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Reverse Transcriptase PCR (Rt-PCR) for Detection of Dengue and Chikungunya Virus of Mosquito Aedes aegypti in Sokaraja Dyah Retno Annisa; Endang Srimurni Kusmintarsih; Trisnowati Budi Ambarningrum
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 1 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (377.337 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1811

Abstract

dengue fever (DF). Meanwhile, chikungunya virus causes Chikungunya fever (CF). These diseases involve three organisms, namely virus, mosquito Aedes sp., and human. The transmission of dengue and chikungunya virus is related to the population of Ae. aegypti. Banyumas regency is one of the regions with many cases of dengue and chikungnya virus infections, particularly in Purwokerto, Sokaraja, and Cilongok sub-district. Up to this time, there is no medicine and vaccine provided to treat these viruses effectively. Thus, detection of virus inside vector will be effectively performed in order to predict the transmission risk of dengue and chikungunya virus. This research aimed to know the molecular detection of dengue and chikungunya virus on adult Ae.aegypti mosquito in Sokaraja Region, Banyumas Regency. Survey was done by a cross-sectional method in Sokaraja sub-district from May 2019 – March 2019. Furthermore, technical sampling that used was purposive sampling method of adult Ae.aegypti using BG-Sentital Trap, followed by molecular detection of dengue virus using Two-step RT-PCR and chikungunya gene virus using RT-PCR. Molecular detection of DENV and CHIKV of mosquitoes which collected from Sokaraja region showed negative result
Tingkat Resistensi Lipas Jerman (Blattella germanica L.) asal Tiga Pasar di Kota Purwokerto terhadap Fipronil Menggunakan Metode Kontak dan Umpan Trisnowati Budi Ambarningrum; Endang Srimurni Kusmintarsih; Trisno Haryanto; Edi Basuki; Dwi Sarwani Sri Rejeki
ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies Vol 14 No 1 (2022): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 14 Nomor 1 2022
Publisher : Loka Litbang Kesehatan Pangandaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (445.563 KB) | DOI: 10.22435/asp.v14i1.4495

Abstract

Lipas jerman telah resisten terhadap berbagai macam insektisida, dibuktikan dengan adanya kasus resistensi lipas jerman yang dilaporkan terjadi di beberapa wilayah di Indonesia. Meskipun demikian, di wilayah Kota Purwokerto sampai saat ini belum ada laporan mengenai kasus resistensi tersebut. Tujuan khusus penelitian ini adalah mengetahui status resistensi lipas jerman dari tiga pasar tradisional yang ada di Kota Purwokerto terhadap fipronil. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kontak dan umpan dengan menggunakan sepuluh ekor lipas jantan dan diulang lima kali untuk masing-masing strain. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis probit untuk menghitung waktu kematian (Lethal Time), untuk kemudian dihitung tingkat resistensinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa waktu kematian (LT50) lipas lapangan menggunakan metode kontak pada tingkat resistensi tertinggi adalah dari strain Pasar-1 dengan nilai LT50 sebesar 3,05 jam, sedangkan terendah adalah strain Pasar-3 dengan nilai LT50 sebesar 1,83 jam. Hasil pengujian dengan metode umpan menggunakan gel bait mengandung fipronil 0.03% diperoleh nilai LT50 lipas asal Pasar-1 sebesar 14,16 jam, sedangkan lipas dari Pasar-3 mempunyai nilai LT50 sebesar 8,02 jam. Hasil penghitungan nilai rasio resistensi (RR50) menunjukkan bahwa semua lipas asal tiga pasar tradisional di Kota Purwokerto tidak menunjukkan resistensi terhadap fipronil yang diujikan dengan nilai rasio resistensi semua strain lapangan di bawah 1. Simpulan hasil penelitian ini adalah lipas strain pasar tradisional di Kota Purwokerto masih rentan terhadap insektisida berbahan aktif fipronil. Bahan aktif fipronil dalam formulasi umpan dimungkinkan untuk digunakan dalam monitoring dan pengendalian lipas jerman.
Karakteristik Bakteri Pendegradasi Bahan Pangan Asal Saluran Pencernaan Kecoa Amerika (Periplaneta americana) dari Pasar Tradisional Dwiana Muflihah Yulianti; Arif Rahman Hikam; Trisnowati Budi Ambarningrum; Taruna Dwi Satwika; Dyah Fitri Kusharyati; Hilmiyah Al'alawiyah
Biotropic : The Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023): Biotropic, Volume 7 Nomor 1, 2023
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29080/biotropic.v7i1.1662

