibration model, the system achieved a mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.63 mg/dL, and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.72 mg/dL. Cross-validation, such as Bland-Altman analysis and Clarke Error Grid, was conducted to verify model robustness. These preliminary results suggest that the developed system holds strong potential as a simple, affordable, and non-invasive tool for blood glucose self-monitoring, especially in resource-limited settings. However, further validation on larger, more diverse populations is necessary.
Co-Authors Abdi JakaSumarimby Achmad Rizal Ahmad Akbar Khatami Ahmad Alfi Adz Dzikri Alia, Fenty Alief Fikri Sukarno, Muhammad Andi Majesta, I Made Arib Bady Hakim Tanjung Arik Geraldy Fauzi, Muhammad Asep Harja Asep Harja, Asep Asep Mulyana Aziz, Burhanuddin Azzahra Nadya Kahpiasa Bambang Setia Nugroho Basuki Rahmat Bena Bimantara, Wayan Abin Dandi Trianta Barus Desri Kristina Silalahi Dien Rahmawati Diena Yudiarti Doan Perdana Eka Afrima Sari Eka Afrima Sari, Eka Afrima Erwin Susanto Faisal Budiman Faris Fadhlur Rachman Fathonah, Indra Wahyudin Fenty Alia Fikri Ardian GERALDI, ARIK Ghibran Herlangga Zahra Rievansa Hafidh Al Asad Heni Pujiastuti Hesty Susanti Ig Prasetya Wibawa Ikhsan, Akhmad Fauzi Istiqomah istiqomah istiqomah Kahpiasa, Azzahra Nadya Kusna Susanto Kusnahadi Susanto Ledya Novamizanti Lovindo Nulova Makrus, Amar Chairil Mas Rizky A.A. Syamsunarno Maudina Citra Febriani Ma’arif, Farham Rezqi Mochamad Yudha Febrianta Muhammad Hablul Barri Muhammad Rayhan Ghifari Nadia Husnul Nasrullah, Muhammad Rafy Nicola Akmal Afrinaldi Nurdin, Agung Ihwan Parman Sukarno Prameswari Diahasna Tsany - Prastha Giriwara, I Made Pratama, Putu Yoga Ady Razzak, Taufiq Abdul Salam, Zulfikar Sheizi Prista Sari Sifa Nurpadillah Sindiarti, Ardila Siregar, Christian Halomoan SUDIYONO, OOY ARIE Sukmajaya, Jammy Suryo Adhi Wibowo Suto Setiyadi Suyoso, Qozein Arif Syah Putra, Heru Teuku Zulkarnain Muttaqien Wahmisari Priharti Wahyu Gunawan Widiyasari, Diyah Wijaya, Adhi Dharma Surya Willy Anugrah Cahyadi Wiyadhi, Muhammad Danung Putra Yakobus Yulyanto Kevin Yanti Rubiyanti Yoga Pujiraharjo Yogi Febrian Nursyamsa Yulius Anggoro Pamungkas Zaelani, Muhammad Mugni