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PELATIHAN PEMANFAATAN KOMPRESOR BEKAS AC SEBAGAI KOMPRESOR UDARA UNTUK KENDARAAN DI SMK MUHAMMADIYAH 1 RUMBIA Mafruddin Mafruddin; Dwi Irawan; Ahmad Okhtri Saputra; Mustofa Mustofa
SINAR SANG SURYA Vol 4, No 1 (2020): Februari 2020
Publisher : UM Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/sss.v4i1.1709

Abstract

ABSTRAK SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Rumbia merupakan salah satu SMK yang berada di Kabupaten Lampung Tengah. Salah satu jurusan di SMK muhammadiyah 1 Rumbia yaitu Teknik Kendaraan Ringan (TKR) yang mempelajari tentang kendaraan ringan seperti minibus dan mobil-mobil pemumpang lainnya. Materi yang diajarkan yaitu tentang perawatan mesin, kelistrikan, perawatan sasis dan perawatan serta perbaikan bodi kendaraan. Perbaikan bodi kendaraan salah satunya yaitu pengecatan. Untuk proses pengecatan dibutuhkan kompresor udara yang berfungsi sebagai pemompa udara bertekanan. Jurusan TKR merupakan jurusan yang baru dibuka pada tahun 2018, sehingga untuk perlengkapan praktikum masih ada beberapa yang belum terpenuhi salah satunya yaitu kompresor udara. Atas dasar pertimbangan tersebut maka dalam kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini akan dilakukan pelatihan pembuatan kompresor udara dengan memanfaatkan kompresor bekas AC. Dengan adanya kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pemahaman siswa tentang pemanfaatan barang bekas seperti kompresor AC bekas menjadi kompresor udara yang nantinya dapat digunakan untuk mengisi udara pada kendaraan dan sebagai pemompa udara pada proses pengecatan. Pelatihan dilakukan dengan memberikan materi dan penjelasan serta pelatihan yang diikuti oleh siswa kelas X dan XI di SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Rumbia Lampung Tengah. Dengan adanya pelatihan maka dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa tentang komponen yang dibutuhakn, cara pembuatan, cara penggunaan dan cara perawatan kompresor udara dari kompresor bekas AC. Kata Kunci : Pelatihan, Pembuatan Kompresor, Siswa SMK.  ABSTRACT SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Rumbia is one of the vocational schools in Central Lampung Regency. One of SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Rumbia's specializations is Light Vehicle Engineering (TKR), which studies light vehicles such as minibuses and other passenger cars. The material taught is about engine maintenance, electricity, chassis and body maintenance and repairs. One of the repairs to the vehicle body is the paint job. For the painting process, an air compressor that works as a pressurized air pump is required. The TKR department is a department that just opened in 2018, so for stage equipment there are still some that have not been fulfilled, one of them is an air compressor. Based on these considerations, in this community service activity, training in the manufacture of air compressors will be conducted using used air conditioning compressors. This activity is expected to increase students' understanding of the use of used goods, such as AC compressors used in air compressors that can later be used to fill air in vehicles and as air pumps in the process of painting. The training was carried out with the provision of materials and explanations, as well as the training that was attended by the students of grades X and XI at SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Rumbia Central Lampung. With training, you can increase students' knowledge about the necessary components, how to manufacture, how to use and how to maintain an air compressor from a used air conditioning compressor. Keywords: Training, Compressor Manufacturing, Vocational High School Students.
SOSIALISASI PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PENDINGIN YANG TEPAT PADA PROSES PENGERASAN PRODUK LOGAM PANDAI BESI DESA BANJARREJO LAMPUNG TIMUR Eko Budiyanto; Dwi Irawan; Eko Nugroho; Sulis Dri Handono
SINAR SANG SURYA Vol 4, No 1 (2020): Februari 2020
Publisher : UM Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/sss.v4i1.1710

