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Rahayu, Aster
Ahmad Dahlan University
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Journal : Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry

 1 
Reduction of COD, pH and Phosphate Levels in Laundry Wastewater Using Multi Soil Layering (MSL) Method Aster Rahayu; Maryudi Maryudi; Nuraini Nuraini; Nafira Alfi Zaini Amrillah; Irwan Mulyadi; Farah Fadillah Hanum
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 13 No. 1 (2023): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v13i1.450

Abstract

The growth of laundry services is directly proportional to the use of detergent. Detergent is a cleaning product that contains high levels of COD and phosphate. One method that can be used to overcome this problem is Multi Soil Layering (MSL). This research focussed on the flow rate's effect on decreasing pH, COD, and phosphate levels in industrial laundry waste. MSL was installed using a mixture of andosol soil and activated charcoal from coconut shells. Laundry wastewater was let into MSL with flowrate: 10, 50, and 100 ml/minute. The waste degradation system is placed anaerobically by optimising the anaerobic process in the andosol soil. The pH, COD, and phosphate levels were achieved at 7, 90.9%, and 80.7% by draining the laundry industry waste into the MSL system. This MSL method has a residence time of 266 minutes for a flowrate of 100 mL/minute, 532 minutes for a flowrate of 50 mL/minute and 2660 for a flowrate of 10 mL/minute. Keywords:  MSL;  Phosphate;  COD;  Laundry Industry; Andosol soilABSTRAKPenurunan Kadar COD, pH dan Fosfat pada Air Limbah Laundry Menggunakan Metode Multi Soil Layering (MSL)Pertumbuhan jasa laundry berbanding lurus dengan penggunaan detergen. Detergen merupakan produk pembersih yang mengandung COD dan fosfat dalam kadar tinggi. Salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah Multi Soil Layering (MSL). Penelitian ini berfokus pada pengaruh laju alir terhadap penurunan pH, COD, dan kadar fosfat pada limbah laundry industri. MSL dipasang menggunakan campuran tanah andosol dan arang aktif dari tempurung kelapa. Air limbah laundry dimasukkan ke dalam MSL dengan debit aliran: 10, 50, dan 100 mL/menit. Sistem degradasi sampah ditempatkan secara anaerobik dengan mengoptimalkan proses anaerobik di tanah andosol. Kadar pH, COD, dan fosfat dicapai pada 7, 90,9%, dan 80,7% dengan mengalirkan limbah industri laundry ke dalam sistem MSL. Metode MSL ini memiliki waktu tinggal 266 menit untuk laju alir 100 mL/menit, 532 menit untuk laju alir 50 mL/menit dan 2660 untuk laju alir 10 mL/menit.Kata kunci: MSL; Fosfat; COD; Industri Laundry; Tanah Andosol
The Utilization and Extraction Method of Nanocellulose: A Review Farrah Fadhillah Hanum; Aster Rahayu; Nafira Alfi Zaini Amrillah; Yoga Nawaki Helmi Mustafa
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 13 No. 3 (2023): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v13i3.565

Abstract

Currently, the use of nanocellulose is very broad in various fields, such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and electronics industries. In its development, this nano-sized cellulose is widely used as a reinforcement nanocomposite nanofiller. Nanocellulose has several advantages, including its large surface area, very lightweight, easy to shape, ability to break through the performance limits of conventional materials, and having a high economic value. Nanotechnology develops based on new properties produced by nanomaterials as advanced materials. Therefore, the factor of the extraction process method must be considered to produce nanocellulose that has good quality and large quantity. Nanocellulose extraction can be accomplished in a variety of ways depending on the raw material but is generally done through a combination of chemical, mechanical, and biological treatments.
Optimization and Characterization Cellulose Content of Cocoa Pod Husk from Cocoa Fermentation Center in Gunung Kidul Regency, Indonesia Through The Extraction Process Amrillah, Nafira Alfi Zaini; Hanum, Farrah Fadhillah; Rahayu, Aster; BalqisViratu Hapsari, Alliya; Nuraini
Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v14i2.703

