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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Pendas : Jurnah Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar BIOGENESIS NUSRA: Jurnal Penelitian dan Ilmu Pendidikan Biology and Education Journal (BaEJ)
Wan Syafi’i
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Other

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STRUKTUR PERKEMBANGAN DASAR TUMBUHAN : STUDI EMBRIOGENESIS PADA EMBRIO ARABIDOPSIS Pulungan, Nur Aminah; Wan Syafi’i
Pendas : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar Vol. 10 No. 04 (2025): Volume 10 No. 04 Desember 2025 In Order
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar FKIP Universitas Pasundan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/jp.v10i04.39972

Abstract

Embryogenesis in angiosperms is a critical phase that determines the success of seed development and subsequent plant viability. The analysis shows that embryogenesis proceeds through coordinated stages that include zygote formation, tissue differentiation at the dermatogen and globular stages, and the formation of the shoot apical meristem (SAM), root apical meristem (RAM), and cotyledons at the heart stage. The seed coat, derived from maternal tissue, also undergoes functional differentiation, including the formation of secondary cell walls and the accumulation of protective metabolites such as flavonoids. A comprehensive analysis indicates that Arabidopsis embryogenesis is an integrative process controlled by genetic regulation, interactions between seed compartments, and interdependent metabolic and structural controls. These findings confirm that successful embryo development depends not only on morphogenesis but also on the coordination between the embryo, endosperm, and testa in forming a vigorous and adaptive seed.
REGULASI GENETIK PADA PERKEMBANGAN TUMBUHAN Wandari, Rifa Dwi; Wan Syafi’i
Pendas : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar Vol. 10 No. 04 (2025): Volume 10 No. 04 Desember 2025 Published
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar FKIP Universitas Pasundan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/jp.v10i04.37576

Abstract

Genetic regulation of plant development involves a complex network of transcription factors, microRNAs, epigenetic modifications, and hormonal signals that together determine growth patterns, differentiation, and environmental responses. This review synthesizes findings from five recent (2019–2025) journal articles highlighting roles of key transcription factors, miRNAs, epigenetic mechanisms, and hormonal interplay in controlling root, leaf, and vegetative-to-reproductive transitions. We performed a systematic literature search on databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar) using targeted keywords and selected five representative reviews and studies. Results indicate multilayered integration: (1) transcription factors act as central regulatory nodes; (2) miRNAs fine-tune developmental transitions by regulating target transcripts; (3) epigenetic marks set dynamic chromatin states; and (4) hormone crosstalk aligns environmental cues with genetic programs. CRISPR-based genome editing provides tools for functional dissection and crop improvement. In conclusion, an integrative understanding of genetic regulation offers pathways for targeted interventions to develop more adaptive, productive plant varieties.
PLANT EMBRYOGENESIS: DEVELOPMENTAL AND GENOMIC PERSPECTIVES FROM MODEL TO CROP PLANTS Sekar Ayu Fajarwati; Wan Syafi’i
Pendas : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar Vol. 11 No. 01 (2026): Volume 11 No. 01, Maret 2026 Release
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar FKIP Universitas Pasundan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/jp.v11i01.43476

Abstract

Embryonic development represents an important reproductive phase of sexually reproducing plant spe cies. The fusion of egg and sperm produces the plant zygote, a totipotent cell that, through cell division and cell identity specification in early embryogenesis, establishes the major cell lineages and tissues of the adult plant. The subsequent morphogenesis phase produces the full-sized embryo, while the late embryogenesis maturation process prepares the seed for dormancy and subsequent germination, ensuring continuation of the plant life cycle. In this review on embryogenesis, we compare the model eudi cot Arabidopsis thaliana with monocot crops, focusing on genome activation, paternal and maternal regu lation of early zygote development, and key organizers of patterning, such as auxin and WOX transcription factors. While the early stages of embryo development areapparently conserved among plant species, embryo maturation programs have diversified between eudicots and monocots. This diversification in crop species reflects the likely effects of domestication on seed quality traits that are determined during embryo maturation, and also assures seed germination in different environmental conditions. This review describes the most important features of embryonic development in plants, and the scope and applications of geno mics in plant embryo studies.
HOMEOSTASIS SEL PUNCA DAN PEMBELAHAN SEL PADA MERISTEM TUMBUHAN: TINJAUAN KOMPREHENSIF JALUR REGULASI Ariani, Dwi; Wan Syafi’i
Pendas : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar Vol. 11 No. 02 (2026): Volume 11 No. 2, Juni 2026 Publish
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar FKIP Universitas Pasundan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/jp.v11i02.49553

