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All Journal Dharmakarya : Jurnal Aplikasi Ipteks Untuk Masyarakat KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia Jurnal Kimia Mulawarman Indonesia Chimica Acta Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science and Technology Sulolipu: Media Komunikasi Sivitas Akademika dan Masyarakat
Ruslan Ruslan
Analytical Chemistry, Chemistry Department, Tadulako University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Materials Science & Nanotechnology Nursing Public Health

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Penurunan Kadar Asam dalam Kopi Robusta (Coffea canephora) dari Desa Rantebua Kabupaten Toraja Utara dengan Teknik Pemanasan: Reduce Acid Levels in Robusta Coffee (Coffea canephora) from Rantebua Village, North Toraja District by Heating Techniques Syahruddin Kasim; Syarifuddin Liong; Ruslan; Alprianto Lullung
KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 6 No. 2 (2020): Edisi Agustus
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty, Tadulako University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/kovalen.2020.v6.i2.15133

Abstract

Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) is the most widely produced coffee in Indonesia. The relatively high acid content causes robusta coffee to be less attractive to both local and international consumers. Acid levels in coffee can be reduced by heating techniques using water as a solvent because it is cheap and easy to obtain and water is also a safe solvent and has no side effects for health. Coffee bean water content was analyzed by heating to constant weight by the oven method, acid content by titration technique, and followed by organoleptic testing. The results of the analysis of water content for dry treatment of 10.02%, wet treatment of 10.35% and on heating for 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 minutes respectively at 9.99%; 10.34%; 9.70%; 10.40%; 11.65% and 11.36%. The results of the analysis of acid levels for the treatment of dry processing amounted to 3.65%, wet processing amounted to 3.42%, and for heating for 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 minutes respectively 3.03%; 2.76%; 2.51%; 2.39%; 2,32% and 2,28%. Organoleptic test results showed that the decline in the quality of coffee occurs when heating above 45 minutes. Based on research data it was concluded that the heating method can reduce acid levels in coffee beans with a maximum heating time of 45 minutes to maintain the quality of taste in coffee. Keywords: Coffea canephora, organoleptic, warming up, titration.
Sintesis Nanopartikel Perak Menggunakan Ekstrak Daun Eceng Gondok (Eichornia crassipes) Sebagai Bioreduktor: Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Leaves Extract of Water Hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) As a Bioreductor Syahruddin Kasim; Paulina Taba; Ruslan; Romi Anto
KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 6 No. 2 (2020): Edisi Agustus
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty, Tadulako University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/kovalen.2020.v6.i2.15137

Abstract

Nanoparticles was done by adding water hyacinth leave extract to AgNO3 2mM solution with a ratio of 1:40. Formed silver nanoparticles were analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer, SEM, XRD, PSA, and FTIR to determine its characteristics. Results showed that absorbance value increased if reaction time is increased. Maximum absorption was obtained at wavelength 432-446 nm by using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Result of PSA analysis shows that the average size of silver nanoparticles formed is 93.2 nm while XRD analysis shows that the average crystal size of silver nanoparticles is 50.11 nm, with round shape and amorphous. Result of FTIR analysis to determine functional group that contributes to nanoparticle synthesis shows the contribution of OH group. Keywords: reduction method, silver nanoparticles, Eichornia crassipes, bioreductor
Penyarian Konstituen Organik Daging Buah Gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk.) dengan Metode Maserasi Berbantu Microwave dan Uji Aktivitas Sebagai Antioksidan: Organic Constituent Extraction of Gaharu Fruit (Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk.) Using Microwave Assisted Maseration Method and Activity Test as Antioxidant Imran; Nurlian; L.A. Kadir; La Agusu; Ruslan
KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 7 No. 1 (2021): Edisi April
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty, Tadulako University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/kovalen.2021.v7.i1.15478

