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<![CDATA[NOMINEE AGREEMENT DALAM KEPEMILIKAN SAHAM PERSEROAN TERBATAS ]]>
<![CDATA[Sugiani, Ni Komang Mega]]>;
<![CDATA[Resen, Made Gde Subha Karma]]>
<![CDATA[ Kertha Desa Vol 12 No 1 (2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Kertha Desa ]]>
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<![CDATA[Artikel jurnal menganalisis mengenai penggunaan nominee pada hak atas kepemilikan saham PT. Investor asing menggunakan nominee sebagai bentuk penyelundupan hukum unuk menyiasti peraturan pemerintah, khususnya mengenai batas kepemilikan saham oleh investor asing. Investor asing menggunakan nominee bertujuan untuk menguasai secara penuh akan kontrol dan manajemen suatu perusahaan guna mendapatkan keuntungan. Penggunaan nomine sebagai bentuk penyelundupan hukum dapat menyebabkan kepemilikan fiktif. Penelitian ini akan membahas mengenai bagaimana keberadaan nominee agreement di Indonesia serta membahas bagaimana penggunaan nominee agreement dalam kepemilikan saham Perseroan Terbatas (PT). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode empiris yakni penelitian yang meneliti peraturan-peraturan hukum yang berlaku yang kemudian digabungkan dengan kenyataan yang terjadi di masyarakat. Hasil studi menunjukan nominee merupakan bentuk penyelundupan hukum yang laranganya telah terdapat dalam UU Perseroan Terbatas dan Penanaman Modal. Kepemilikan saham, nominee sebagai legal owner dianggap sah secara hukum sebagai pemilik dari saham karena nama nominee yang tercantum dalam kepemilikan saham. Meski dilarang sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku, kenyataanya nominee masih banyak digunakan oleh investor asing yang melakukan investasi di Indonesia, hal ini dikarenakan oleh tindakan pemerintah yang terkesan membiarkan penggunaan nominee. Journal article analyzes the use of nominees in PT share ownership rights. Foreign investors use nominees as a form of legal smuggling to get around government regulations, especially regarding share ownership limits by foreign investors. Foreign investors use nominees with the aim of fully controlling the control and management of a company in order to gain profits. The use of nominees as a form of legal smuggling can result in fictitious ownership. This research will discuss how nominee agreements exist in Indonesia and discuss how nominee agreements are used in Limited Liability Company (PT) share ownership. This research uses empirical methods, namely research that examines applicable legal regulations which are then combined with the realities that occur in society. The results of the study show that nominees are a form of legal smuggling whose prohibition is contained in the Limited Liability Company and Capital Investment Law. Share ownership, the nominee as the legal owner is considered legally valid as the owner of the shares because the nominee's name is listed in the share ownership. Even though it is prohibited according to applicable regulations, in reality nominees are still widely used by foreign investors who invest in Indonesia, this is due to the government's actions which seem to allow the use of nominees.]]>
<![CDATA[PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA PENIPUAN MELALUI QRIS PALSU ]]>
<![CDATA[Julintika, Sang Ayu Kadek Neni]]>;
<![CDATA[Resen, Made Gde Subha Karma]]>
<![CDATA[ Kertha Desa Vol 11 No 12 (2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Kertha Desa ]]>
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<![CDATA[Penelitian ini mempunyai tujuan untuk menganalisis penipuan dalam transaksi elektronik selaras terhadap hukum yang ada dalam Negara Indonesia dan tanggung jawab hukum yang harus ditanggung oleh pelaku penipuan menggunakan QRIS palsu. Penelitian ini mengadopsi metode hukum normatif dengan fokus pada analisis undang-undang dan konsep hukum. Temuan dari studi ini menunjukkan bahwa Tindak penipuan dalam transaksi elektronik diatur dalam Pasal 28 ayat (1) Perubahan Kedua UUITE, meskipun tidak secara eksplisit, namun terdapat unsur “mengakibatkan kerugian konsumen dalam transaksi elektronik” yang dapat dijadikan dasar tindak pidana penipuan dalam transaksi elektronik. Penggunaan QRIS palsu untuk melakukan penipuan juga dapat mengakibatkan pertanggungjawaban pidana sesuai dengan prinsip “lex spesialis derogate legi generalis”, yang mengacu pada Pasal 28 ayat (1) UU Perubahan Kedua UUITE bersamaan dengan Pasal 45A Perubahan Kedua UUITE. Berdasarkan Pasal 45 UU Perubahan Kedua UUITE, pelaku penipuan dengan QRIS palsu dalam transaksi elektronik dapat dikenai hukuman penjara hingga 6 tahun dan/atau denda maksimal Rp 1.000.000.000,00. This research aims to analyze fraud in electronic transactions in accordance with existing laws in