Abstract

ABSTRAK Berdasarkan analisis situasi, teknologi proses yang digunakan oleh para pengrajin pandai besi di desa Banjarrejo Kecamatan Batanghari Kabupaten Lampung Timur selama ini masih konvensional secara turun temurun, sehinga kualitas produk yang dihasilkan tidak mampu bersaing terutama dengan produk sejenis yang dihasilkan oleh industri yang sudah menggunakan teknologi modern. Oleh karena itu, harus dilakukan upaya peningkatan kualitas produk tersebut dengan melakukan perbaikan proses produksi yaitu menggunakan air tawar sebagai media pendingin dan selanjutnya dengan oli yang terbukti dapat menurunkan laju korosi. Solusi untuk permasalahan di atas adalah dengan memberikan penyuluhan tentang proses pengerjaan logam, khususnya pengaruh perlakuan panas (heat threatment) dan pendinginan terhadap kekerasan dan laju korosi logam besi dan baja serta melakukan penggantian media pendingin pada proses pendinginan dengan media pendingin yang sesuai. Untuk memecahkan permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam kegiatan ini, maka dipilih beberapa metode pemecahan diantaranya adalah Metode Ceramah, Metode Demonstrasi, dan Aplikasi Hasil Uji Laboratorium. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah para pengrajin pandai besi di desa Banjarrejo Kecamatan Batanghari Kabupaten Lampung Timur dapat mengerti dan memahami pentingnya peranan heat threatment dalam proses pengerasan logam. Setelah para pengrajin mengikuti dua tahapan diatas dan merasa yakin apa yang telah diperoleh, maka tahap selanjutnya adalah menerapkan hasil uji laboratorium dalam kegiatan produksi yang sebenarnya. Kata Kunci : Heat threatment, pandai besi, pengerasan logam, media pendingin, sosialisasi.  ABSTRACT Based on the situation analysis, the process technology used by the blacksmith artisans in the village of Banjarrejo, Batanghari district, East Lampung Regency has been conventional for generations, so the quality of the products produced cannot compete, especially with similar products produced. by industries that already use modern technology. Therefore, efforts must be made to improve the quality of these products by improving the production process, namely using fresh water as a cooling medium and then with oil that has been proven to reduce the corrosion rate. The solution to the above problems is to provide advice on the machining process, especially the effect of heat treatment and cooling on the hardness and corrosion rate of iron and steel, and to replace the cooling medium in the cooling process with an appropriate cooling medium. To solve the problems faced in this activity, several solutions were chosen including the Lecture Method, Demonstration Method and Application of Laboratory Test Results. The result of this community service activity is that the artisan blacksmiths of Banjarrejo Village, Batanghari District, East Lampung Regency can understand and understand the important role of the heat threat in the metal hardening process. Once the artisans have followed the above two steps and are sure what has been achieved, the next step is to apply the lab test results to the actual production activities. Keywords: Heat threatment, blacksmithing, metal hardening, means of cooling, socialization.
PEMANFAATAN KOTORAN SAPI MENJADI BIOGAS SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKAR RUMAH TANGGA DI DESA ASTOMULYO KECAMATAN PUNGGUR KABUPATEN LAMPUNG TENGAH Dwi Irawan; Kemas Ridhuan; Mafruddin Mafruddin; Riswanto Riswanto; Jepri Juliyanto; Doni Saputra
SINAR SANG SURYA Vol 4, No 1 (2020): Februari 2020
Publisher : UM Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/sss.v4i1.1702