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the organic constituents and to test the antioxidant activity and toxicity of gaharu fruit pulp extract (Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk.). Gaharu fruit pulp extract was obtained through Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) method and then extracted with a solvent with different polarity, namely ethyl acetate and n-hexane. The obtained yield of ethyl acetate extract of the gaharu fruit pulp was 40.827% w/v, whereas 0% w/v in n-hexane extract, therefore, no further test for n-hexane extract, so that the n-hexane extract was not tested for the next stage. The results of the organic constituents of the ethyl acetate extract of gaharu fruit pulp showed flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, phenols and tannins. Antioxidant activity testing was carried out using the DPPH method with vitamin C as a positive control. The results of the antioxidant activity test showed that IC50 of ethyl acetate extract of gaharu fruit pulp and vitamin C were 143.789ppm and 13.797ppm, respectively. Extracts from microwave-assisted maceration that were partitioned with ethyl acetate solvent were categorized into moderate antioxidants because the IC50 value was between 101-150ppm, while vitamin C was categorized as a strong antioxidant because the IC50 value was between 0-100ppm. Toxicity testing was also carried out on ethyl acetate extract of gaharu fruit pulp using the BSLT method. The results of the toxicity test of the ethyl acetate extract of gaharu fruit pulp showed activity with an LC50 value of 11.282ppm. Based on this research, the ethyl acetate extract of gaharu fruit pulp is considered to have an anticancer potential.
Potential Combination of Kapok Leaf Extract (Ceiba pentandra G.) and Turmeric Extract (Curcuma domestica Va) as an Anticancer Compound Muh. Natsir; Sanang Nur Safitri; Oktovia Nurmawati; Muh. Saleh Purnama R.; Ruslan
KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 7 No. 1 (2021): Edisi April
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty, Tadulako University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/kovalen.2021.v7.i1.15493

Abstract

Combination of kapok leaf extract (Ceiba pertandra G.) and turmeric extract (Curcuma domestica Va.) was carried out to determine the potential of extracts in treating cancer with BSLT and murine cells P388. Cancer is a disease that is very feared because it’s difficult to cure, and even rarely causes death. The sample was extracted with methanol, the extract was mixed so that the mixture extract from the two samples was obtained. The results showed that in the BSLT test the mixed extract had a bioactivity against shrimp larvae with an LC50 value of 142.946 ppm. While in Leukemia P388 cell testing showed that the combination of mixed extracts had a cytotoxic effect on Leukemia P388 cancer cells with inhibitory concentration values of 54.34 ppm. This shows that the kapok leaf extract (Ceiba pentandra G.) and combination of turmeric extract (Curcuma domestica Va.) has potential and can be developed as an anticancer agent because it has an IC50 value that can inhibit murine P388 cell growth and LC50 value which can kill shrimp larvae Artemia salina L.
Penggunaan Karbon Aktif dari Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Teraktivasi NaOH pada Penyerapan Ion Pb(II): Utilization of NaOH-Activated Carbon from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches on Pb(II) Ion Absorption Minda M; Husain Sosidi; Ni Ketut Sumarni; Hardi Ys.; Ruslan; Nov Irmawati Inda; Moh. Mirzan
KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2022): April Edition
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty, Tadulako University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/kovalen.2022.v8.i1.15847

Abstract

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) are plantation waste that has the potential to be used as activated carbon. The main component of OPEFB is lignocellulosic which can be a source of activated carbon and utilized for Pb2+ ion adsorption. The use of activated carbon activated by NaOH still requires optimization, especially in determining the contact time and optimum adsorption pH. This study aims to determine the effect of pH and contact time on the adsorption of Pb2+ and to determine the efficiency of the adsorbent on the adsorption of Pb2+. In this study, activated carbon from OPEFB was carbonized at 300oC for 1 hour, followed by activation using NaOH 0.5%. The results showed that the use of pH 5 and a contact time of 90 minutes had a relatively higher Pb2+ adsorption than other conditions. However, the use of variations in pH and contact time had no significant effect on the adsorption of Pb2+ ions. Adsorbents with variations in pH 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 were able to absorb Pb2+ of 99.73%, 99.86%, 99.74%, 99.79%, and 99.80%, respectively. Adsorbents with variations in contact time of 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes were able to absorb Pb2+ of 99.28%, 99.40%, 99.48%, 99.44%, and 99.48%, respectively.
DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK ETANOL SABUT KELAPA (Cocos nucifera Linn) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Staphylococcus aureus DAN Escherichia coli PADA TAHU Ni Ketut Sumarni; Rahmawati Rahmawati; Syamsuddin Syamsuddin; Ruslan Ruslan
JURNAL KIMIA MULAWARMAN Vol 17 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Telah dilakukan pengujian daya hambat ekstrak etanol sabut kelapa (Cocos nucifera Linn) terhadap pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli pada tahu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi ekstrak etanol sabut kelapa yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan mikroba S.aureus dan E.coli pada tahu. Sabut kelapa diekstrak menggunakan etanol 96% dan di aplikasikan pada tahu dengan variasi konsentrasi 1000 ppm, 2000 ppm, 3000 ppm, 4000 ppm, 5000 ppm, 6000 ppm dan 7000 ppm. Selanjutnya diaplikasikan pada tahu dengan metode cawan menggunakan total plate count. Hasil perendaman ekstrak etanol sabut kelapa terhadap tahu menunjukkan konsentrasi ekstrak yang paling menghambat yaitu pada konsentrasi 7000 ppm dengan waktu 24 jam sebesar 3751 Cfu/mL untuk bakteri S.aureus dan konsentrasi 7000 ppm dengan waktu 96 jam pada bakteri E.coli. Ambang batas cemaran mikroba pada tahu sesuai SNI 2009 nomor 7388 yaitu 5×104 koloni/mL.
Studi Potensi Pencemaran Lingkungan Dari Kegiatan Pertambangan Emas Rakyat Poboya Kota Palu Ruslan Ruslan; Khairuddin Khairuddin
Jurnal Akta Kimia Indonesia (Indonesia Chimica Acta) Volume 3 No 1 - June 2010
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ica.v3i1.5972