Indonesia and the legal responsibilities that must be borne by perpetrators of fraud using fake QRIS. This research adopts a normative legal method with a focus on analyzing laws and legal concepts. The findings of this study show that acts of fraud in electronic transactions are regulated in Article 28 paragraph (1) of the Second Amendment to the UUITE, although not explicitly, but there is an element of "resulting in consumer losses in electronic transactions" which can be used as the basis for criminal acts of fraud in electronic transactions. The use of fake QRIS to commit fraud can also result in criminal liability in accordance with the principle of "lex specialist derogate legi generalis", which refers to Article 28 paragraph (1) of the UUITE Second Amendment Law together with Article 45A of the UUITE Second Amendment. Based on Article 45 of the UUITE Second Amendment Law, perpetrators of fraud using fake QRIS in electronic transactions can be subject to a prison sentence of up to 6 years and/or a maximum fine of IDR 1,000,000,000.00.]]>
<![CDATA[Perlindungan Konsumen dalam E-Commerce di Indonesia (Hambatan Penerapan Regulasi Antara Penerapan Dan Pengawasan) ]]>
<![CDATA[Rosianna Evanesa Sihombing]]>;
<![CDATA[Made Gede Subha Karma Resen]]>
<![CDATA[ Aliansi: Jurnal Hukum, Pendidikan dan Sosial Humaniora Vol. 1 No. 6 (2024): November: Aliansi: Jurnal Hukum, Pendidikan dan Sosial Humaniora ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Asosiasi Peneliti dan Pengajar Ilmu Hukum Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.62383/aliansi.v1i6.539
<![CDATA[This research aims to analyze consumer protection in e-commerce in Indonesia, focusing on the obstacles in implementing consumer protection regulations in e-commerce in Indonesia. It also aims to analyze and evaluate the challenges related to compliance and oversight in the application of consumer protection regulations. In the digital era, e-commerce transactions have rapidly evolved, but this has also led to various consumer protection issues, such as fraud and a lack of transparency. For that reason, appropriate regulations are needed to protect consumers. This research employs a normative-descriptive research method, utilizing both the statute approach and the conceptual approach. The author uses the statute approach to analyze the applicable laws related to e-commerce and consumer protection, while the conceptual approach is used to explore the ideal concept of consumer protection in the context of digital transactions. The research results indicate that although regulations related to e-commerce are in place, the main challenge lies in the less-than-optimal implementation and oversight. Obstacles such as a lack of human resources and monitoring technology, as well as the complexity of cross-border jurisdictions, are factors that complicate effective consumer protection. Therefore, there is a need for efforts to improve legal infrastructure and stricter oversight to ensure that consumer rights are protected within the e-commerce ecosystem in Indonesia.]]>
<![CDATA[LEGAL PROTECTION AGAINST THE CASE OF PT. MOTTOLEDO AS A VIOLATOR OF FEN LIE PATENT RIGHTS ]]>
<![CDATA[Tirandika, Putu Reza Aditya]]>;
<![CDATA[Karma Resen, Made Gde Subha]]>
<![CDATA[ POLICY, LAW, NOTARY AND REGULATORY ISSUES Vol. 2 No. 3 (2023): JULY ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Transpublika Publisher ]]>
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DOI: 10.55047/polri.v2i3.718
<![CDATA[Intellectual property rights (IPR) pertain to property rights derived from human intellectual capabilities, encompassing various forms of talent displayed in technology, science, art, and literature. Adequate legal protection is essential for intellectual works to nurture societal creativity and ensure successful safeguarding of intellectual property rights. This study aims to assess the legal protection of intellectual property rights against PT Mottoledo Fen Lie Agen as a patent infringer. This study employs a normative legal study approach, focusing on the positive legal norms governing the protection of intellectual property rights against PT Mottoledo Fen Lie Agent's patent infringement. The study identifies the substantive requirements for patentability of an invention, namely: novelty, inventive steps, and industrial applicability, as specified in Articles 2-5 of the Patent Law. Concerning copyrighted books and similar works, the protection system discussed earlier adopts an automatic approach. This means that creators do not need to undergo a registration process to obtain legal protection; protection automatically exists from the moment the copyrighted work is created as a tangible expression, such as a copyrighted book, etc.]]>
