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Enhancing Community Awareness on Halal Product Certification in Rural Yogyakarta: A Legal and Practical Intervention Gunawan, Yordan
Borobudur Journal on Legal Services Vol 6 No 1 (2025): Issue in Progress
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/bjls.v6i1.13777

Abstract

This community service program aims to increase public awareness and business owners' understanding of the importance of halal product certification through legal and practical approaches in Dusun Ngringin and Dusun Pragak, Semanu District, Gunung Kidul Regency. Halal certification is key to ensuring product quality and compliance with Islamic law, as well as opening up broader market opportunities. The program was carried out through counseling, dissemination, and practical assistance on the halal certification process. The results indicate a significant increase in participants' understanding of the procedures and benefits of halal certification. Furthermore, business owners showed enthusiasm to begin the halal certification process, although challenges related to cost and administrative procedures remain. This program contributes to local economic development and empowering small and medium enterprises (SMEs) by improving the quality of halal products, thereby opening up opportunities in both domestic and international markets.
ANALYSIS OF EQUATORIAL STATES' SOVEREIGN RIGHTS OVER GEOSTATIONARY ORBIT UNDER OUTER SPACE TREATY Gunawan, Yordan; Putri, Ayi Leoni; Setya, Putri Nurhaliza Anugerah
Diponegoro Law Review Vol 10, No 1 (2025): Diponegoro Law Review April 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/dilrev.10.1.2025.54-67

Abstract

Until 2024, equatorial countries are going to stand for the right to sovereignty and even the right to fair and proportional use of geostationary orbit. Equatorial states, despite their geographical advantages, face unequal access and disadvantages when it comes to the geostationary orbit. The prevailing procedures in place actually pose challenges for these states. This research employs normative legal methods to examine the rights and sovereignty claims of equatorial countries in relation to the utilisation of the geostationary orbit. Based on the findings of this study, it is evident that equatorial countries' assertions of sovereignty lack justification under current international legal frameworks. However, this research also provides a solution to revamp the mechanism for governing the utilisation of geostationary orbits. This solution is built upon the principle of special and differential treatment, which has been adopted by the World Trade Organisation (WTO). By embracing this principle, there is optimism that equatorial countries will have a better chance at accessing the geostationary orbit in a just and balanced manner. This will enable them to fully utilise their geographical advantages while staying within the boundaries of international regulations.
PROTECTING PALESTINIAN CHILDREN IN GAZA: LEGAL ENFORCEMENT OF THE UNITED NATIONS CHILD RIGHTS CONVENTION Gunawan, Yordan; Putra, Muhammad Raqi Pratama; Mareto, Irvan
Masalah-Masalah Hukum Vol 54, No 2 (2025): MASALAH-MASALAH HUKUM
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/mmh.54.2.2025.283-295

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) in protecting children’s rights in Palestine, particularly in Gaza, which has experienced severe violations of children’s rights due to Israeli attacks since October 2023. Israel, as a state party to the UNCRC, has been found to fail in fulfilling its obligations to protect Palestinian children. The ongoing conflict has resulted in over 17,000 child fatalities, with thousands more injured and separated from their families, while their rights to life, development, education, and protection from violence have been severely breached. Although the UNCRC aims to safeguard children’s rights globally, the violations in Gaza highlight the weaknesses in its implementation. This research employs a normative legal research methodology, analyzing international legal documents, including the UNCRC, the 1948 Genocide Convention, and related international law. The findings of this study reveal that, despite Israel’s ratification of the UNCRC, the country continues to violate Palestinian children’s rights, particularly through mass killings, the destruction of educational and healthcare infrastructure, and the blockade obstructing access to essential services. This study suggests the need for strengthening international law enforcement mechanisms, including reforms in the UNCRC’s monitoring body and greater involvement of international organizations such as UNICEF, along with the removal of veto power in the UN Security Council, to ensure Israel's accountability for the violations of children’s rights occurring in Gaza.
Journalist Protection on the Battlefield Under the International Humanitarian Law: Russia-Ukraine War Gunawan, Yordan; Budiman, Arif; Fauziah, Nafiza; Syamsudin, Wa Ode Fithrah Az-zalia
Jurnal Hukum Vol 39, No 1 (2023): Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Unissula

