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POTENSI KODOK BUDUK (Duttaphrynus melanostictus Schneider 1799) SEBAGAI PENGENDALI ALAMI HAMA DI DAERAH URBAN: The Potential of Asian Toad (Duttaphrynus melanostictus Schneider 1799 ) As Natural Enemy For Pest in Urban Area Suci Ninda Utari; Mirza Dikari Kusrini; Noor Farikhah Haneda
Media Konservasi Vol 25 No 1 (2020): Media Konservasi Vol. 20 No. 1 April 2020
Publisher : Department of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecotourism - IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (290.91 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/medkon.25.1.10-16

Abstract

Kodok buduk (Duttaphrynus melanostictus) merupakan jenis kodok yang umum dijumpai di perkotaan dan keberadaannya sering diabaikan. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis pemilihan pakan dari kodok buduk di habitat alamnya, kelimpahan pakan, lebar relung dan tumpang tindih relung serta mengetahui potensi kodok ini sebagai pengendali serangga hama. Analisis dilakukan pada 100 spesimen kodok buduk (50 jantan dan 50 betina) dari sekitar kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor dengan cara pembedahan. Frekuensi pakan tertinggi di lambung jantan maupun betina kodok buduk adalah Ordo Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, Blattaria, Diplopoda, dan Isoptera. Dari segi volume, pakan tertinggi adalah Blattaria, Coleoptera, dan Scolopendromorpha, namun berdasarkan densitas relatif pakan di lambung didominasi oleh Isoptera, Hymenoptera dan Coleoptera. Ordo-ordo yang disebut di atas termasuk hama yang merugikan manusia seperti kecoak dan rayap. Tidak terdapat korelasi antara ukuran tubuh dengan volume pakan, karena terdapat bias pada data spesimen yang diambil yakni dengan ukuran tubuh 60-90 mm atau ukuran dewasa. D. melanostictus adalah satwa oportunis, namun pemilihan pakan cenderung pada jenis tertentu saja sehingga menyebabkan rendahnya nilai relung. Jantan dan betina mempunyai komposisi pakan yang sama, sehingga tumpang tindih relung menjadi tinggi. Secara umum, kodok buduk penting sebagai predator hama di daerah perkotaan. Kata kunci: analisis kodok, kebiasaan pakan, musuh alami, sumberdaya pakan
PELUANG INVESTASI USAHA BUDIDAYA KUTU LAK (Laccifer lacca Kerr): STUDI KASUS DI KPH PROBOLINGGO PERUM PERHUTANI UNIT II JAWA TIMUR Ira Taskirawati; F. Gunawan Suratmo; Dudung Darusman; Noor Farikhah Haneda
PERENNIAL Vol. 4 No. 1 (2008)
Publisher : Forestry Faculty of Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/perennial.v4i1.179

Abstract

Lac insect (Laccifer lacca Kerr) is phytophogus insect, that feed on Kesambi Tree (Schleichera oleosa Merr). During its life cycle, lac insect has been producing secretion in liquid form, known as LAK and having many uses, such as varnish/polish, food cover, drug capsule, cassette ribbon, etc. In 2005, Perum Perhutani has produced 60.547 kg LAK pellets, but has not fulfilled yet market demand. Cultivation technique is still conducted in a very sampling, and easy to be studied. Investment in developing lac insect is also profitable, and promising. There are two choices of management schemes in it cultivate, the first is by infecting lac insect to the host tree when the tree is 15 years old (project I) and the second is by infecting lac insect when the tree is 4 years old (project I). Financially, the Project II is more beneficial than Project I, so that the investment for project II is reasonable to be done. The value of NPV+22.321.052.395, IRR 16.9%, BCR 1.55 and Net B/C 3.71 with discounted payback period for 10 year 8 months. Key words: Laccifer lacca Kerr, Schleichera oleosa Merr, investment opportunity, strategy in developing
BIOAKTIVITAS EKSTRAK UMBI GADUNG DAN MINYAK NYAMPLUNG SEBAGAI PENGENDALI HAMA ULAT KANTONG (Pteroma plagiophleps Hampson) Sri Utami; Noor Farikhah Haneda
Jurnal Penelitian Hutan Tanaman Vol 9, No 4 (2012): JURNAL PENELITIAN HUTAN TANAMAN
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (190.769 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jpht.2012.9.4.209-218