Abstract

ABSTRAK Sapi merupakan hewan ternak yang cukup besar menghasilkan Metana (CH4) daripada ruminansia yang lain. Oleh karena itu semakin meningkat pertumbuhan peternakan mengakibatkan peningkatnya kontribusi emisi gas CH4 untuk Indonesia, supaya mengurangi dampak emisi gas dari kotoran peternakan perlu dilakukan pengolahan kotoran sapi untuk mengurai kandungan CH4 yang akan mencemari lingkungan. Lampung Tengah sedang menjalankan program kampung ternak dengan target 60 ribu ekor sapi. Dengan program itu akan lebih meningkatkan pertumbuhan sapi di lampung tengah. Hasil sensus pertanian 2013, bahwa Lampung Tengah merupakan kecamatan yang cukup banyak memiliki sapi yaitu sekitar 8327 ekor. Untuk pengabdian kami dilakukan di Desa Astomulyo Kecamatan Punggur Lampung Tengah. Teknologi yang akan kami laksanakan untuk mengurangi emisi gas CH4 adalah pengolahan kotoran sapi menjadi Biogas. Biogas yang dihasilkan dipergunakan langsung oleh warga, dan kami siapkan teknologi pemindahan dari penampungan biogas ke dalam tabung. Selain pembuatan biogas kami juga memodifikasi kandang agar lebih mudah dalam penolahan kotoran sapi menjadi biogas. Karena kebanyakan biogas rumahtangga tidak berjalan karena masyarakat malas mengangkat kotoran menuju digester. Pengolahan Biogas kami lakukan dengan mengaplikasikan penelitian tim dengan penambahan EM4 dan menggunakan sistem kontinyu juga dengan penambahan EM4 sebanyak 10%. Slury yang dihasilkan dari pengolahan biogas kami olah menjadi pupuk organik yaitu pupuk cair dan pupuk padat. Target dan luaran dari penelitian ini adalah, 1 buah digester pembuatan biogas, dan hasil biogas dengan kandungan CH4 lebih tinggi melalui teknologi purifikasi biogas. Merintis usaha pengembangan biogas dan pupuk organik dari slury biogas untuk meningkatan ekonomi mitra. Dengan adanya pengabdian ini harapanya bisa menambah ekonomi warga dengan usaha pupuk organik dan biogas.Kata Kunci : Kotoran Sapi, Biogas, Alat Purifikasi.ABSTRACTCows are animals large enough to produce methane (CH4) than other ruminants. Therefore, increased livestock growth results in an increase in the contribution of CH4 gas emissions to Indonesia, in order to reduce the impact of livestock manure gas emissions, it is necessary to process the cow manure to decompose the content of CH4, which will pollute the environment. Central Lampung is running a cattle breeding program with a target of 60,000 cows. This program will further increase livestock growth in Central Lampung. The 2013 agricultural census results that Central Lampung is a sub-district that has a lot of cows, which is around 8327 heads. For our service, it is performed in the village of Astomulyo, Punggur district, Lampung Central. The technology we will implement to reduce CH4 gas emissions is the processing of cow dung into biogas. The biogas produced is used directly by the residents, and we have prepared the technology to transfer it from the biogas reservoir to the cylinder. In addition to making biogas, we also modified the cage to facilitate the processing of cow dung into biogas. Because most household biogas doesn't work because people are too lazy to carry the dirt to the digester. We process the biogas applying the team's research with the addition of EM4 and using a continuous system also with the addition of 10% of EM4. The sludge produced from our biogas processing is transformed into organic fertilizer, ie liquid fertilizer and solid fertilizer. The goals and results of this research are 1 piece of biogas digester and biogas yields with higher CH4 content through biogas purification technology. Pioneer in the business of developing biogas and organic fertilizer from biogas slurry to improve partner economy. With this service, it is expected to increase the popular economy with organic fertilizers and biogas businesses.Keywords: Cow dung, Biogas, Purification equipment.
Pengaruh campuran bahan bakar minyak plastik dan premium terhadap prestasi mesin sepeda motor Arif Permadi; Untung Surya Dharma; Dwi Irawan
ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin & Manufaktur Vol 2 No 2 (2021): Jurnal Armatur
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (465.927 KB) | DOI: 10.24127/armatur.v2i2.1447

Abstract

Konsumsi energi saat ini tergolong besar mengakibatkan meningkatnya harga bahan bakar fosil serta berkurangnya distribusi disetiap pulau diindonesia. Campuran minyak plastik dan premium merupakan alternatif bahan bakar dalam mengendalikan krisis energi yang saat ini terjadi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui maksimal daya keluaran sepeda motor, torsi dan akselerasi. Dalam metode pengukuran daya dilakukan setiap kenaikan putaran yaitu dari 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000 dan 6000 rpm, pada uji akselerasi dilakukan pengukuran pada kecepatan 20, 40, 60, 80 dan 100 km/h, dengan variabel campuran 1:4, 2:4 dan 3:4, serta dilakukan pembandingan hasil dengan bahan bakar premium. Hasilnya, campuran 1 menghasilkan daya, torsi dan akselerasi lebih baik dari campuran 2 dan campuran 3. Daya yang dihasilkan adalah 7,88 kW dengan bahan bakar spesifik 0,091 kg/jam/kW, torsi 12,55 N.m, Akselerasi atau percepatan tertinggi 5,52 m/s2 dengan menghabiskan bahan bakar sebanyak 0,25 liter, sedangkan daya yang dihasilkan premium ialah 8,1 kW dengan bahan bakar spesifiknya 0,09 kg/jam/kW, torsi 12,9 N.m, dan percepatan tertinggi 5,45 m/s2 dengan konsumsi bahan bakar 0,25 liter. Sehingga dinyatakan bahwa nilai daya, torsi dan akselerasi pada campuran 1 masih dibawah bahan bakar premium, namun campuran 1 memiliki tingkat efisiensi lebih baik dari bahan bakar premium.
Pengaruh jumlah pipa udara pada reaktor pembakaran pirolisis terhadap hasil arang dan asap cair Fajar Khusaini; Ridwan Ridwan; Kemas Ridhuan; Dwi Irawan
ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin & Manufaktur Vol 2 No 2 (2021): Jurnal Armatur
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (252.477 KB) | DOI: 10.24127/armatur.v2i2.1450

