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All Journal Masalah-Masalah Hukum Jurnal Mahasiswa Bimbingan Konseling Lentera Hukum Jurnal Dinamika Hukum Rechtsidee Perspektif : Kajian Masalah Hukum dan Pembangunan Unes Law Review Jurnal Simbur Cahaya JURNAL RECHTENS Syntax Idea Jurnal Ilmu Hukum KYADIREN Journal of Law, Poliitic and Humanities Jurnal Hukum, Politik dan Ilmu Sosial (JHPIS) Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Eksekusi: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Administrasi Negara Jurnal Anti Korupsi Referendum Konsensus: Jurnal Ilmu Pertahanan, Hukum dan Ilmu Komunikasi Jurnal Cendekia Ilmiah PESHUM Jurnal Begawan Hukum Rechtenstudent Journal ALADALAH: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora Jurnal Kajian Pembaruan Hukum INLAW
Ainul Azizah
Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Jember
Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Computer Science & IT Education Health Professions Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Neuroscience Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Journal : rechtenstudent journal

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Criminal Responsibility in Documents Forgery of Applying Credit Card Silvia Anggraini; Y. A Triana Ohowaitun; Ainul Azizah
Rechtenstudent Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): Rechtenstudent April 2024
Publisher : Sharia Faculty, Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq State Islamic University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/rch.v5i1.324

Abstract

This research discusses criminal liability in cases of forgery of documents in credit card applications which contain an element of inclusion. Forgery of documents in Articles 263 to 276 of the Criminal Code. This research uses a normative juridical research method using three approaches, namely the statutory approach, conceptual approach, and case approach. Consisting of two problem formulations, namely 1) What is the article alleged by the Public Prosecutor in Decision no. 357/Pid.B/2019/PN.Jkt.Pst and Decision No. 358/Pid.B/2019/PN.Jkt.Pst are in accordance with the acts of participation carried out by the defendant? 2) What is the judge's consideration in handing down a decision against the perpetrator of the crime of document forgery in Decision No. 357/Pid.B/2019/PN.Jkt.Pst and Decision No. 358/Pid.B/2019/PN.Jkt.Pst are in accordance with the defendant's guilt? This research results that 1) the element of inclusion in the indictment made by the public prosecutor is not clear about the direction of participation, because the articles being targeted are different, so the indictment must be statedobsciuur libel. 2) the judge's considerations in handing down a decision regarding the criminal act of forgery of documents in decision no. 357/Pid.B/2019/PN.Jkt.Pst is in accordance with the defendant's error, namely fulfilling the element of error by intentionally falsifying a letter, and decision no. 358/Pid.B/2019/PN.Jkt.Pst has fulfilled the element of error by deliberately using a fake letter. However, because one of the elements of the indictment, namely the inclusion element, is considered unclear, one of the decisions must be null and void.
State Financial Losses Recovery Through Asset Forfeiture Raden Yudhi Teguh Santoso; Ainul Azizah; Gautama Budi Arundhati
Rechtenstudent Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Rechtenstudent August 2025
Publisher : Sharia Faculty, Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq State Islamic University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/rch.v6i2.342

Abstract

Indonesia, as a state governed by law (rechtstaat), guarantees the protection of its citizens' constitutional rights, including economic rights. However, the existence of corruption classified as an extraordinary crime has undermined the nation’s economic foundations and deprived the people of their economic entitlements. Law enforcement against corruption must not only focus on punishing perpetrators but also prioritize the recovery of state losses through the mechanism of asset forfeiture derived from criminal acts. This study examines the urgency and dynamics of asset forfeiture within the framework of Indonesia's positive law, including the relevance of Law No. 31 of 1999 in conjunction with Law No. 20 of 2001, and the Indonesian Penal Code (KUHP) of 2023. Furthermore, it discusses the concept of non-conviction based asset forfeiture and the need for a specific Asset Forfeiture Law as a manifestation of the state's commitment to restoring state finances and upholding the rule of law. This research also analyzes the strategic role of the Prosecutor's Office in the asset recovery process, as well as institutional challenges and inter-agency coordination issues in its implementation.
Legal Framework and Criminal Sanctions for Bitcoin-Based Narcotics Transactions Maria Dona Kristina Wati; Ainul Azizah; Fanny Tanuwijaya
Rechtenstudent Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Rechtenstudent August 2025
Publisher : Sharia Faculty, Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq State Islamic University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/rch.v6i2.347