Abstract

Salah satu permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam budidaya kayu bawang (Dysoxylum mollissimum Blume) adalah serangan hama ulat kantong (Pteroma plagiophleps). Serangan hama yang berat bisa mengakibatkan kematian tanaman dan kehilangan hasil. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan tindakan pencegahan dan pengendalian, diantaranya dengan penggunaan insektisida nabati. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji bioaktivitas ekstrak umbi gadung (Dioscorea sp.) dan minyak nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) dalam mengendalikan hama ulat,kantong (P. plagiophleps) pada skala laboratorium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak umbi gadung dan minyak nyamplung memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap mortalitas larva, penghambatan perkembangan serangga hama dan penghambatan aktivitas makan. Ekstrak umbi gadung lebih efektif dalam menghambat aktivitas makan ulat kantong dibandingkan minyak nyamplung, sedangkan minyak nyamplung lebih efektif dalam menyebabkan mortalitas dan menghambat perkembangan serangga hama. Besarnya nilai LC ekstrak umbi gadung dan minyak nyamplung masing-masing sebesar 0,86% (w/v) dan 0,13% (w/v). Persentase pembentukan pupa terendah pada perlakuan ekstrak umbi gadung dan minyak nyamplung konsentrasi 1,5% masing-masing sebesar 33,33% dan 0%, penghambatan aktivitas makan tertinggi pada ekstrak umbi gadung konsentrasi 1,5% yaitu sebesar 88,55%. Senyawa kimia yang terkandung di dalam ekstrak umbi gadung dan minyak nyamplung diduga mempunyai efek pestisidal terhadap ulat kantong.
SPESIES ULAT KANTONG DAN MUSUH ALAMINYA YANG BERASOSIASI DENGAN TANAMAN SENGON (Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Barneby & J.W. Grimes) (Bagworms and Their Natural Enemies Associated with Albizia (Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Barneby & J.W. Grimes plantation) Ujang Wawan Darmawan; Hermanu Triwidodo; Purnama Hidayat; Noor Farikhah Haneda; Neo Endra Lelana
Jurnal Penelitian Hutan Tanaman Vol 17, No 1 (2020): JURNAL PENELITIAN HUTAN TANAMAN
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (414.913 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jpht.2020.17.1.1-13