Abstract

Temperatur pirolisis sangat berpengaruh terhadap hasil arang dan asap cair juga dapat dipengaruhi oleh jumlah udara yang ada dan banyaknya udara dapat diatur dengan jumlah pipa udara. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi jumlah pipa udara 1, 3, 5 di dalam reaktor pembakaran pirolisis terhadap temperatur dan waktu pembakaran serta hasil arang dan asap cair. Metode penelitian yaitu merancang, membuat, serta menguji alat pirolisis dengan variasi pipa udara 1, 3, 5 di dalam reaktor berdiameter 1 inch, bahan baku tongkol jagung seberat 8 kg, menggunakan kondensor tipe lurus dan debit air mengalir 40 ml/detik. Dari hasil penelitian, variasi pipa udara berpengaruh terhadap temperatur dan waktu pembakaran serta hasil arang dan asap cair. Temperatur tertinggi reaktor terjadi pada variasi pipa 5 yaitu 485°C selama 120 menit dan temperatur terendah pada pipa 1 yaitu 353 °C selama 185 menit. Variasi pipa udara juga sangat berpengaruh terhadap hasil arang dan asap cair. Hasil asap cair dengan kuantitas tebanyak pada variasi pipa 5 yaitu 0,5 kg dan hasil asap cair paling sedikit pada variasi pipa 1 sebanyak 0,32 kg. Untuk hasil arang terbanyak pada variasi pipa 1 seberat 4 kg dan untuk hasil arang paling sedikit yaitu pada variasi pipa 5 seberat 3,2 kg.
Pengaruh komposisi campuran kotoran sapi dan limbah cair tapioka terhadap biogas yang dihasilkan Agus Subakti; Dwi Irawan; Mafruddin Mafruddin; Sulis Dri Handono
ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin & Manufaktur Vol 3 No 1 (2022): Jurnal Armatur
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/armatur.v3i1.1937

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The depletion of fossil energy in the world is getting attention, this is due to the increasing number of human resources in the world. So that efforts can be made, one of which is finding alternative fuels, namely biogas made from cow dung and tapioca liquid waste, this study aims to determine the variation of the filling mixture on the volume of biogas produced, to know the variation of the filling mixture on the biogas flame and to determine the effect of the mixture variation. charge to the amount of flow rate produced. The research method used is bulk filling with cow dung and tapioca liquid waste using a mixed variation of 0%:100%, 10%:90, 20%: 80%, 30%: 70%, 40%: 60%, 50 % : 50%. So that the value of the volume of gas produced is proportional to the productivity of biogas. To find out the volume of biogas in the digester using a manometer U. In the study, the results obtained were the value of the filling mixture variation in biogas productivity for the highest value at the mixed variation of 50%: 50% with a value of 2.061 liter/kg. The highest blue RGB flame was obtained at a mixed variation of 70% : 30% with a value of 66.14 and a red RGB flame value was obtained at a mixed variation of 50% : 50% with a value of 42.14.
Pengaruh bahan baku sampah sayuran dan buah terhadap produksi biogas menggunakan starter Effective Mikroorganisme 4 Dwi Irawan; Wahyudi Saipulloh; Ardyanto Darmanto
ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin & Manufaktur Vol 3 No 2 (2022): Jurnal Armatur
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/armatur.v3i2.2865

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Vegetable and fruit waste in traditional markets is very abundant, consisting of several waste materials left over from the sorting process for sale such as kale, cabbage, spinach, mustard greens, sweet potato leaves, cassava leaves and broccoli. Then fruit waste such as oranges, salak, melons, watermelons, and mangoes also adorn the market. In fact, the rest of the vegetables and fruits that are only used as waste can be used as materials to be processed to produce alternative energy, namely biogas. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of vegetable and fruit waste raw materials with the addition of effective microorganisms (EM4) on the production and pressure of the biogas produced. The research was carried out with variations of raw materials for vegetable and fruit waste with a ratio of 50%; 50%, 60% ; 40%, and 60% ; 40%. The results in comparison 1 obtained a mass of 0.03169 kg with a pressure of 14751 N/m2, while in the second comparison, better results were obtained, the resulting pressure was 2552, 62 N/m2 and the mass obtained was 0.0323956 kg, then in the third comparison, the resulting pressure is 11635.66 N/m2 with a mass obtained of 0.315107 kg.
Analisa proses pirolysis dengan variasi jumlah tabung pembakaran terhadap Karaktristik hasil bio-oil Kemas Ridhuan; Edi Winarno; Dwi Irawan
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 11, No 2 (2022): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v11i2.2347

