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All Journal Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif AL-HUKAMA´ AJIS : Academic Journal of Islamic Studies Journal of Islamic Civilization Kalijaga Journal of Communication Journal of Islamic and Law Studies (JILS) Legal Protection for the Partnership Agreement Parties Penamas TAJDID: Jurnal Ilmu Ushuluddin International Journal of Law and Society Al-Wasatiyah: Journal of Religious Moderation JIGC (Journal of Islamic Guidance and Counseling) Harmony Philosophy: International Journal of Islamic Religious Studies and Sharia Islamic Law and Social Issues in Society
Edi Kurniawan
Fakultas Syariah UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi
Religion Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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Journal : Islamic Law and Social Issues in Society

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From Content Creators to Zakat Payers: The Fatwa of Indonesian Ulema Council and the Rise of Digital Fiqh Kurniawan, Edi; Ahmad, Humaira; Muhamad Zaenal Muttaqin
Islamic Law and Social Issues in Society Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Islamic Law and Social Issues in Society
Publisher : Tuah Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64929/ilsiis.v1i2.9

Abstract

This article examines the juridical transformation of digital content creators into zakat payers within the framework of contemporary Islamic law. The rapid expansion of Indonesia’s digital creative economy, with professions such as YouTubers and Instagram celebrities earning substantial yet fluctuating incomes, raises urgent questions regarding the applicability of classical zakat provisions to modern revenue models. Therefore, this article critically analyzes the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) Fatwa No. 1 of 2024 on Zakat for Digital Content Creators, issued during the 8th National Fatwa Commission Conference. Using a juridical-normative method combined with content analysis, this article examines fatwa texts, Qur’anic and hadith foundations, and both classical and contemporary fiqh perspectives, triangulated with recent literature on Islamic law in the digital economy. The findings demonstrate that the fatwa categorizes creators’ income as māl mustafād (acquired wealth) subject to zakat once it reaches the niṣāb equivalent of 85 grams of gold, with rates of 2.5% (lunar year) or 2.57% (solar year). Its flexibility in permitting zakat payment upon receipt of income, without waiting for a full ḥawl, reflects Islamic law’s responsiveness to irregular digital earnings. This article concludes that the fatwa not only regulates wealth redistribution (ḥifẓ al-māl) and reinforces ethical content production (ḥifẓ al-dīn), but also marks a significant step in the rise of digital fiqh. Its key contribution lies in proposing a practical zakat calculation model for multi-source digital income while highlighting taysīr (facilitation) and rafʿ al-ḥaraj (removal of hardship) as normative foundations for Shariah adaptation in the digital economy.
Co-Authors Ahmad Mustaniruddin Ahmad, Humaira Alhusni Alrumayh, Safa Husayn Amin Muhtar, Amin Asad Isma Dody Sulistio Handesman, Handesman Illy Yanti Ishaq, Ishaq Liza, Fitri Luhuringbudi, Teguh Marda, Syahrul Massuhartono Massuhartono Massuhartono Masuwd, Mowafg Abrahem Muchimah Muhamad Zaenal Muttaqin Muhammad Romli Samae, Syarif Bin Mukhlas Nugraha Mulyatin, Prisma Mustajab, Muhammad Muttaqin, Muhamad Zaenal Nabilah Yusof Najib, Khairun Najmi Pirmani, Ulfa R. M. Imam Abdillah Rahmad Maulana Rahmadi Rahmadi Rizani, Akhmad Kamil Safa Husayn Alrumayh Sembiring, Rinawati Teguh Luhuringbudi Tri Gunawan Ulul Albab Fadhlan Widya Astuti Wilnan Fatahillah Yahya Shaykh Ahmad