Abstract

                                                         ABSTRACTBagworms are reported as severe pests in albizia in some areas. The bagworms species that attacked the plant in Java had been identified but had not been described well. Their natural enemies also had not been identified in this area. This information is essential and related to pest control opportunities. This study described several species of bagworm and their natural enemies. It also described the characters of the bag as a marker of the bagworm type. Samples were collected from ten localities spread across Central and West Java.  Bagworms pupae were collected and reared so that the imago or natural enemies emerged. The parasitization rate against bagworm pupae was then determined. Imago and natural enemies were morphologically described, as are bags character. Four species of bagworm were associated with albizia stand, namely Pteroma plagiophleps, Chalia javana, Clania crameri, and Khopene cuprea. Description and desk study revealed synonymies among bagworm species. Morphologically, a bagworm species had a unique characteristic bag as a type in shape, pattern, and size. Natural enemies were commonly parasitic Hymenoptera and Diptera insects and entomopathogenic fungi. The bagworm species has been associated with a particular insect of the parasitoid. The many synonyms in the particular species need to be confirmed through a comprehensive depth study involving morphological (imago, bag, and larvae) and molecular approaches to overcome synonymies among bagworm species.                                                          ABSTRAK Ulat kantong sebagai hama serius pada sengon di beberapa daerah. Spesies ulat kantong yang menyerang sengon di Pulau Jawa sudah pernah diidentifikasi tetapi belum dideskripsikan dengan baik. Musuh alami ulat kantongnya juga belum pernah diidentifikasi. Informasi ini penting karena terkait peluang pengendaliannya. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendeskripsikan beberapa spesies ulat kantong yang menyerang sengon dan musuh alami yang berasosiasi dengannya serta mendeskripsikan karakter kantong sebagai penanda spesiesnya. Sampel diambil dari sepuluh lokasi yang tersebar di Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Barat. Pupa ulat kantong dikumpulkan, dipelihara, sehingga imago atau musuh alami keluar dan tingkat parasitisasi ditentukan. Imago dan musuh alami dideskripsikan secara morfologi, demikian juga dengan karakter kantongnya. Empat spesies ulat kantong teridentifikasi berasosiasi dengan sengon adalah Pteromaplagiophleps, Chalia javana, Clania crameri, dan Khopene cuprea. Deskripsi dan penelusuran pustaka menunjukkan banyaknya nama sinonim yang terkait spesies-spesies tersebut. Secara morfologi, setiap spesies ulat kantong memiliki karakter kantong yang khas baik bentuk, pola maupun ukurannya. Musuh alami ulat kantong umumnya adalah serangga Hymenoptera dan Diptera serta cendawan entomopatogen. Adanya asosiasi spesies ulat kantong dengan spesies parasitoid tertentu. Banyaknya sinonim pada spesies ulat kantong perlu dikonfirmasi melalui pendekatan yang komprehensif dengan menggabungkan metode berbasis morfologi (imago, kantong, dan larva) sekaligus molekuler. 
PENDUGAAN INSTAR LARVA ULAT KANTONG Pteroma plagiophleps HAMPSON PADA SENGON BERDASARKAN LEBAR KAPSUL KEPALA DAN UKURAN KANTONG (Instar Larvae Estimation of Pteroma plagiophleps Hampson Bagworm in Albizia Based on Head Capsule Width and Bag Size) Ujang Wawan Darmawan; Hermanu Triwidodo; Purnama Hidayat; Noor Farikhah Haneda
Jurnal Penelitian Hutan Tanaman Vol 17, No 1 (2020): JURNAL PENELITIAN HUTAN TANAMAN
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (447.938 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jpht.2020.17.1.15-26

Abstract

                                           ABSTRACT                                   Pteroma plagiophleps bagworm is an important insect pest of albizia. It is necessary to understand the development stages of the larvae as the basis for its control. The research aims to determine the number of instars and the rate of increase in larval size based on the width of the head capsule. Furthermore, larval bag size as an easily observable variable was used to estimate the instar stage. Instar number and the size range were determined by non linear regression, while the instar stage was estimated by the regression equation using bag diameter and length. We concluded that the larvae experienced four instars. The head capsule of larvae grew regularly following Dyar’s pattern, with the value approximately 1.42. The bag size of instar 1, instar 2, instar 3, and instar 4 were estimated as a range from 0-2.19 mm; 2.19-3.55 mm; 3.55-6.10 mm; and more than 6.10 mm in length respectively. The bag length was reasonable to be used as a reliable predictor of the instar stage.                                             ABSTRAKUlat kantong Pteroma plagiophleps merupakan serangga hama penting pada tanaman sengon. Perkembangan larvanya perlu diketahui sebagai dasar pengendaliannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan jumlah instar dan laju pertambahan ukuran larva berdasarkan lebar kapsul kepalanya. Selain itu, juga untuk menduga instarnya dengan menggunakan ukuran kantong larva. Jumlah instar dan kisaran ukurannya ditentukan menggunakan persamaan regresi non linear, sedangkan tingkat instar diturunkan dari persamaan regresi linear menggunakan peubah ukuran diameter dan panjang kantong. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa larva ulat kantong diduga mengalami empat instar. Pertumbuhan larva mengikuti pola yang relatif konstan dengan nilai “koefisien Dyar” rata-rata 1,42. Dugaan ukuran panjang kantong larva instar 1, instar 2, instar 3, dan instar 4 masing-masing memiliki kisaran antara 0-2,19 mm 2,19-3,55 mm, 3,55-6,10 mm, dan lebih dari 6,10 mm. Peubah panjang kantong larva cukup baik untuk digunakan sebagai penduga instar larva.
Development of Boktor (Xystrocera festiva Pascoe) Larvae in Artifical Diet by Using Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) Powder Noor Farikhah Haneda; Sri Rahayu Nuban
Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika Vol. 2 No. 1 (2011): Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika
Publisher : Departemen Silvikultur, Fakultas Kehutanan dan Lingkungan, Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/j-siltrop.2.1.%p