Abstract

American cockroach (Periplaneta americana) is one of the most common pests found in houses, apartments, and public facilities such as markets. As vector insects, cockroaches have symbiosis with microorganisms. Some of these microorganisms can live in cockroaches' cuticles and digestive tracts. Besides being able to pose a danger to human health, the microbes in cockroach bodies also have the potential to cause food damage. This study aimed to determine the diversity of microorganisms originating from the digestive tract of the American cockroach and their potential to cause food spoilage. The research was conducted in several stages: sampling cockroaches at a traditional market, isolating bacteria from the digestive tract of cockroaches, qualitatively testing amylolytic, proteolytic, and lipolytic potentials, and characterizing bacterial isolate by morphologically and biochemically character. The results showed that there were 26 isolates of bacteria isolated from the digestive tract of American cockroaches from the market, 62.96% of the isolates were found to have the ability to degrade protein, 37.04% of the isolates had the ability to degrade starch, and 40.74% of the total isolates can degrade fat. These isolates had various morphological and biochemical characteristics. Bacterial isolates derived from American cockroaches from traditional markets have the potential to degrade food.
Reverse Transcriptase PCR (Rt-PCR) for Detection of Dengue and Chikungunya Virus of Mosquito Aedes aegypti in Sokaraja Annisa, Dyah Retno; Kusmintarsih, Endang Srimurni; Ambarningrum, Trisnowati Budi
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 1 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1811

Abstract

dengue fever (DF). Meanwhile, chikungunya virus causes Chikungunya fever (CF). These diseases involve three organisms, namely virus, mosquito Aedes sp., and human. The transmission of dengue and chikungunya virus is related to the population of Ae. aegypti. Banyumas regency is one of the regions with many cases of dengue and chikungnya virus infections, particularly in Purwokerto, Sokaraja, and Cilongok sub-district. Up to this time, there is no medicine and vaccine provided to treat these viruses effectively. Thus, detection of virus inside vector will be effectively performed in order to predict the transmission risk of dengue and chikungunya virus. This research aimed to know the molecular detection of dengue and chikungunya virus on adult Ae.aegypti mosquito in Sokaraja Region, Banyumas Regency. Survey was done by a cross-sectional method in Sokaraja sub-district from May 2019 – March 2019. Furthermore, technical sampling that used was purposive sampling method of adult Ae.aegypti using BG-Sentital Trap, followed by molecular detection of dengue virus using Two-step RT-PCR and chikungunya gene virus using RT-PCR. Molecular detection of DENV and CHIKV of mosquitoes which collected from Sokaraja region showed negative result
Deteksi Molekuler Virus Dengue dan Chikungunya pada Nyamuk Aedes spp. di Kecamatan Cilongok Fitriana, Dwi Iva; Kusmintarsih, Endang Srimurni; Ambarningrum, Trisnowati Budi
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 2 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.2.1815

Abstract

Kecamatan Cilongok merupakan salah kecamatan endemis DBD dan pernah mengalami KLB chikungunya. Deteksi virus pada nyamuk sebelum menginfeksi manusia penting sebagai peringatan dini dalam upaya pencegahan wabah di daerah endemis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui infeksi virus Dengue dan Chikungunya pada nyamuk Aedes spp. asal kecamatan Cilongok. Penelitian ini dilakukan di empat desa di Kecamatan Cilongok yang meliputi Desa Cilongok, Pernasidi, Kalisari, dan Jatisaba. Desain penelitian ini adalah studi purposive random sampling . Deteksi virus Dengue dan Chikungunya pada nyamuk dilakukan menggunakan teknik Reverse-Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Hasil positif virus dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk menggambarkan potensi transmisi virus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nyamuk Aedes spp. yang tertangkap tidak mengandung virus Dengue dan Chikungunya. Kata kunci: Aedes spp., chikungunya virus, dengue virus, teknik RT-PCR
Deteksi Molekuler Virus Chikungunya pada Nyamuk Aedes aegypti Menggunakan Metode Two Step RT PCR Sativa, Alvira Rifdah; Kusmintarsih, Endang Srimurni; Ambarningrum, Trisnowati Budi
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 2 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.2.1834