Abstract

The rapid development of digital technology has transformed the global financial landscape with the emergence of virtual currencies such as Bitcoin. As a decentralized digital asset based on blockchain technology, Bitcoin enables fast, anonymous, and cross-border transactions without central authority intervention. While these features offer convenience, they also pose risks of abuse in illegal activities, including narcotics transactions. In Indonesia, the use of Bitcoin in drug-related offenses presents complex legal challenges due to the absence of explicit criminal regulations governing such usage. This study examines the criminal liability of narcotics offenders who utilize Bitcoin, focusing on three core issues: the juridical basis for punishment, the characteristics of punishment under Indonesia’s legal system, and an ideal penal concept for the future. The research employs a normative juridical method with statutory, conceptual, and case study approaches. Findings indicate that punishment remains based on Law No. 35 of 2009 on Narcotics, with Bitcoin regarded as a means rather than a core element of the crime. Although it does not constitute a new offense, its use may aggravate punishment through individualized sentencing. Sanctions involving digital assets remain suboptimal due to regulatory gaps. Therefore, this study recommends revising criminal laws to explicitly regulate Bitcoin use in drug crimes, developing sentencing guidelines that consider technological factors, and formulating responsive penal policies, including asset seizure and inter-agency collaboration through blockchain forensic technology.
A Maqasid al-Shariah Evaluation of the Death Penalty for Child Sexual Crimes Alon Maemanah; Ainul Azizah; Moh. Ali
Rechtenstudent Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): Rechtenstudent August 2026
Publisher : Sharia Faculty, Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq State Islamic University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/rch.v7i2.425

Abstract

Sexual violence, particularly sexual intercourse with children, is a serious crime that causes deep trauma, material and immaterial losses, and threatens the victim’s future. In 2024, Indonesia recorded 8,674 cases. Children, as the weaker party, often become targets, so perpetrators are frequently given severe punishments, including the death penalty. In Islamic law, sexual intercourse with children is equated with the crime of hirabah because it forcibly violates a child’s honor; therefore, harsh punishment, including death, is considered consistent with maqashid shariah in protecting religion, life, intellect, lineage, and property. This study examines the urgency of the death penalty for perpetrators of sexual intercourse with children, the characteristics of this crime, and the future concept of capital punishment within the framework of maqashid shariah. Using a normative juridical method with statutory, conceptual, case, and comparative approaches, the study finds that such acts violate the protection of life, intellect, and lineage, and therefore the death penalty is considered legitimate as protection, prevention, and public benefit, in line with Indonesian law and as a deterrent to this extraordinary crime.
Legal Characteristics of Patents as Collateral Assets in Banking Transactions Habibah Rizqo; Dyah Ochtorina Susanti; Ainul Azizah
Rechtenstudent Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): Rechtenstudent August 2026
Publisher : Sharia Faculty, Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq State Islamic University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/rch.v7i2.426

Abstract

Patents as part of intellectual property possess economic value that can potentially be utilized as collateral in banking financing. The development of Indonesian positive law has normatively recognized patents as fiduciary collateral, particularly following amendments to patent legislation and the enactment of creative economy regulations. Nevertheless, in banking practice, patents have not yet been fully accepted as loan collateral due to various juridical and technical constraints. This article aims to analyze the legal characteristics of patents as objects of fiduciary security, examine their regulation based on the principle of legal certainty, and propose future regulatory directions to enable the effective operationalization of patents as loan collateral. This research employs normative legal research methods using statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that although patents normatively qualify as fiduciary collateral, the absence of valuation standards, execution mechanisms, and integrated registration systems results in insufficient legal certainty. Therefore, comprehensive implementing regulations and an integrated legal framework are required to optimize patents as banking collateral instruments.
State Financial Losses Recovery Through Asset Forfeiture Raden Yudhi Teguh Santoso; Ainul Azizah; Gautama Budi Arundhati
Rechtenstudent Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Rechtenstudent August 2025
Publisher : Sharia Faculty, Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq State Islamic University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/rch.v6i2.342