<![CDATA[Tinjauan Yuridis Suara Sebagai Merek dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2016 tentang Merek dan Indikasi Geografis ]]>
<![CDATA[Kristina Sanca Ngunas]]>;
<![CDATA[Made Gede Subha Karma Resen]]>
<![CDATA[ Pemuliaan Keadilan Vol. 1 No. 4 (2024): October : Pemuliaan Keadilan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Asosiasi Penelitian dan Pengajar Ilmu Hukum Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.62383/pk.v1i4.94
<![CDATA[Voice is one of the signs in a brand. Voice comes in in non-traditional brands. Sound marks are listed in Law Number 20 of 2016 concerning Marks and Geographical Indications. In the arrangements, there is still confusion regarding this matter, so that very few votes are registered in its implementation. A small number of vote registrations really creates problems of confusion in registration. This research uses normative research through a statutory and regulatory approach and a comparative approach. The results obtained from the research are that there are obstacles in registering sound as a brand so that sound brands are refused registration. This problem concerns the bad faith carried out by the registrant. Comparison of the regulation of sound as a brand in Australia and Indonesia has similarities and differences in registration. Australia has regulated sounds that cannot be registered and regulates the duration of sounds that will be branded. while Indonesia has not yet regulated this.]]>
<![CDATA[Juridical consequences of lending and borrowing agreements that are covered with the substance of buying and selling paid off ownership rights to land: ]]>
<![CDATA[Charles Lungkang]]>;
<![CDATA[Putu Dyatmikawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Made Gde Subha Karma Resen]]>
<![CDATA[ Focus Journal : Law Review Vol 3 No 1 (2023): Focus Journal Law Review Vol. 3 No. 1 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Bali Dwipa ]]>
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DOI: 10.62795/fjl.v3i1.93
<![CDATA[The position of the lending and borrowing agreement which is covered by the substance of the sale and purchase of paid off land ownership rights, in this case the position is based on an agreement or loan agreement between the parties which requires the borrowing party to pay off the debt after a certain period of time accompanied by payment of a number of rewards. Lending within a certain period of time set by the lender. The loan recipient pays off the loan, by returning the loan money. The position of the lending and borrowing agreement relates to freedom of contract, the parties can regulate the contents of the agreement as long as it is not prohibited by law and propriety and in the contract must fulfill the terms of the agreement. This position is born from the existence of an agreement between the two parties, namely the borrower and the lender, so with this agreement the loan agreement is binding on both parties, that is, the parties cannot cancel the loan agreement without the approval of the other party. If the loan agreement is canceled or terminated unilaterally, the other party can sue. After the money that is the object of the agreement has actually been handed over by the lender to the borrower, the borrower must or has the obligation to return the loan on time to the lender in accordance with the agreement in the agreement.]]>
<![CDATA[Is the Paradigm of Tabellionis Officium Fideliter Exercebo Aligned with the Cyber Notary Concept in Indonesia’s Public Notary Development? ]]>
<![CDATA[Resen, Made Gde Subha Karma]]>;
<![CDATA[Dewi , Ni Putu Kompiang Ratna]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): Legal Transformation and Policy Challenges in Indonesia: Navigating Technology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/jils.v10i1.14126
<![CDATA[The concept of the cyber notary emerged to address the need for legal recognition and to resolve issues regarding electronic transactions. The rise of electronic transactions defined by remote exchanges, along with the advancements of the 4.0 Industrial Revolution—characterized by automation and digitalization—has driven the development of various technological adaptations in notarial practices in Indonesia. However, notaries, in performing their duties and authority, are bound by the principle of Tabellionis Officium Fideliter Exercebo. This principle requires notaries to work traditionally. The problems discussed in this research are: (1) What is the concept of cyber notary from a comparative perspective? and (2) Is the Paradigm of the Principles of Tabellionis Officium Fideliter Exercebo in line with the concept of cyber notary? This scholarly article employs normative legal research, utilizing a statutory approach, a conceptual