Abstract

Lignocellulose comprises three biopolymers, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin that form a complex composite structure. Cellulose, as a biopolymer possesses notable properties including biocompatibility, biodegradability and economic viability. Gunung Kidul, one of the areas in Indonesia, precisely in Yogyakarta, where the population is known to live as cocoa farmers, so the potential for cocoa husks production is quite large. One way to obtain cellulose is by extracting the cacao husks from Gunung Kidul Cocoa Fermentation Center. Cellulose extraction were carried out through two main stages: alkaline delignification and bleaching. Based on the FTIR characterization results, the cocoa skins from Gunung Kidul Fermentation Center have the potential to separate cellulose from lignin and hemicellulose, which is shown in the presence of the function groups O-H, CH2, and C=O. So, the study aimed to get the optimum condition of the cellulose through several variations of the alkaline (NaOH and KOH), and the type of bleaching reagent (NaOCl and H2O2). The concentration of H2O2 (10%, 20%, 30% and 40%). The potential for cellulose can be developed and modified into nanocellulose in the future perspective.
Isotherm Adsorption of Ion Phosphate from Vinasse Waste Using Quaternary Ammonium Polymer as Adsorbent in Term Effect of Temperature Veranica; Rahayu, Aster; Maryudi; Dhias Cahya Hakika; Lee Wah Lim; Lia Anggresani
Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v14i2.720

Abstract

Vinasse liquid waste is a waste product resulting from the ethanol distillation process. Phosphate in high concentrations can harm the environment, such as by polluting water sources and underground surfaces. In this research, adsorption of phosphate ions was carried out in vinasse waste to remove these pollutants using quaternary ammonium polymers. The study examined the effect of vinasse waste sample temperature on the adsorption of phosphate ions. The first step in this work was to create a quaternary ammonium polymer utilising a one-pot technique using 2-[methacryloyloxy)ethyl trimethylammonium chloride solution, also referred to as META. Subsequently, the adsorption process was performed using temperature variations of 25, 30, 40, 50, and 60 . Phosphate ion adsorbance was measured with UV-Vis spectrometers at a wavelength of 880 nm. The quaternary ammonium polymer succeeded in adsorbing the phosphate ion content of the vinasse waste at an optimal temperature of 40 , with an adsorption capacity of 3.78 mg/L and a removal efficiency of 75.70%.  The adsorption isotherm model for phosphate ions onto quaternary ammonium polymer was studied using the Freundlich and Langmuir equations. The obtained data indicated that the Langmuir isotherm model, with an value of 0.9921, is well-suited for describing the adsorption behaviour in this research.
The Impact of Carbonization Temperature on The Quality of Empty Fruit Bunch Charcoal and Palm Kernel Charcoal for Co-Firing Application Febriani, Annisa Vada; Hanum, Farrah Fadhillah; Rahayu, Aster; Setya Wardhana, Budi; Firda Mahira Alfiata Chusna
Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v15i1.766

Abstract

Biomass is a renewable energy source that can be processed into charcoal through a carbonisation process, which depends on temperature to improve the quality of the charcoal produced.  This research focuses on the utilisation of Oil Palm Fronds (OPF) and Palm Kernel Shells (PKS) as biomass feedstock in an effort to produce an alternative fuel that can be used in the co-firing process with Low Rank Coal (LRC). This study heats palm fronds and shells at 300°C to 600°C, then measures moisture content, ash content, calorific value, and sulfur content. Based on the results, a temperature of 600°C was identified as the optimal condition for the OPF and PKS drying process. At this temperature, a significant decrease in moisture content is directly proportional to the increase in ash content and calorific value, indicating an improvement in fuel quality. The highest calorific values achieved were 6095.35 kcal/kg for OPF and 7364.81 kcal/kg for PKS. In addition, the sulphur content of the charred biomass is much lower than that of coal, which provides an advantage in terms of cleaner emissions. In comparison with LRC, the charred biomass showed better quality in terms of calorific value and lower sulphur content, despite the higher ash content of the biomass. OPF and PKS that have undergone the charring process offer a more environmentally friendly fuel alternative and have the potential to replace LRC in combustion applications, resulting in lower emissions. This study thus reinforces the potential of oil palm biomass as a promising renewable energy source.
Effectiveness of Ammonium Polymer in Improving Floating Treatment Wetland to Reduce Cod From Palm Oil Mill Effluent Hakim, Lukman; Rahayu, Aster; Jamilatun, Siti
Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v15i1.768