Abstract

At present, superiority possessed by sengon tree sppecies influences the development of monoculture plantation forest. However, constraint faced by monoculture of sengon tree is the high susceptibility of the sengon tree to attack by pest boktor (X. festiva Pascoe).  This phenomenon requires effective and efficient pest control.  Inefficient control of this pest was due among other things to lack of knowledge concerning insect boktor, particularly in the asppect of physiology and biology.  In relation with this, research was conducted on pest boctor which were reproduced and observed in laboratory by using artificial food (artificial diet).  The artificial food was made from sengon powder and other chemicals.  If artificial food which contains powder of sengon wood and bark from a particular provenance is not preferred by boktor larvae, there is possibility that sengon tree of that provenance is resistant to attack by pest boktor. The objective of this research was for explaining the effect of sengon provenance and environmental condition on the development of boktor larvae. The benefit of this research was the gain of information concerning development pattern of boktor larvae and the technique for controlling this pest. The observed parameters were larvae weight, larvae length, diameter of larvae head and food weight which was consumed by boktor larvae. Measurement and change of food was conducted once in two weeks. Research results showed that factors of provenance, environmental condition and interaction between provenances did not give significant effect on all observation parameters, namely larvae weight, larva length, diameter of larva head, and weight of consumed larvae food in the form of bark powder or stem powder during five times observation for statistical test. The suitable composition of artificial diet was by using addition of pure cellulose as the main ingredients. Eating behavior of boktor larvae in artificial diet in the laboratory showed similar pattern with eating behavior of boktor larva in tree stem in the field.
Correlation of Enzyme Inhibitor Activity in Sengon with Boktor Larval Growth on Artificial Diet Ulfah Juniarti Siregar; Noor Farikhah Haneda; Laura Flowrensia
Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika
Publisher : Departemen Silvikultur, Fakultas Kehutanan dan Lingkungan, Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/j-siltrop.2.2.%p

Abstract

Sengon  (Paraserianthes falcataria  (L) Nielsen) is widely planted for reforestation programs, especially in establishment of community forest as its timber is utilized for constrction, package box, lighter as well as raw material of pulp and paper. However, there is main problem in sengon plantation, which is boktor (Xystrocera festiva Pascoe) pest attact. In the midgut of boktor larvae it was detected trypsin and α-amylase enzymes activity. Whereas on sengon tree it was reported contains inhibitory substance against trypsin and α-amylase enzymes of boktor larvae. The inhibitory activity was assumed as defense mechanism of sengon tree against the pest attack. In order to clarify the assumption an investigation on the correlation between trypsin and α-amylase inhibitor of sengon with larval growth on an artificial diet is necessary. The experiments aimed at obtaining correlations between the activities of trypsin and α-amylase inhibitors of sengon tree with the growth of boktor larvae, with small (±1,5 cm) and big sizes (±3 cm) on an artificial diet containing respective sengon tree materials.
Penggunaan Pupuk Organik untuk Peningkatan Produktivitas Daun Murbei (Morus sp.) Sebagai Pakan Ulat Sutera (Bombyx mori L.) Wiwit Setiadi; Kasno Kasno; Noor Farikhah Haneda
Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika
Publisher : Departemen Silvikultur, Fakultas Kehutanan dan Lingkungan, Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/j-siltrop.2.3.%p