approach, and a comparative approach. Neither France nor the United States uses the term of 'cyber notary' or 'electronic notary' as these concepts were initially conceived to address issues related to electronic transactions. In Indonesia, the term 'cyber notary' has been adopted to study various technological adaptations in notarial work, resulting in misunderstanding of the terminology and its intended meaning. This has confused cyber notary research. The concept of the cyber notary is not directly aligned with the principle of Tabellionis Officium Fideliter Exercebo. Instead, technological adaptations in notarial work should be explored under the framework of Modernization of Notarial Practice,' while maintaining adherence to the Tabellionis Officium Fideliter Exercebo principle.]]>
<![CDATA[ASPEK YURIDIS PENERBITAN OBLIGASI DAERAH SEBAGAI SUMBER PEMBIAYAAN ALTERNATIF DI DAERAH ]]>
<![CDATA[Subha Karma Resen, Made Gde]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Komunikasi Hukum Vol 1 No 2 (2015): Jurnal Komunikasi Hukum ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Program Studi Ilmu Hukum Fakultas Hukum dan Ilmu Sosial Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha Singaraja ]]>
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DOI: 10.23887/jkh.v1i2.6105
<![CDATA[Tulisan ini berjudul Aspek Yuridis Penerbitan Obligasi Daerah Sebagai Sumber Pembiayaan Alternatif di Daerah. Di era otonomi Daerah, pemerintah daerah memiliki peran penting dalam rangka mewujudkan pembangunan dan kesejahteraan di Daerah. Permasalahan yang sering terjadi adalah, tidak adanya pendanaan yang cukup, karena tidak semua pemerintah daerah memiliki surplus anggaran. Sehingga pemerintah Daerah diberikan peluang untuk mencari alternatif sumber pembiayaan sebagai wujud kemandirian daerah, salah satunya dengan cara menerbitkan obligasi daerah. Obligasi daerah juga membuka peluang bagi masyarakat di Daerah pada khususnya untuk ikut berpartisipasi berinvestasi. Kata Kunci: Obligasi Daerah, Investasi, Kesejahteraan.]]>
<![CDATA[Analysis of Open and Closed Proportional System General Elections From a Democratic Perspective ]]>
<![CDATA[Manika, Agus Surya]]>;
<![CDATA[Subawa, I Made]]>;
<![CDATA[Kartika, I Gusti Ayu Putri]]>;
<![CDATA[Resen, Made Gde Subha Karma]]>
<![CDATA[ East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Vol. 3 No. 10 (2024): October 2024 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL ]]>
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DOI: 10.55927/eajmr.v3i10.11512
<![CDATA[The implementation of general elections is one of the characteristics of a democratic country as a form of people's sovereignty. There are various types of general election systems throughout the world, including open and closed proportional systems. The normative legal method is based on the absence of norms in Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 7 of 2023 concerning the Stipulation of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law Number 1 of 2022 concerning Amendments to Law Number 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections into Law, where this Law only regulates the open proportional general election system and there is no regulation on the closed proportional system. The problem discussed in this study is how is the analysis of the open and closed proportional general election system from a democratic perspective? and which general election system is better to use for Indonesia and other democratic countries?.]]>
<![CDATA[Initiating Preventive Legal Protection for Defaulted Insurance Customers: an Axiological Study ]]>
<![CDATA[Purnomo, Hendro]]>;
<![CDATA[Sumadi, I Putu Sudarma]]>;
<![CDATA[Marwanto, Marwanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Resen, Made Gde Subha Karma]]>
<![CDATA[ East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Vol. 3 No. 11 (2024): November 2024 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL ]]>
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DOI: 10.55927/eajmr.v3i11.12387
<![CDATA[Insurance helps individuals manage risks in areas like health, education, and retirement. However, issues such as defaults by insurance companies can harm customers and erode public trust. To address this, preventive measures, including establishing a Policy Guarantee Agency, are needed to protect customers and minimize losses. This normative legal study examines preventive protection regulations, focusing on balance in contracts and legal protection theories, and proposes constructing regulations for a policy guarantee program. Findings reveal that while the Insurance Law mandates such regulation, its absence creates legal uncertainty, leaving customers vulnerable to losses from insurance defaults.]]>