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/jh.39.1.1-11

Abstract

The work of journalists on the battlefield is a tough duty with all the consequences and the threat of death that can occur at any time. This also happen to the journalist in the war between Russia and Ukraine. The case of two journalist of Fox News who were killed outside the capital city Kiev because the vehicle they were traveling in was shot in the city of Horenka. The purpose of this study is to find out whether the rights of journalists on the battlefield, especially in the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, can be protected by the existence of International Humanitarian Law (IHL). The method used is doctrinal and hermeneutic with data collection techniques, namely document studies and "analyze" or "interpret" prescription texts and legal constructions on the secondary data. The results of this study prove that there are still many violations of the existence of IHL, especially in the 1949 Geneva Conventions in terms of legal protection for journalists on the battlefield.
PERSPECTIVE OF INTERNATIONAL LAW ON MARITIME DISPUTE: CASE BETWEEN KENYA AND SOMALIA Gunawan, Yordan; Salim, Andi Agus; Asirwadana, Ewaldo; Prasetyo, Satya Bayu
Jurnal Hukum Vol 37, No 2 (2021): Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Unissula

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/jh.37.2.69-84

Abstract

The research analysed the maritime dispute between Kenya and Somalia under the international law perspective. Both states have been experiencing maritime disputes over maritime boundaries of more than 100,000 sq km of seabed in the waters of the Indian Ocean. They began to clash after Somalia accusing Kenya of illegally granting exploration rights to resources in the waters to multinational companies, Total and Eni. As Kenya declared, the waters of the East African Coast are one of the hottest oil exploration prospects in the world, and the contested area has hydrocarbon reserves. The research method is normative legal research. Accordingly, the nature of the research was descriptive-qualitative with data collection techniques by conducting a literature study. The research shows that maritime boundary dispute has worsened diplomatic relations between Kenya and Somalia. Prior to bringing the case to the International Court of Justice (ICJ), the two states agreed to resolve the dispute through bilateral negotiations. However, the case was still unsettled. Therefore, Somalia decided to bring the case before the Court.
Kafala v. Human Rights Migrant Workers at the 2022 Qatar World Cup Gunawan, Yordan; Akbar, M. Fabian; Corral, Eva Ferrer
Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): Reforming Legal Frameworks: Justice, Rights, and Innovation in Indonesia and Be
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jils.v9i2.2601

Abstract

The research analyzes violations of human rights against immigrant workers at the 2022 Qatar World Cup. After receiving the privilege of hosting the 2022 World Cup, Qatar was faced with the problem of migrant workers, which has become a concern of the world community. Migrant workers who build infrastructure face discriminatory and exploitative treatment, and hundreds of migrant workers are found working on infrastructure development for the 2022 World Cup, where workers are affected by human rights violations by the companies where they work. The problem is due to the existence of the Kafala system, which is considered to be the root cause of all aspects of the migrant workforce in infrastructure development in Qatar through 2022. The research method used is normative legal research with a case approach. The results of the study show that the sponsorship kafala system implemented by Qatar only facilitates the occurrence of modern slavery through the exploitation of the rights of migrant workers. Therefore, the research examines Qatar's actions on human rights violations and the International Labour Organization (ILO) accountability in efforts to influence policies related to migrant workers in Qatar.
The Human Rights Violation in India's Hijab Ban and the Need for Community Advocacy Gunawan, Yordan; Mulloh, Ahmad Fahmi Ilham; Syamsu, Andi Pramudya; Manuel Beltrán Genovés
Yuridika Vol. 39 No. 2 (2024): Volume 39 No 2 May 2024
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ydk.v39i2.49422