Abstract

Utilization of Organic Fertilizer to Productivity Mulberry (Morus alba) Leaf’s Quality as Silkworm (Bombyx mori) FeedOne of effort, to obtain maximum cocoon production by feeding silkworms with mulberry leaves are sufficiant. Fertilizing by using organic fertilizer was one of effort to improve mulberry productivity. Organic fertilizer used in this research was animal manure, liquid organic fertilizer and compost. Measurement of parameters of mulberry productivity were leaf total, leaf weight, leaf area, plant height, branch length, and branch total; while observed parameters of silkworm cocoon quality were mortality percentage, cocoon weight, cocoon skin weight, cocoon skin percentage, and cocoon quality class.ANOVA test result shows that application fertilizers has an insignificant effect to leaf total, leaf weight, plant height, and branch length. Treatment by using a liquid organic fertilizer had the highest values for all parameters measured. Adversely, fertilizing has a significant effect to leaf area, branch total, cocoon weight, cocoon skin weight and cocoon skin percentage. Highest mortality percentage was resulted from control treatment that was amounted 13.75%; while lowest mortality percentage was resulted from compost fertilizer treatment that amounted 4.75%. Highest cocoon weight, cocoon skin weight and cocoon skin percentage was resulted from animal manure treatment. Best cocoon quality was B class for control, animal manure and liquid organic fertilizer, while for treatment using compost fertilizer has a C class cocoon quality. In an outline granting manure, liquid organic fertilizer and fertilizer compost sequentially give increase production of leaves at 2,39 tons/ha, 3,49 tons/ha and 2,94 tons/ha.Fertiler application by using liquid organic fertilizer produced highest profit, which amounted Rp.2.672.900, compared with normal income (without fertilizing) after reduced by production cost and other expenditures such as fertilized and fertilizing application cost (detail attached).
Termite Biodiversity in Gunung Walat Education Forest, Sukabumi Noor Farikhah Haneda; Andri Firmansyah
Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika Vol. 3 No. 2 (2012): Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika
Publisher : Departemen Silvikultur, Fakultas Kehutanan dan Lingkungan, Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/j-siltrop.3.2.%p

Abstract

Termites are social insects that are polimorfis that live in a colonial. It has a caste system. Each caste has different body morphology. The warrior caste has the typical form of mandible. Termites can be identified by observing the size of head as well as the mandibel of the warrior caste. This research aims to know the diversity of termites in Mount Walat Education forest, Sukabumi, West Java. Termites were found preserved in film canisters containing alcohol 70%. Based on research results from five locations namely termites at the stands of agathis, pine, puspa, agroforestri and around the mess (Inn). Schedorhinotermes is a genus of the family Rhinotermitidae members most often encountered, from twenty-six instances gained thirteen of which were species of termites from members of the genus Schedorhinotermes. Thirteen other termites example i.e. genus Macrotermes, Odontotermes, with a total of six and five respectively while the genus Pericapritermes and Nasutitermes respectively amounted to a single instance.
Diversity of Soil Fauna and It’s Role in Litter Decomposition of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) Noor Farikhah Haneda; Betti Andriany Sirait
Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika Vol. 3 No. 3 (2012): Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika
Publisher : Departemen Silvikultur, Fakultas Kehutanan dan Lingkungan, Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/j-siltrop.3.3.%p