Abstract

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a liquid waste from the palm oil industry. This waste contains high levels of organic pollutants and can contribute to environmental pollution. Current technologies effectively degrade these pollutants but are often not environmentally friendly and expensive. Phytoremediation combined with an adsorption system using ammonium polymers is expected to address these challenges. Vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides) and ammonium polymers have been separately tested and proven capable of degrading pollutants in wastewater. The study began by modifying the planting medium for vetiver grass with gravel:polymer:soil ratio of 3:5:2. The modified net pot was then placed in a floating treatment wetland reactor for POME treatment over a remediation period of 7 days. For comparison, a control experiment was conducted using plants without polymers in the planting medium. The results showed a COD degradation of approximately 75% in POME after treatment. The reduction in COD continued to improve with increasing remediation time, reaching its peak on the seventh day. The modified planting medium also influenced plant growth, as the polymer adsorbed some phosphate and nitrate.
Isothermic Adsorption Study of Nitrate Ion Adsorption in Bioethanol Waste Using Quaternary Ammonium Polymer Amrillah, Nafira Alfi Zaini; Rahayu, Aster; Dhias Cahya Hakika; Vivi Sisca; Veranica; Firda Mahira Alfiata Chusna; Lia Anggresani; Lee Wah Lim
Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v15i1.770

Abstract

The global shift towards renewable energy sources has led to a significant increase in bioethanol production, particularly from sugar mills. Despite being an environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuels, bioethanol production produces large amounts of waste containing dangerous contaminants such as nitrate ions (NO₃⁻). These contaminants pose severe environmental and health risks, including water pollution and eutrophication. This study explores the use of ammonium polymer as an adsorbent and the influence of pH in the adsorption process as a promising technique for removing nitrate ions from bioethanol waste. Based on the analysis that has been carried out, the optimal pH for adsorption of nitrate ions is around 9, where the removal efficiency (%RE) reaches 98.43% and the adsorption capacity (Qe) is 24.86 mg/g. These experiments show that the Freundlich model, with a heterogeneity factor (n) of 1.0947 and a Freundlich constant (KF) of 1.92 x 10³ units, provides the best fit to the adsorption data, indicating a heterogeneous adsorption process with a strong affinity for nitrate ions.
Co-Authors Agus Aktawan, Agus Alfi Zaini Amrillah, Nafira Alliya BalqisViratu Hapsari Althaf Irfan Fachrezy Amelia, Shinta Amilia Amilia, Amilia Amillia, Amillia Amrillah, Nafira Alfi Zaini Areeprasert, Chinnathan Awaluddin Nurmiyanto, Awaluddin BalqisViratu Hapsari, Alliya Cahya Hakika, Dhias Chusna, Firda Mahira Alfiata Dewi Wulandari, S.Hut., M.Agr., Ph.D Dhias Cahya Hakika Dhias Cahya Hakika Dhias Cahya Hakika Dita Permata Putri Endah Sulistiawati Erna Astuti Fajri, Joni Aldilla Farah Fadillah Hanum Farrah Fadhillah Hanum Farrah Fadhillah Hanum Febriani, Annisa Vada Firda Mahira Alfiata Chusna Hanum, Farrah Fadhillah Hapsauqi, Iqbal Helmi Mustafa, Yoga Nawaki Ikko Nirwana Luthfiani Imam Santosa Irwan Mulyadi Jamilatun, Siti Jamilatun Joko Pitoyo Joni Aldilla Fajri Lee Wah Lim Lee Wah Lim Lee Wah Lim Lia Anggresani Lim , Lee Wah Lindi Juliantri Lukman Hakim Marlena, Yuni Maryudi Maryudi Maryudi Maryudi - Maryudi Maryudi Maryudi Maryudi Maryudi Mohammed, Hamad Khudhair Muhammad Kresna Islami Muhammad Kresna Islami Muhammad Kunta Biddinika Mulyadi, Irwan Muthadin , Akhmad Sabilal Nafira Alfi Zaini Amrillah Nafira Alfi Zaini Amrillah Ningsih, Devi Yogi Noviana Nuraini Nuraini Nuraini Nuraini Nuraini Nuraini Nuraini Nurmustaqimah Nurmustaqimah, Nurmustaqimah NURUL WULANDARI Rahma Yunita Amalia Refah Syauqi Refah Syauqi Remmo Sri Ardiansyah Riska Setyarini Ryan Sutedja S. Salamah Sari, Hutri Puspita Sartika Selang Setya Wardhana, Budi Setyarini , Riska Shafa Zahira Shinta Amelia Siti Jamilatun Siti Salamah Siti Salamah Soedjatmiko Sri Ardiansyah, Remmo Suradi, Siti Samahani Taufiqurahman , Muhamad Akmal Toyohide Takeuchi Ulung Muhammad Sutopo Ummi Khasanah Veranica Veranica Veranica Veranica Veranica, Veranica Vivi Sisca Winda Dwi Anggraini Yoga Nawaki Helmi Mustafa Zahira, Shafa Zahrul Mufrodi, Zahrul