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All Journal Agrikultura Zuriat Cropsaver : Journal of Plant Protection Dharmakarya : Jurnal Aplikasi Ipteks Untuk Masyarakat Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Jurnal Ilmiah Berkala: Sains dan Terapan Kimia
Danar Dono
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Public Health

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Identifikasi Molekuler Isolat Bakteri Entomopatogen, Uji Keamanan Hayati serta Potensinya untuk Pengendalian Serangga Hama Susanti, Rista; Widiantini, Fitri; Dono, Danar
Agrikultura Vol 35, No 3 (2024): Desember, 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/agrikultura.v35i3.58413

Abstract

Bakteri entomopatogen merupakan mikroorganisme dengan potensi besar sebagai sumber toksin dan metabolit yang dapat digunakan dalam program pengendalian serangga hama, salah satunya adalah bakteri Serratia marcescens. Toksin dan enzim degradatif ekstraseluler seperti protease dan kitinase yang disekresi oleh S. marcescens merupakan faktor virulensi, sehingga membuat bakteri ini sangat mematikan bagi serangga. Bakteri entomopatogen sebagai agen pengendali hama harus ramah lingkungan dan tidak berbahaya baik bagi manusia maupun spesies non-target. Pengujian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi bakteri entomopatogen secara molekuler dengan target S. marcescens dari berbagai sumber serangga terinfeksi, kemudian dilakukan pengujian terkait potensinya dalam mengendalikan serangga hama dan uji keamanan hayati meliputi uji aktivitas kitinase dan uji aktivitas protease, uji hemolisis darah, uji hipersensitivitas, serta uji resistensi antibiotik. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Agens Hayati dan Laboratorium Molekuler Balai Besar Peramalan Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan (BBPOPT) Jatisari Karawang pada bulan Oktober 2023-Februari 2024. Hasil identifikasi secara molekuler dengan Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) menunjukkan bahwa dari 12 isolat bakteri kode Sm01-Sm12, 11 isolat teridentifikasi sebagai Serratia marcescens sedangkan isolat Sm03 teridentifikasi sebagai Serratia nematodiphila. Isolat Sm02, Sm07 dan Sm11 memiliki aktivitas kitinolitik dan proteolitik serta tidak menunjukkan reaksi hemolisis darah dan hipersensitif tanaman tembakau. Isolat Sm02 dan Sm07 sensitif terhadap 8 jenis antibiotik yang diujikan, yaitu Chloramphenicol 30 µg, Doxycycline 30 µg, Cefotaxime 30 µg, Sulphamethoxazole 25 µg, Ciprofloxacin 5 µg, Gentamicin 10 µg, Amikacin 30 µg, dan Tetracycline 30 µg, sedangkan Sm11 sensitif terhadap 6 jenis antibiotik yang diujikan selain Doxycycline dan Tetracycline. Dengan demikian, bakteri entomopatogen Serratia marcescens isolat Sm02, Sm07 dan Sm11 merupakan isolat yang berpotensi untuk dimanfaatkan dalam pengendalian serangga hama, serta layak untuk pengujian-pengujian tahap selanjutnya.
Controlling Bactrocera spp Fruit Flies Using Several Essential Oils from Clove, Lemongrass, Citronella Grass and Eucalyptus Plants on Chili Plants (Capsicum annuum L.) Purnawan, Pupung; Hidayat, Yusup; Dono, Danar
CROPSAVER Vol 8, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v8i1.62092