Abstract

Indonesia is rich country of biodiversity. Forest is a natural habitat for soil fauna incontinuity it’s life. Information about soil fauna in Indonesia and it’s role in litter decomposition is still limited, so that necessary research of soil fauna diversity and it’s role in decomposition process. This research was done in October 2009 to February 2010. Inventarisation of macro diversity and soil meso fauna with funnel extraction tecnic Berlease. Furthermore, rate calculation of decomposition was done. The result show that species richness value generally between 1.61-3.11, diversity value is generally between 1.49-2.13 while evenness value is generally between 0,45-0,65. Soil fauna diversity of oil palm litters included medium level. Base on  inventarisation result there are 11  ordo in soil fauna of oil palm land, 17 families with 26 morphospecies, while amount of soil fauna that was found  is 237 individuals. After percentage ranking the highest to the smallest, this land type is dominated by Acari, Collembola and Hymenoptera (family Formicidae). Based on the decomposition rate data was obtained, the rate of decomposition for each  harvest time (over 2 weeks) varies in the range 0.80-1.44%/hari. The rate of decomposition of the most quickly is found on the 2nd harvest where the rate of decomposition reach 44%/hari. The results of statistical analysis was obtained stated time with influential positions in the real rate of litter decomposition of oil palm.
Co-Authors Achmad . Adam, Satria Adhiguna Indra nugraha Aditya Nugroho Ahmad Budiaman Ahmad Faqih Ajeng Dwi Larasati Ali Akbar Amanda, Ananta Kusuma Andi Sukendro Andri Firmansyah Anggarawati, Sri Hastuti Arsita, Lika Asep Hendra Supriatna Asri Buliyansih Azahra, Siva Devi Aziz Fajar Wahyudi Bagas Kurnia Ramadhan Bayu Winata, Bayu Betti Andriany Sirait Burhanuddin Masy'ud Cahyo Wibowo Cecep Kusmana Cindikia Annisa Puspadewi Daniel Happy Putra Dede J Sudrajat Dede Jajat Sudrajat, Dede Jajat Dede Maryana DEDE SUDRAJAT Derry Ferdani Rustanzi Dewi Ramdhania DIMAS ANDRIANTO Dodi Nandika Dudung Darusman Dudung Darusman Erianto Indra Putra Eva Rachmawati Ewi Irfani F. Gunarman Suratmo F. Gunawan Suratmo Farosandi, Naufal Hilmi Fitria Dewi Kusuma Frama Haikal Ghvirly Ramadhani Heri Suryanto Heri Suryanto Hermanu Triwidodo Husni dan Zulfanazli Pudjianto Alfian Rusdy Imam Wahyudi Indrawan, Imam Wahyudi Indahwati Indahwati IRA TASKIRAWATI Irni, Julaili Ismi Arsilah Rahmawati Istikorini, Yunik Iwan Hilwan Kasno Kasno Khozanah Syifa Laela Nurahma Lailan Syaufina Laura Flowrensia Lufthi Rusniarsyah Lufthi Rusniarsyah Lumbantobing, Sarah Nova Irene Martini Wali Martini Wali Martini Wali Masy'ud, Burhanuddin Mirza Dikari Kusrini Mohamad Suheri Muhammad Hamdani, Muhammad Muhammad Hasbi Muhammad Ramadhan Muhammad Ridho Robbani Muhammad Rizqi Neo Endra Lelana Nisa, Hazna Aulya Nisfi Yuniar Nisfi Yuniar Novia Tri Marfuah Nurianti, Esti Oemijati Rachmatsyah Pramisari, Yunita Pramisasi, Yunita Priyanto PURNAMA HIDAYAT Ramadhan, Rafli RAUF, AUNU Reza Aulia Gifari Ria Dwi Afsari Ria Dwi Afsari Siregar, Ulfah J Siti Mayang Sari Naziah Sri Rahayu Nuban Sri Utami Sri Utami Stevano J S Iriando Suci Ninda Utari Suheri, Mohamad Supriyanto Supriyanto Ujang Wawan Darmawan Ulfah Juniarti Siregar Widia Asti Widowati, Arti Wiwit Setiadi Yeni Aryati Mulyani Yulius Hero Yuni Fatmasari Zafirah S, Rahma Zidan, Mochammad