Abstract

The Chikungunya fever is a disease caused by an Alphavirus from the family Togaviridae with the symptoms of a patient's posture that is bent over by severe joint pain (arthalgia). Chikungunya disease can be transmitted to humans through an Aedes aegypti as a vector. The outbreak of Chikungunya in Indonesia was first reported in 1973 in Samarinda and then spread to various other regions. Surveillance data show almost every year of the outbreak occurred in various regions in Indonesia. In 2013 there was the outbreak of Chikungunya in North Purwokerto, especially in Bancarkembar and Grendeng.Until now, the medicine or vaccine has not been found to prevent Chikungunya disease. The purpose of this research is to know the infection of virus Chikungunya on Ae. aegypti. This research was conducted by surveying methods with sampling techniques using purposive sampling The observed parameter is th positivity of virus Chikungunya. Analysis data by observing the appearance of DNA band on UV Transilluminator. The results that the amplikon cDNA CHIKV is not detected by the two step RT-PCR method. Key Words : Aedes aegypti, Chikungunya, DNA, Vector
Efektivitas Zat Aktif Fipronil pada Berbagai Substrat Fagostimulan untuk Pengendalian Kecoak Jerman (Blattella germanica L.) Maula, Riska Isna; Pratiknyo, Hery; Susilo, Untung; Ambarningrum, Trisnowati Budi
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 2 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.2.1859

Abstract

German cockroach (Blattella germanica L.), is a residential insect pest and vector of various diseases. To control its population, alternative chemical control models with Fipronil 0.03% are now being developed. Fipronil has been proven to be effective and has no resistance. To increase the effectiveness of the bait in controlling German cockroaches, a fipronil 0.03% combination needs to be developed with a phagostimulant bait of bananas, durian, erythisol sugar, and sugar formulation, so this study needs to be done. This study used an experimental method with a randomized block design (RBD), five treatments such as A: bait with a combination of banana phagostimulant and 0.03% fipronil, B: bait with a combination of durian phagostimulant and 0.03% fipronil, C: bait with a combination erythisol phagostimulant and 0.03% fipronil, D: bait with a combination of sugar phagostimulant and 0.03% fipronil, K: bait with a combination of matrix and fipronil 0.03% (control positive) was used for the interest test, and bait with a matrix without fipronil 0.03% (control negative) was used for mortality testing. The observations the average results for durian, banana, sugar formulated, erytrisol sugar and controls, respectively 20%, 20%, 21.6%, 12.4%, and 22.8%, while the results bait consumed with durian stimulation are 0.29g, banana 0.31g, sugar formulation 0.28g, erytrisol sugar 0.26g and control 0.24g. However, based on statistical tests, the results of the interest test with the feed consumption test between treatments showed no significant difference (p>0.05). The test results in mortality of cockroaches Germany's feed with phagostimulan durian, banana, formulations sugar, sugar erytrisol and control consecutively 98% 100 %, 98%, 98%, and 20%, based on the statistical test there is a significant difference (p<0.05), where the difference based on the Duncan test is their treatment compared to control.
Ketertarikan dan Kesukaan Kecoak Jerman, Blatella germanica L. (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae) Terhadap Fagostimulan Berbeda Ilhami, Femilia Hajar; Ambarningrum, Trisnowati Budi; Pratiknyo, Hery
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 2 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.2.1983

Abstract

German cockroaches (Blatella germanica) L. are includes in settlement bugs that are hard to terminate. One alternative to control German cockroaches that are using bait. To make bait formulation, the first thing is look for the type of phagostimulant that can be interesting and attractive to German cockroaches. The purpose of this research is to study the type of phagostimulant that has the ability to attract and liked by German cockroaches. Phagostimulant types used are bananas, durian, sugar formulations, and erythrisol. Data from observations of interest in test interest were analyzed using the t test and calculation of the attraction index, while the data for German roaches favored were analyzed using ANOVA and index feeding calculations. The results obtained were that German cockroaches were attracted to bananas, durian, sugar formulations, and erythrisol. ANOVA analysis results obtained sig 0.029 (p <0.05). The results of the calculation of the attractiveness index and feeding index obtained German cockroaches are preferred by bananas compared to other phagostimulants. The conclusion of this study is the type of phagostimulant that can attract cockroaches Germany is banana, durian, sugar formulation, and erythrisol, while the type of phagostimulant most preferred by German cockroaches is banana.
Perilaku Memilih Umpan Dengan Fagostimulan Yang Berbeda Pada Kecoak Jerman Blattella germanica L. (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae) Aliefia, Rizky Arjunnajat; Ambarningrum, Trisnowati Budi; Basuki, Edi
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 3 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.2007