Abstract

Bio-oil is a blackish liquid fuel derived from biomass such as corn cobs, rice husks and other biomass such as cocoa shells. The organic acid content in bio-oil gives bio-oil acidic properties. Bio-oil can be obtained in the pyrolysis combustion process, using a combustion tube. The number of tubes used can affect the yield characteristics of bio-oil. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of bio-oil bio-oil produced by varying the number of combustion tubes in the pyrolysis process. Such as pyrolysis time, amount of bio-oil, temperature and content of bio-oil. This research method utilizes cocoa shell biomass waste to turn into bio-oil with a pyrolysis process, namely by varying the number of combustion tubes, namely one tube, two tubes and three tubes with a diameter of one tube 27.74 cm, two tubes 19.6 cm and three tubes 16 cm with the same cylinder volume of 18.7 cm3, by carrying out the prolysis process, namely putting the cocoa shell waste into the combustion tube and closing it. Then the combustion tube is inserted into the pyrolysis reactor and then closed and then burned. From the results of the research, the results of bio-oil in a single tube of raw material were 130 ml with a processing time of 113 minutes and bio-oil characteristics, a calorific value of 2177,464 cal/g, a viscosity of 1,574 CPs, and a pH of 4.77. Whereas in the second raw material tube, there were 80 ml with a processing time of 105 minutes and specifications for bio-oil, a calorific value of 2071,151 cal/g, a viscosity of 1,780 CPs and a pH of 4.96. While the three raw material tubes were 50 ml with a processing time of 100 minutes, and bio-oil specifications, calorific value 1983,950 cal/g, viscosity 2,626 CPs and pH 5.42.
Analisis DSSC menggunakan mulberry powder dan buah naga sebagai fotosensitizer Nurlaila Rajabiah; Dwi Irawan
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 11, No 2 (2022): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v11i2.2348

Abstract

Fabrication prototype of DSSC (Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell) using mulberry powder from mulberry leaf extract (Morus Alba L.) and dragon fruit (Hylocereus Polyrhizus) as photosensitizers has been carried out. The test was carried out by testing the I-V characteristics at a light distance of 10, 20 and 30 cm from the material sample. The test results show that the chlorophyll of mulberry and dragon fruit is capable of producing an electric current which is a characteristic of the resistance of organic materials. In DSSC with mulberry powder dye, the greatest power was found at a halogen lamp distance of 10 cm with a power of 257.77 mW. Whereas in DSSC with red dragon fruit flesh dye, the greatest power was obtained at 162.35 mW with the halogen lamp distance from the DSSC device being 10 cm. DSSC testing using mulberry powder and dragon fruit showed that the power produced on mulberry powder leaves was higher than dragon fruit. The results of the I-V characteristic test on the DSSC device show a linear graph.
Comparison of Types and Size of Biomass on Pirolysis Combustion Toward The Results of Bio-Charcoal and Liquid Smoke Kemas Ridhuan; Dwi Irawan; Rahmady Setiawan
Journal of Engineering and Scientific Research Vol. 2 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Lampung Jl. Soemantri Brojonegoro No.1 Bandar Lampung, Indonesia 35141

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1112.53 KB) | DOI: 10.23960/jesr.v2i1.37

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Biomass is a renewable carbon source and can be processed into gas fuels, liquid and solid fuels. Biomass has several types with different grain sizes. Biomass can be converted to other forms of energy by combustion pyrolysis. Pyrolysis is the chemical decomposition of organic matter through a heating process at high temperatures with little or no oxygen. The results of the pyrolysis process in the form of bio-charcoal and liquid smoke. The purpose of this research was to determine the comparison of types and sizes of biomass in pyrolysis combustion with characteristics of bio-charcoal and liquid smoke. This research method uses rubber shell biomass waste, green coconut husk and rice husk. Biomass is burned by slow pyrolysis in the reactor with biomass fuel. Combustion in reactors and pitot tubes containing biomass. Measured temperature, time, amount of biomass, bio-charcoal and liquid smoke and the heating value of bio-charcoal. The research results obtained the heating value of rubber shell bio-charcoal at 6661.55 cal / gr, bio-charcoal yield of 2.3 kg, liquid smoke yield of 0.242 kg, green coconut husk biomass heating value amounted to 5388.56 cal/gr, the yield of 1.8 kg of bio-charcoal, the result of liquid smoke of 0.308 kg. and rice husk biomass obtained the heating value of 3626.48 cal/gr with a bio-charcoal yield of 1.3 kg resulting from liquid smoke of 0.284 kg. Keywords: Combustion, Pyrolysis, Liquid Smoke, Charcoal, Biomass