Abstract

The Karnataka state government banned the hijab in schools on February 5, 2022, and several women petitioned the Karnataka High Court to overturn it. A panel of three judges concluded on March 15, 2022, that the hijab is not an important Islamic practice. By punishing females for their wardrobe choices, the court stressed conformity above girls' access to education. The hijab prohibition is part of a pattern of discrimination against Muslim women that violates their human rights. With the rise of authoritarianism, a new form of feminism is emerging in which Muslim girls in India are challenging the authorities and resisting asserting their identity and preferences. Previous research has described human rights violations experienced by Indian female students regarding court decisions. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to investigate the human rights violations that have been disclosed as a result of India's hijab ban which employs normative juridical research methodologies. The method refers to a legal research approach that involves the examination of written law from multiple perspectives. The High Court's verdict worsens Muslim girls and women's education-related harassment, trauma, and prejudice. Muslim students removing their hijabs and burqas before entering schools is a difficult topic that requires neutrality. The verdict would affect the Indian Constitution and the Muslim population, especially hijab-wearing women. United Nations (UN) Women has backed all initiatives of India's Ministry of Women and Child Development that seek to advocate for those affected by the hijab ban to promote gender equality and prevent discrimination against women.
THE VALIDITY OF TURKEY-LIBYA’S AGREEMENT ON MARITIME BOUNDARIES IN INTERNATIONAL LAW Gunawan, Yordan; Sastra, Verocha Jayustin; Prakosa, Adyatma Tsany; Ovitasari, Mutia; Kurniasih, Lathifah Yuli
Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan Vol 9 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Pusat Strategi Kebijakan Hukum dan Peradilan Mahkamah Agung RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25216/jhp.9.2.2020.170-185

Abstract

The conflicts between Turkey and Greece have been going on for a long time. Several conflicts caused tension between Turkey and Greece, such as the territory of Aegean, Cyprus, and other problems. The tension increased because the bilateral agreement between Turkey and Libya on the maritime boundaries of the Eastern Mediterranean, which signed in 2019, was opposed by Greece because the Agreement did not take into account the existence of the island which owned by Greece. The Agreement between Turkey and Libya made Greece furious because Greece considered that the action violated Greece’s sovereignty. The research aims to find out further about the validity of the agreement between Turkey and Libya on the maritime boundaries, which threatened Greece’s sovereignty. By using normative legal research, the research emphasizes the bilateral agreement between Turkey and Libya is invalid since it against the international law principles, namely sovereignty of states, good faith, good neighborhood, and Treaty of Amity and Cooperation. The paper will contribute to giving a theoretical understanding regarding aspects that need to be considered, outside the procedural aspects, when a state wants to make an agreement with another state, according to international law.
The Dark Side Of Fast Fashion: Examining The Exploitation Of Garment Workers In Bangladesh Gunawan, Yordan; Matahariza, Anandiva; Putri, Wiwit Kharisma
Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan Vol 12 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Pusat Strategi Kebijakan Hukum dan Peradilan Mahkamah Agung RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25216/jhp.12.3.2023.441-468

Abstract

There have been several attempts to decrease the usage of fast fashion, but no one has been able to stop its development. We are aware that fast fashion is a business model that imitates the most recent catwalk trends, has evolved into high fashion, is produced in large quantities, and is priced affordably. Fast fashion has come under fire from a wide range of people due to the fact that no worker receives the minimum wage, yet products must be mass-produced. In addition to examining the legal and regulatory framework for protecting Bangladesh garment industry workers to fulfill their rights as laborers and how these rights are applied, this article looks at the shadowy side of fast fashion in Bangladesh. This paper elaborates on Bangladesh's experience in managing the situation of a garment industry building that collapsed in 2013, killing hundreds of people inside, using a normative analysis-oriented approach. This study demonstrates that Bangladesh's legal and regulatory framework for worker protection has yet to explicitly state what rights workers are entitled to. Another factor is that Bangladesh does not yet have a robust and consistent practice of human rights-based instruments considered in court and that law enforcement does not fully grasp how to execute these rights. At the same time, it is crucial to improve law enforcement interpretation for worker-focused solutions, giving their rights, and promoting human rights practices in Bangladesh.
Command Responsibility of Autonomous Weapons Systems under International Humanitarian Law Gunawan, Yordan; Aulawi, Mohammad Haris; Ramadhan, Andi Rizal
Jurnal Cita Hukum Vol. 7 No. 3 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jch.v7i3.11725