Abstract

Meristems in plants, including the shoot apical meristem (SAM), root apical meristem (RAM), and cambium, maintain a balance between stem cell proliferation and differentiation to support the growth of new organs. This article aims to review recent literature (2024–2026) on meristem organization and the regulation of cell division rates in plant roots and shoots. The methodology employed is a systematic literature review of 10 relevant journals, comprising experimental studies and review articles focusing on genetic pathways (WUS-CLV3, WOX5-CLE, TDIF-PXY), transcription factors (WUS, WOX5, KNOX, PLT, NAC, MYB), hormonal regulation (auxin, cytokinin, brassinosteroids, ethylene), epigenetics, cellular mechanics, and metabolism. The analysis shows that stem cell homeostasis is achieved through the integration of genetic feedback loops, hormonal cross-talk, epigenetic regulation, and mechanical regulation, which together control proliferation, differentiation, the orientation of symmetric and asymmetric cell division, and intercellular communication through plasmodesmata and the extracellular matrix. Metabolic and redox status also support meristem adaptation to environmental conditions. These findings provide a holistic overview of meristem regulatory mechanisms in plants and serve as a conceptual foundation for further research, crop improvement, and a deeper understanding of organogenesis.
KOMUNIKASI ANTAR SEL DAN INFORMASI POSISI DALAM EMBRIOGENESIS TUMBUHAN: TINJAUAN PUSTAKA Fazri, Noriega; Wan Syafi’i
Pendas : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar Vol. 11 No. 02 (2026): Volume 11 No. 2, Juni 2026 Publish
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar FKIP Universitas Pasundan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/jp.v11i02.50496

Abstract

Plant embryogenesis involves cell differentiation, pattern formation, and the establishment of apical meristems (shoot and root) that determine cell fate based on positional cues and intercellular signals. This article aims to review the recent literature (2022–2025) on cell-to-cell communication mechanisms and positional information during embryogenesis in model plants, including Arabidopsis thaliana and Cyathea delgadii. The methodology employed is a systematic literature review of five primary articles, encompassing universal embryonic body plan models, cell wall remodeling and callose deposition, structural pathways of gametophyte cell communication, the role of master transcription factors (BBM, WUS, WOX, LEC1/2, PLT), and mobile signals including miRNAs that provide positional information. The analysis indicates that cell position and intercellular communication guide differentiation and meristem maintenance through the integration of structural, molecular, and genetic regulatory pathways. Cell walls, arabinogalactan proteins, pectin, extensins, and callose contribute to symplastic and apoplastic communication, while mobile transcription factors and miRNAs form gradients that are interpreted by target cells to regulate cell identity. This review identifies gaps related to spatiotemporal signal coordination, integration of molecular and epigenetic gradients, and the application of these models to non-model plants. The findings provide a conceptual foundation for developing universal models of plant embryogenesis, biotechnological manipulation, and further research on organogenesis.
INVENTARISASI SERANGGA POLINATOR PADA TANAMAN CABAI (CAPSICUM ANNUUM) DI DESA TANJUNG KUDU Ramadayanti, Nia; Darmadi; Wan Syafi’i
Pendas : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar Vol. 11 No. 02 (2026): Volume 11 No. 2, Juni 2026 Publish
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar FKIP Universitas Pasundan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/jp.v11i02.51997