Abstract

Indonesia, as a state governed by law (rechtstaat), guarantees the protection of its citizens' constitutional rights, including economic rights. However, the existence of corruption classified as an extraordinary crime has undermined the nation’s economic foundations and deprived the people of their economic entitlements. Law enforcement against corruption must not only focus on punishing perpetrators but also prioritize the recovery of state losses through the mechanism of asset forfeiture derived from criminal acts. This study examines the urgency and dynamics of asset forfeiture within the framework of Indonesia's positive law, including the relevance of Law No. 31 of 1999 in conjunction with Law No. 20 of 2001, and the Indonesian Penal Code (KUHP) of 2023. Furthermore, it discusses the concept of non-conviction based asset forfeiture and the need for a specific Asset Forfeiture Law as a manifestation of the state's commitment to restoring state finances and upholding the rule of law. This research also analyzes the strategic role of the Prosecutor's Office in the asset recovery process, as well as institutional challenges and inter-agency coordination issues in its implementation.
Legal Framework and Criminal Sanctions for Bitcoin-Based Narcotics Transactions Maria Dona Kristina Wati; Ainul Azizah; Fanny Tanuwijaya
Rechtenstudent Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Rechtenstudent August 2025
Publisher : Sharia Faculty, Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq State Islamic University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/rch.v6i2.347

Abstract

The rapid development of digital technology has transformed the global financial landscape with the emergence of virtual currencies such as Bitcoin. As a decentralized digital asset based on blockchain technology, Bitcoin enables fast, anonymous, and cross-border transactions without central authority intervention. While these features offer convenience, they also pose risks of abuse in illegal activities, including narcotics transactions. In Indonesia, the use of Bitcoin in drug-related offenses presents complex legal challenges due to the absence of explicit criminal regulations governing such usage. This study examines the criminal liability of narcotics offenders who utilize Bitcoin, focusing on three core issues: the juridical basis for punishment, the characteristics of punishment under Indonesia’s legal system, and an ideal penal concept for the future. The research employs a normative juridical method with statutory, conceptual, and case study approaches. Findings indicate that punishment remains based on Law No. 35 of 2009 on Narcotics, with Bitcoin regarded as a means rather than a core element of the crime. Although it does not constitute a new offense, its use may aggravate punishment through individualized sentencing. Sanctions involving digital assets remain suboptimal due to regulatory gaps. Therefore, this study recommends revising criminal laws to explicitly regulate Bitcoin use in drug crimes, developing sentencing guidelines that consider technological factors, and formulating responsive penal policies, including asset seizure and inter-agency collaboration through blockchain forensic technology.
Co-Authors Aan Efendi Afrihasa, Balqis Nurdiniasari Ahmad Fahrudin Ahmad Mukhlasul Abidin Alex Prasetyo Alon Maemanah Amelia Nur Ramadhani Angga Wardana Anwar, Iryana Balqis Nurdiniasari Afrihasa Danang Tri Hartono Dominikus Rato Dwi Novantoro Dyah Ochtorina Susanti Fanny Tanuwijaya Fanny Tanuwijaya Farah Nizrinia Aulia Fina Fakhriyah Firda Yunita Dewi Furqoni, Laili Gautama Budi Arundhati, Gautama Budi Habi Burrohim Habibah Rizqo Halif Halif Halif Halif, Halif I Gede Widhiana Suarda Jadmiko, Widhi Kahar, Muhammad Paeway Ebiem Khoidin, Muhammad Laely Wulandari M. Arief Amrullah M. Arief Amrullah M. Khoidin Mardiyono Mardiyono Maria Dona Kristina Wati Moh. Ali Moh. Ali Multazaam Muntahaa Nadya Melinda Oktarina Nur Fajrie Nurul Ghufron Pika Sari Pintami Nanda Prihatmini, Sapti Prisma Diyah Ratrini Putri, Dinda Fefty Miranda Raden Yudhi Teguh Santoso Rahmatullah, Khoirul Lukman Ratrini, Prisma Diyah Sieldy Aprilia Utami Silaban, Rendy Tridolok Silvia Anggraini SITI KHODIJAH Sugiarto, Risma Putri Tajus Subki Tannuwijaya, Fanny Y. A Triana Ohowaitun Y. A. Triana Ohoiwutun, Y. A. Triana Yanuarto, Totok Yougha Aulia Mahardi Yougha Aulia Mahardi Yuris, Faza