Abstract

AbstractWar and Technological development have been linked for centuries. States and military leaders have been searching for weapon systems that will minimize the risk for the soldier, as technology-enabled the destruction of combatants and non-combatants at levels not seen previously in human history. Autonomous Weapon Systems are not specifically regulated by IHL treaties. On the use of Autonomous Weapons Systems, there are three main principles that must be considered, namely principle of Distinction, Proportionality and Unnecessary Suffering. Autonomous weapon systems may provide a military advantage because those systems are able to operate free of human emotions and bias which cloud judgement. In addition, these weapon systems can operate free from the needs for self-preservation and are able to make decisions a lot quicker. Therefore, it is important to examine who, in this case, the commander can be held responsible when an Autonomous Weapon System will commit a crime.Keywords: Command Responsibility, Autonomous Weapons Systems, International Humanitarian Law AbstrakPerang dan perkembangan Teknologi telah dikaitkan selama berabad-abad. Para pemimpin negara dan militer telah mencari sistem senjata yang akan meminimalkan risiko bagi prajurit itu, karena teknologi memungkinkan penghancuran para pejuang dan non-pejuang pada tingkat yang tidak terlihat sebelumnya dalam sejarah manusia. Sistem Senjata Otonom tidak secara spesifik diatur oleh perjanjian IHL. Pada penggunaan Sistem Senjata Otonom, ada tiga prinsip utama yang harus diperhatikan, yaitu prinsip Perbedaan, Proportionalitas, dan Penderitaan yang Tidak Perlu. Sistem senjata otonom dapat memberikan keuntungan militer karena sistem tersebut dapat beroperasi bebas dari emosi manusia dan bias yang menghakimi. Selain itu, sistem senjata ini dapat beroperasi bebas dari kebutuhan untuk pelestarian diri dan mampu membuat keputusan lebih cepat. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk memeriksa siapa, dalam hal ini, komandan dapat bertanggung jawab ketika Sistem Senjata Otonom akan melakukan kejahatan.Kata kunci: Tanggung Jawab Komando, Sistem Senjata Otonom, Hukum Humaniter Internasional АннотацияВойна и развитие технологий были связаны на протяжении веков. Государственные и военные лидеры искали системы вооружений, которые минимизируют риски для солдат, потому что технология позволяет уничтожать боевиков и не боeвиков на уровне, невиданном ранее в истории человечества. Автономный Комплекс Вооружения конкретно не регулируется соглашением о МГП (Международное Гуманитарное Право). При использовании Автономного Комплекса Вооружения необходимо учитывать три основных принципа, а именно: принцип различия, пропорциональность и потери среди мирного населения. Автономный Комплекс Вооружения может обеспечить военные преимущества, поскольку он может функционировать без человеческих эмоций и субъективных предубеждений. Кроме того, эта система вооружения может работать без необходимости самосохранения и может принимать решения быстрее. Поэтому важно выяснить, кто, в этом случае, командир, может нести ответственность, когда Автономный Комплекс Вооружения совершит преступление. Ключевые слова: Командная ответственность, Автономный Комплекс Вооружения, Международное Гуманитарное Право 