Abstract

Pollinating insects are an important component of agricultural ecosystems because they contribute to the pollination process of flowering plants, including chili pepper (Capsicum annuum). The presence of pollinating insects in the agricultural land of Tanjung Kudu Village needs to be identified, as a decline in pollinator activity may affect the success of pollination and fruit formation in chili plants. This study aimed to inventory the species of pollinating insects found on chili plants (Capsicum annuum) in Tanjung Kudu Village. This research was a qualitative descriptive study conducted non-destructively using an exploratory survey method with purposive random sampling. Observations were carried out along three routes using the strip transect method. Pollinating insects were captured using an insect net in the morning and afternoon, and were subsequently identified based on morphological characteristics, including the head, thorax, abdomen, wing shape, wing color, and body color. Supporting parameters observed included air temperature, relative humidity, light intensity, and wind speed. The results showed that 12 species of pollinating insects were found on chili plants in Tanjung Kudu Village, namely Apis cerana, Xylocopa aestuans, Xylocopa latipes, Vespa tropica, Hypolimnas bolina, Acraea terpsicore, Junonia orithya, Junonia atlites, Ideopsis vulgaris, Appias libythea, Appias olferna, and Eurema hecabe. These insect species belong to the orders Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera, which play a role in supporting the pollination process of chili plants. Thus, the presence of pollinating insects on chili plants in Tanjung Kudu Village indicates a diversity of pollinator insects that has the potential to support pollination success and chili plant productivity.
KARAKTERISTIK AKAR RENGAS (GLUTA RENGHAS L.) DI DESA BULUH CINA KECAMATAN SIAK HULU KABUPATEN KAMPAR RIAU Indriani, Vema Dewi; Wan Syafi’i; Yustina
Pendas : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar Vol. 11 No. 02 (2026): Volume 11 No. 2, Juni 2026 Publish
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar FKIP Universitas Pasundan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/jp.v11i02.52316

Abstract

Buluh Cina Village is a riparian area in the Kampar River Basin with diverse habitat conditions, ranging from permanently flooded areas and periodically flooded areas to non-flooded areas. These environmental conditions are assumed to influence the root characteristics of rengas (Gluta renghas L.), a plant species commonly found in riparian and freshwater swamp habitats. This study aimed to determine the morphological and anatomical characteristics of rengas roots (Gluta renghas L.) in Buluh Cina Village, Siak Hulu District, Kampar Regency, Riau. This research used a mixed methods approach with a naturalistic perspective and descriptive survey method. Data were collected through direct observation and documentation at three research stations, namely Station I as a permanently flooded area, Station II as a periodically flooded area, and Station III as a non-flooded area. The observed parameters included root length, root diameter, root color, number of lateral roots, presence of adventitious roots, and root anatomical structures consisting of the epidermis, cortex, aerenchyma, xylem, and phloem. The results showed differences in rengas root characteristics among the three stations. Morphologically, Station I was characterized by a larger main root diameter, horizontally spreading lateral roots, and the presence of adventitious roots. Station II showed transitional characteristics, while Station III had longer main roots with shorter and more concentrated lateral roots. Anatomically, Station I showed a thicker cortex and the clearest aerenchyma development, Station II had fewer aerenchyma tissues, whereas Station III had a denser cortex and no visible aerenchyma. These differences indicate that rengas roots exhibit adaptive characteristics in response to variations in flooding conditions within riparian habitats.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN LITERASI SAINS DALAM SOAL ULANGAN HARIAN PADA MATERI SEL KELAS XI TAHUN PELAJARAN 2025/2026 SMA SE-KECAMATAN SEBERIDA Anggraini, Agnesty Nugie; Wan Syafi’i; Imam Mahadi
Pendas : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar Vol. 11 No. 02 (2026): Volume 11 No. 2, Juni 2026 Publish
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar FKIP Universitas Pasundan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/jp.v11i02.52933