Abstract

German cockroach (Blattella germanica L.) is one of the important residential pest insects, because of its role as a vector of disease. To reduce its population, it can be used with bait techniques. However, there was a rejection of glucose against German cockroaches against phagostimulant-based commercial bait. Therefore it is necessary to review the phagostimulant as a component of the bait to minimize failure to control German cockroaches based on bait using German cockroaches strain VCRU (Vector Control Research Unit). The first step to formulating the bait is to find the phagostimulant most sought by German cockroaches. The ingredients used as fagostimlan are sugar, durian, erythritol, and banana. The purpose of this study was to determine the behavior of choosing German cockroaches against bait with different phagostimulants and the peak of feeding activity in German cockroaches. This study used an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments giving phagostimulant and repeated 4 times divided into four test arenas. The treatment consisted of bait which each contained sugar, durian, erythritol, and banana as phagostimulants. Observation of behavior using the method of behavior sampling is recorded in continuous recording for 24 hours using a Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) camera. The parameters measured were latency, frequency, duration, and peak feeding activity of German cockroaches. The data were analyzed with ANOVA at p <0.05. The results showed that the behavior of selecting cockroaches from the VCRU strain on the bait was not significantly different (p<0.05) and was attracted to all feeds provided, but gel bait with sugar phagostimulant was the preferred bait by looking at the three parameters of latency, frequency, and duration. The results of the average latency in the VCRU strain to the durian gel for 17 minutes, the average frequency of most visits to the sugar gel in the VCRU strain by 10 times, the longest average duration of the VCRU strain gel for 1 minute 46 seconds and peak eating activity VCRU strains occur between 17:00 - 20:00.
Kelimpahan Tungau Predator pada Tanaman Melati Gambir (Jasminum officinale) di Desa Cipawon, Bukateja, Purbalingga, Jawa Tengah Rakhmayani, Ika; Budianto, Bambang Heru; Ambarningrum, Trisnowati Budi
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 3 No 1 (2021): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.3927

Abstract

Tanaman melati gambir (Jasminum officinale) yang terdapat di Kecamatan Bukateja, Desa Cipawon, Purbalingga, Jawa Tengah merupakan salah satu komoditas bernilai ekonomi tinggi, kegunaannya tidak hanya sebagai tanaman hias, tetapi sebgai bahan pengharum the, kosmetik, parfum, dan lain-lain. Salah satu penyebab penurunan produktivitas Melati Gambir di disebabkan oleh adanya serangan hama yaitu tungau. Populasi tungau hama dikendalikan oleh tungau predator. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis tungau predator dan menentukan kelimpahan tungau predator pada tanaman Melati Gambir di Desa Cipawon, Purbalingga, Jawa Tengah. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling. Terdapat sembilan titik sampling, delapan titik di tepi luar dan satu titik di tengah perkebunan. Setiap sampling diwakili oleh tiga pohon. Sampel berupa daun melati gambir berasal dari 10 tangkai daun terbawah diperoleh sebanyak 270 sampel daun. Masing-masing titik sampling diambil sebanyak tiga kali ulangan dengan interval waktu satu minggu. Variabel yang diamati meliputi jumlah individu dan jumlah spesies tungau predator pada tanaman melati gambir dan parameter yang dihitung yaitu luas daun, sudut duduk daun, panjang dan kerapatan trikoma, temperature, kelembapan serta curah hujan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan analisis variansi (ANOVA) dengan tingkat kesalahan 20%. Hasil identifikasi tungau predator pada tanaman melati gambir didapatkan dua spesies yaitu Amblyseius largoensis dan Phytoseius amba. A. largoensis sebanyak 76 individu dengan presentase kelimpahan 61,8% dan P. amba sebanyak 47 individu dengan presentase kelimpahan 38,2%. Kelimpahan tungau predator tergolong sedang karena predator mudah dijumpai, setiap tiga daun dijumpai satu predator.