Co-Authors Abdussalam, Muhammad Rafi Ade Armansyah Aditama, Setiyantoro Wahyu Adyatma Tsany Prakosa Ahmad Zulfiqri A. Lalu Aini, Rifa Ayu Nur Aisah Nur Aisah Nur Akbar Napitupulu, Ichwan Rizki Akbar, M. Fabian Alfarizi, M. Hanaan Aliza Mufida Amarta Yasyhini Ilka Haque Amarulia, Shafirah Ami Cintia Melinda Amirullah, Muhammad Nur Rifqi Ananda Prasetya Utami Anderson, Paulo Andres Andi Agus Salim Andi Rizal Ramadhan Anggoro Wati, Elvita Ansar, Muhammad Arya Ardhiawangsa, Fathiyya B’tari Pradipa Arif Budiman Armansyah, Ade Arumbinang, Mohammad Hazyar Asirwadana, Ewaldo Aulawi, Mohammad Haris Aulawi, Muhamad Haris Ayu Mega Rakhmawati Ayu Nopiyaranie Azham, Kevin Syahru Barbara Gunawan Barbara Gunawan Corral, Eva Ferrer Damayanti, Marselina Putri Debby Kemira Putri Drajat Dela Rinanda Putri Demas Abdi Islamey Desi Nur Cahya Kusuma Putri Devi Seviyana Devty, Stephanie Diva Aisya Safitri Dwilani Irrynta Dzakiyyah, Siti Asdilla Elfatia Ayu Kinasih Elvita Anggoro Wati Erbyandhana, Muhammad Afif Razak Farhansyah, Bagaskara Yonar Farman, Logi Fathi, Muhammad Fatimah Nuraini Fatra Alamsyah Fauziah Nauri Qisty Fauziah Nauri Qisty Fauziah, Nafiza Fawaz Muhammad Ihsan Febrila, Aldha Fernando, Danu Fikri, Imam Ikhsanul Fitriyanti, Fadia Gatot Priambodo, Gatot Genovés , Manuel Beltrán Genovés, Manuel Beltrán Ghiffara, Mustafad Ghiyats Amri Wibowo Gladis Tazaka Mustaqim Gultom, Qinnara Zegia Gumilang Tresna Nugraha Hafiz, Mohammad Bima Aoron Hafsari, Dhayu Ajeng Hardiyanti, Lista Arofa Himmaturrahmah, Himmaturrahmah Husada, Alfan Setya Putra Irrynta , Dwilani Irrynta, Dwilani Iwan Satriawan Jamilah Arifin Jayapraja, Labib Dianatadilaga Jayustin Sastra, Verocha Kalagita, Kevin Kania Dewi Kemira Putri Drajat, Debby Khairi, Muh Faqih Al Khairunnisa Khairunnisa Khasanah, Pentanita Uswatun King Faisal Sulaiman Kukuh Derajat Takarub Kurniasih, Lathifah Yuli Lago, Manuel Campos Lathifah Yuli Kurniasih Manuel Beltrán Genovés Mareto, Irvan Marselina Putri Damayanti Martinus Sardi Matahariza, Anandiva Meidista, Salsabilla Mita Amelia Mohammad Bima Aoron Hafiz Mohammad Haris Aulawi Mohammad Hazyar Arumbinang Mohammad Hazyar Arumbinang Mohammad Hazyar Arumbinang Mohammad Hazyar Arumbinang Moli Aya Mina Rahma Muhamat Ridho Yuliyanto Muhamat Ridho Yuliyanto Muhamat Ridho Yuliyanto Muhammad Nur Rifqi Amirullah Mulloh, Ahmad Fahmi Ilham Mutia Ovitasari Napitupulu, Ichwan Rizki Akbar Naufal Bagus Pratama Naufal Bagus Pratama Nazella Jeanny Andrian Nisa Nurhofipah Ramadani Novendra, Carissa Shifa Nur, Aisah Nurhaifa, Reksa Fikri Ode, Mahazanni Najwa Al-Asyifa Ovitasari, Mutia Pangestu, Rian Ade Permana, Vensky Ghaniiyyu Putri Prakosa, Adyatma Tsany Prameswari, Elfa Rheanna Pramono, Khansa Rizky Febrianti Prasetyo, Satya Bayu Pratama, Naufal Bagus Priambodo, Gatot Putra, Atha Esa Putra, Muh Raqi Pratama Putra, Muhammad Raqi Pratama Putri, Ayi Leoni Putri, Tefa Febiola Putri, Wiwit Kharisma Qisty, Fauziah Nauri Rahmanita, Fadhilah Ramadhan, Andi Rizal Ravenska Marchdiva Sienda Reni Anggriani, Reni Rettob, Abdullah Teguh Thamrin Rima Ayu Andriana Rinanda Putri, Dela Riyanto, Aisyah Ajeng Putri Rizaldy Anggriawan Rizaldy Anggriawan Safitri, Diva Aisya Salma Rahmi Pratiwi Saputra, Wisnu Prayogi Sardi, Martinus Sastra, Verocha Jayustin Setya, Putri Nurhaliza Anugerah Sigit Rosidi Siti Septiana K. Harun Sonya Whisler Refisyanti Syamsu, Andi Pramudya Syamsudin, Wa Ode Fithrah Az-zalia Tareq Muhammad Azis Elven Taufik, Muhammad Sulthan Faqih Tsaabita , Dinysia Dzakiyya Vensky Ghaniiyyu Putri Permana Verocha Jayustin Sastra Wardani, Rahmawati Mayta Yasir Perdana Ritonga Yusmiastuti, Tsaniya Zulfiani Ayu Astutik