Abstract

Fruit flies are the main pests on chili plants. Controlling fruit flies using synthetic insecticides can leave residues that are harmful to health. An alternative control that is relatively safe for the environment and human health is to use natural pesticides such as essential oils. This study aimed to obtain essential oils that are effective in controlling fruit fly attacks on chili plants. The study used an experimental method with a randomized block design (RAK) consisting of 5 essential oil treatments, namely clove leaf oil, lemongrass oil, citronella grass oil, eucalyptus oil and clove flower oil, along with a synthetic insecticide (Deltamethrin 25 g/L) and control. The experiment was repeated 4 times. Observations were made on the intensity of fruit fly attacks on chili fruit, insecticide efficacy, its effect on natural enemies and the weight of chili fruit. The results of the experiment showed that all essential oils tested, except clove flower oil, could significantly suppress Bactrocera spp. attacks on chili plants. The lowest percentage of fruit fly attacks was found in the clove leaf oil treatment, which was 59.17%, whereas in control it reached 93,84 %. The use of essential oils including clove leaf oil did not significantly affect the population of the natural enemies, ladybug (Harmonia. axyridis) and praying mantis (Mantis religiosa). All essential oils tested, except eucalyptus oil, also did not significantly affect the population of the natural enemy spider (Araneus ventricosus). There was no significant difference in the weight of chili fruit between all treatments tested.
Evaluation Behavior of Highland Vegetable Farmers on West Bandung Regency To Use Good Pesticide Practices Rasiska, Siska; Sudarjat, Sudarjat; Dono, Danar; Suganda, Tarkus; Setiawan, Iwan
CROPSAVER Vol 8, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v8i1.62005

Abstract

Synthetic pesticides are one of the pest control substances most widely used by highland vegetable farmers, including insecticides and fungicides. This research aims to evaluate the use of pesticides by highland vegetable farmers in Lembang and Cisarua Districts, West Bandung Regency. The methods used in this research are surveys and observations. Interviews using questionnaires were conducted with 90 highland vegetable farmers, in-depth interviews with extension workers and exporter institutions. Secondary data was obtained from the horticultural crop agriculture service and the Agriculture, Fisheries, and Forestry Extension Center. These data were analyzed descriptively regarding the knowledge, awareness, and skills of highland vegetable farmers in using pesticides. The results of the research show that highland vegetable farmers in Lembang and Cisarua Districts, West Bandung Regency, know the information on labels, especially dosage, target pests, method of application, and type of plant, also know the function of pesticides, dangers, prohibitions on disposing of pesticide waste, and the reasons. Farmers know the SOP for pesticide use from promotional materials, and direct training, as well as from extension workers. Farmers buy and use their own pesticides at agricultural shops, considering the target organisms and efficacy based on information from fellow farmers. Farmers mix two types of pesticides with water as a solvent,  put it first in a bucket, and stir with a stirrer. Pesticides are applied at 10.00-15.00 until they are finished, then wash the hands. Pesticides are stored in a locked place, such as a warehouse, and out of reach of children, and the packaging is burned. Farmers need to be given counseling and training on the correct SOPs, starting from preparation to handling spray equipment and waste.
Co-Authors Afifah Nashirotul Haq Argo Utomo Ceppy Nasahi DJOKO PRIJONO Emelda Anggraini Endah Yulia Entun Santosa Entun Santosa Erawati, Alfira Dewi Ernaldi Eka Nanda Fauziaty, Muthia Riefka Febritami, Giannisa Fitri Widiantini Gigih Ibnu Prayoga Gilang, Rama Ginanjar Haq, Afifah Nashirotul Hedi Paramita Irpan Permana Iwan Setiawan Lindung Tri Puspasari Lindung Tri Puspasari Mia Sukma Dewi Muhammad Maksum Mukhamad Agung Yusuf Nanda, Ernaldi Eka Narendra, Nathanael Dimas Neneng Sri Widayani Nenet Susniahti Neni Rostini Nono Carsono Nono Carsono Paramita, Hedi Purnawan, Pupung R. Arif Malik Ramadhan Raden Arif Malik Ramadhan Rama Ginanjar Gilang Rani Maharani Rika Meliansyah RIKA MELIANSYAH Rismanto Rismanto Safri Ishmayana Safri Ishmayana Santika Sari SIska Rasiska, SIska Sri Hartati Sudarjat Sudarjat Susanti, Rista Susniahty, Nenet Syarif Hidayat Tarkus Suganda TATI NURHAYATI Teddy Budiyansyah Unang Supratman Usyati, N Widayani, Neneng Sri Widayani, Neneng Sri Yogas Dwi Pratiwi Yusuf Hidayat Yusuf Hidayat Yusup Hidayat