Abstract

The low level of students’ scientific literacy in Indonesia remains a significant challenge in 21st-century education. One of the contributing factors is the use of assessment instruments that predominantly measure lower-order thinking skills (LOTS) and have not fully facilitated the development of scientific literacy competencies. In the topic of cell biology for Grade XI students, learners are expected not only to understand concepts but also to analyze phenomena, interpret data, and evaluate scientific investigations. This study aimed to analyze the scientific literacy competencies embedded in daily assessment questions on cell biology for Grade XI students in the 2025/2026 academic year at senior high schools across Seberida District. The study employed a descriptive qualitative approach using content analysis. Data were collected through documentation of daily assessment questions and teaching modules, as well as semi-structured interviews with Biology teachers from SMA Negeri 1 Seberida, SMA Negeri 2 Seberida, and SMA Muhammadiyah Seberida. Data analysis was conducted based on the scientific literacy indicators outlined in the PISA framework, including explaining scientific phenomena, interpreting data and scientific evidence, and evaluating and designing scientific investigations. The results revealed that, of the 30 items analyzed, the aspect of explaining scientific phenomena obtained the highest percentage at 60% (high category), followed by interpreting data and scientific evidence at 23.3% (moderate category), and evaluating and designing scientific investigations at 16.7% (low category). Furthermore, the assessment items were still dominated by LOTS questions, accounting for 56.7%, while HOTS questions constituted 43.3%. Therefore, the scientific literacy competencies reflected in the daily assessment questions on cell biology for Grade XI students in senior high schools across Seberida District have not yet been optimally developed and should be enhanced through the integration of HOTS-oriented and scientific literacy-based assessment items.
PENGARUH KOMBINASI HORMON 2,4-D DAN BAP TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BIJI PEDADA (SONNERATIA CASEOLARIS (L.) ENGL.) SECARA IN VITRO Nabila, Inez Putri; Imam Mahadi; Wan Syafi’i
Pendas : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar Vol. 11 No. 02 (2026): Volume 11 No. 2, Juni 2026 Publish
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar FKIP Universitas Pasundan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/jp.v11i02.53767

Abstract

Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engl. is a mangrove species with high ecological and economic value; however, its propagation remains constrained by several limitations. Plant tissue culture offers an alternative method for producing large quantities of uniform seedlings, with growth success largely influenced by the application of plant growth regulators. This study aimed to determine the effect of combinations of 2,4-D and BAP on the in vitro growth of pedada seed explants. The research employed an experimental method using a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of various concentrations of 2,4-D and BAP. The observed parameters included explant emergence time, explant growth percentage, explant height, and number of leaves. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% significance level. The results showed that the combination of 2,4-D and BAP significantly affected all growth parameters of the explants. The treatment consisting of 5 mg/L 2,4-D and 1.5 mg/L BAP produced the best response, with the fastest explant emergence time of 2 days after culture initiation, a 100% explant growth rate, the greatest explant height of 2.76 cm, and the highest number of leaves, reaching 4 leaves per explant. Therefore, the combination of 5 mg/L 2,4-D and 1.5 mg/L BAP was the most effective treatment for promoting the in vitro growth of pedada seed explants.
Co-Authors Adinar Adinar Alawiyah Alawiyah Ana Wahyuni Anggraini, Agnesty Nugie Ardiyas Robi Saputra Ariani, Dwi Arnentis ' Arnentis Arnentis Athaya Hasna Abiyya Bella Dianda Utami Darmadi Darmadi Darmadi Darmawati ' Darmawati Darmawati Dede Gusdiana Desti Nurfa Dila Dewi Irma Hastuti Eka Sari Ninsih Elya Febrita Evi Suryawati Fazri, Noriega Fitra Suzanti Fitria Lisni Purba Gultom, Putri Rohani Herma Willia Safitri Hestiyani Hestiyani Imam Mahadi Indah Aida Fatihah Indriani, Vema Dewi Irda Sayuti Kun Ma’rifatin L.N. Firdaus Mariani Natalina Mariani Natalina. L Muhammad Darus Mulyani Tri Rahayu Nabila, Inez Putri Nursal Nursal Nurul Destia Anggraini Ardi Peni Defita Sari Pulungan, Nur Aminah R. Asri Febri Siska Rama Febriza Amethys Ramadayanti, Nia Resi Okta Safitri Riki Apriyandi Putra Rini Farmita Sari Riyanti Riyanti Rofika Setyari Romita Romita Rosmaini S Sekar Ayu Fajarwati Sri Putri Ayu SRI WULANDARI Suci Ananda Fitri Suci Ramadhani, Suci Suwondo ' Syovia Heryeni Uvi Laila Veren Vivin Wahyu Rakhma Dhanti Wandari, Rifa Dwi Welly Juli Ariesta Widya Astariana Wilda Farida Yeni Sari Yosi Emelda Yuslim Fauziah Yustina Yustina Yustina Zulfa Zulfa