Abstract

Study of environmental pollution potential of gold mining activities of Poboya society had been done. The aim is to obtain information on the amount of mercury concentrations in the river, tromol activity and the burning process of amalgam. The data was collected by survey and interview methods, while water and sediment sampling in rivers, wastewater and solid at tromol activity, and soil sampling around the burning of amalgam at different distances. The result showed that the presence of metallic mercury from mining activities both traditional mining using large discs made since the year 2007 and those that use Tromol which has been underway since August 2009 until now. The highest concentration of mercury in the river was 0.080 ppm, and the lowest was 0.005 ppm and the highest river sediment was 58.000 mg/kg, the lowest was 4.000 mg/kg. Then the concentration of mercury in waste water supreme tromol activity was 0.040 ppm, and the lowest was 0.005 ppm and the highest solid waste (tailings) was 88.2 mg /kg, the lowest was 80.8 mg/kg. Mercury levels around the burning of five sampling locations with different distances between 45.5 mg/kg to 99,90 mg/kg. Partially contained metal mercury at some point in the example has exceeded the maximum allowable concentration limit in a holistic and unsafe condition had been beyond its maximum concentration and water quality standard, sediment, wastewater and solid waste as required.Keywords : Traditional mining, Mercury.
PEMBUATAN MINUMAN ISOTONIK DAN SUSU COKLAT SEBAGAI OLAHAN BUAH KELAPA DI DESA BALE KECAMATAN TANANTOVEA Jaya Hardi, Ruslan, Abd. Rahman Razak dan Ahmad Ridhay Jaya Hardi; Ruslan Ruslan; Abd. Rahman Razak; Ahmad Ridhay
Dharmakarya : Jurnal Aplikasi Ipteks Untuk Masyarakat Vol 11, No 2 (2022): Juni. 2022
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/dharmakarya.v11i2.36590

Abstract

Desa Bale merupakan salah satu daerah yang terletak di Kabupaten Donggala, Sulawesi Tengah. Penduduk di Desa Bale umumnya sebagai petani kelapa. Pembuatan produk olahan kelapa yang inovatif masih sangat kurang di Desa Bale. Minuman isotonik dan susu coklat santan kelapa dapat menjadi produk olahan baru bagi masyarakat setempat. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk menambah keterampilan masyarakat di desa Bale dalam mengolah air kelapa tua dan santan kelapa menjadi produk yang menarik dan memiliki nilai jual yang menjanjikan. Metode yang digunakan pada kegiatan ini adalah penyuluhan yang diikuti dengan demonstrasi. Hasil dari kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah keterampilan masyarakat mitra di desa Bale bertambah dalam membuat minuman isotonik dan susu coklat santan kelapa dengan menggunakan metode yang sederhana dan murah. Hasil pengukuran tingkat kepuasan menunjukkan bahwa 80% peserta atau mitra sangat puas terhadap pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian. Masyarakat mitra siap untuk mengembangkan produk olahan hasil pelatihan dalam bentuk produk yang siap dipasarkan.
Penurunan Kadar Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) pada Limbah Cair Industri Tahu Menggunakan Arang Aktif dari Pelepah Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guenensis Jacq.) : Reducing Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) Levels in Tofu Industrial Liquid Waste Using Activated Charcoal from Palm Oil (Elaeis guenensis Jacq.) Mid-ribs Khairuddin; Ruslan Ruslan; Muh.Ricky Arisandi M. Tahili; Dwi Juli Puspitasari; Indriani; Husain Sosidi; Prismawiryanti; Moh. Mirzan
KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): August Edition
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty, Tadulako University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/kovalen.2022.v8.i2.15966

Abstract

Oil palm midribs (Elaeis guenensis Jacq.) are one of the wastes from oil palm plantations. The high carbon element composition in the palm midribs has the potential to be used as charcoal or activated carbon. Activated carbon can reduce COD levels in tofu industrial wastewater. This study aims to determine the effect of activated carbon mass and contact time on decreasing COD levels in tofu industrial wastewater. Palm midrib charcoal was activated using HCl 1N with the independent variable of activated charcoal mass (1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 grams) and contact times (30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes), while the dependent variable was the percentage decrease COD levels. Activated charcoal from the palm midribs was in accordance with SNI 06-3730-1995 concerning the Quality Standard of Activated Charcoal. The effect of the adsorbent mass showed that the mass increase in activated charcoal was directly proportional to the percentage decrease in COD levels in the tofu industrial wastewater, while the optimum contact time of activated charcoal was obtained at 60 minutes with a decrease in COD levels of 82.13%.
Efektivitas Fotodegradasi Lignin dari Limbah Ampas Sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) Menggunakan Katalis TiO₂: The Effectiveness of the Photodegradation of Lignin from Sago (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) Waste Using TiO₂ Catalyst Muh. Natsir; Aden Mula Pratiwi; Thamrin Azis; Nohong; Imran; Wa Ode Harlis; Alimin; La Ode Kadidae; Ruslan; C Bijang; La Ode Abd Kadir; Laily Nurliana
KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 8 No. 3 (2022): December Edition
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty, Tadulako University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/kovalen.2022.v8.i3.16149

Abstract

Lignin degradation from sago (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) waste has been carried out using a TiO2 catalyst. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of lignin degradation from sago waste using a TiO2 catalyst. Lignin from sago pulp was isolated using 10% NaOH and characterized using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results of the characterization using FTIR show that the absorption at wave number 2937.59 cm-1 is the -C-H stretching vibration of the alkane functional groups, the absorption at wave number 2360.87 cm-1 is the vibration of the C≡C triple bond, the wave numbers 1795.73 cm-1 and 1637.56 cm-1 are associated with the stretching of the carbonyl group. The absorption at wave number 1427.32 cm-1 is a C-H vibration connected to an unsaturated bond in an aromatic ring. Absorptions at wave number 1105.21 cm-1, 1128.36 cm-1, 1153.43 cm-1 were the stretching vibration of -C-H on the guaiasil ring, and the absorption at wave number 1022.27 cm-1 was the stretching vibration of C-O-C ether. From this spectrum, it can be seen that lignin is not completely pure because it is probably still mixed with cellulose. The results of the effectiveness test of lignin degradation using a TiO2 catalyst with the help of UV light were able to degrade the lignin isolated by 31.43%, for 3 hours at a lignin concentration of 40 ppm.
Co-Authors Abd. Rahman Razak Aden Mula Pratiwi Ahmad Ridhay Alimin Alprianto Lullung Arlina Mayharty Andulaai Ashari Abdullah Asmi Randa Sosang Budi Hermanto Madjaga C Bijang Christianto Pasunu Dina Apriana Putri Husni Dwi Juli Puspitasari Dwi Juli Pusptasari Eka Lindawati Enni Indriani Erwin Abdul Rahim firmasari firmasari Hajrah Hajrah Hamkah Hardi Ys Hardi Ys Hardi Ys Hardi Ys. Hardi Ys. Helni Febriani Husain Sosidi iget rais Ikatami Putri Lestari Imran Imran Indah Raya Indriani Indriani Indriani Jaya Hardi Jaya Hardi Khairuddin Khairuddin L.A. Kadir La Agusu La Ode Abd Kadir La Ode Kadidae, La Ode Laily Nurliana Laras mariance sulo Mappiratu Mappiratu Mappiratu Mappiratu Minda M Moh. Mirzan Muh. Hajir S. Lasapo Muh. Natsir Muh. Natsir Muh. Saleh Purnama R. Muh.Ricky Arisandi M. Tahili Ni Ketut Sumarni Nina Rahmadani Nohong Nov Irmawati Inda Nurhaeni Nurhaeni Nurhaeni Nurhaeni Nurlian NURUL CHOLIFAH Oktovia Nurmawati Pasjan Satrimafitrah Paulina Taba Prismawiryanti Prismawiryanti Rahmawati Rahmawati Reski Putriani Demsi Rohana Romi Anto Sanang Nur Safitri Silva Silva Sumarni Sumarni Syahruddin Kasim Syamsuddin Syamsuddin Syarifuddin Liong THAMRIN AZIS Wa Ode Harlis