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All Journal International Journal of Renewable Energy Development BERKALA SAINSTEK Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis UNEJ e-Proceeding JC-T (Journal Cis-Trans): Jurnal Kimia dan Terapannya ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Warta Pengabdian Chemistry Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research CHEESA: Chemical Engineering Research Articles Dalton : Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia dan Ilmu Kimia Journal TEPAT: Teknologi Terapan untuk Pengabdian Masyarakat Jurnal Kartika Kimia Jurnal Teknologi Dedikasi: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Pijar MIPA Journal of Food Engineering Makara Journal of Science Journal of Biobased Chemicals (JOBC) Sewagati Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Warta LPM International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis Jurnal Penelitian Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Jurnal Hasil Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Universitas Jember Indonesian Journal of Science and Education Dinamika Kerajinan dan Batik: Majalah Ilmiah
Meta Fitri Rizkiana
Department Of Chemical Engineering, Faculty Of Engineering, Universitas Jember, Jalan Kalimantan 37, Jember 68121, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Journal : Makara Journal of Science

 1 
A Comparison of Unconventional Microwave and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Methods used for Flavonoids Rahmawati, Istiqomah; Azizi, Daffa Hafiziaulhaq; Wibowo, Jihan Nafila; Reza, Muhammad; Fachri, Boy Arief; Palupi, Bekti; Rizkiana, Meta Fitri; Amini, Helda Wika; Ramadana, Ifan; Setiawan, Felix Arie
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 29, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Cocoa pods (Theobroma cacao L.) are a rich source of flavonoids, which are natural antioxidants known for their health benefits. This study investigated the use of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasound-assisted ex-traction (UAE) to extract the maximum flavonoids and antioxidants from cocoa pods. MAE and UAE are efficient and sustainable methods for extracting bioactive compounds like flavonoids and antioxidants from cocoa pods, offer-ing faster extraction, reduced solvent use, and better compound preservation compared to conventional methods. These technologies unlock the untapped potential of cocoa pods for applications in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuti-cals. The effects of extraction time (2–10 min), microwave power (100–300 W), and the ratio of cocoa husk powder to solvent (0.02–0.06 g/mL) were evaluated for MAE. Meanwhile, for UAE, different temperatures (30–50 °C), times (10–30 min), and powers (16–48 W) were studied. The Design-Expert® software with Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and a Box-Behnken Design was utilized to analyze the effects of a combination of these parameters. The re-sults showed that extraction time, microwave power, and the ratio of cocoa husk powder–solvent significantly affected the total flavonoid yield and antioxidant capacity. The highest total flavonoid yield obtained by the MAE method (123.07 ppm) was at an extraction time of 10 min, cocoa husk–solvent ratio of 0.06 mg/mL, and microwave power of 300 W. The extract obtained by the MAE method showed an excellent antioxidant capacity of 43.49 mg/mL GAEAC, and a robust antioxidant activity indicated by an IC50 value of 42.19. Conversely, the highest total flavonoid yield of the UAE method (8.45 mg/mL GAEAC) was achieved at 30 min, 40 °C, and 40 W. The extract from the UAE method demonstrated a better antioxidant capacity (7.51 mg/mL GAEAC) and antioxidant activity (IC50 value of 23.46) than that from the MAE technique
Co-Authors Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah Abdur Rohman Achri Isnan Khamil Adelina, Saltsabita Nourin Adinda Yufriza Adrian, Febri Adriansyah, Muhamad Afwal, Diza Raudhatul Aina Christalia Rinastiti Amal Bahariawan Amalia Ramadhan Andreyan Poerwo Negoro Anggraeni, Sella Violina Anggraini, Ranita Anggi Annisa, Yasmin Ari Susanti Ari Susanti Ari Susanti Ariel Seanhan Haezer Atiqa Rahmawati Atiqa Rahmawati Aziz, Mohamad Naufal Nizaar Azizi, Daffa Hafiziaulhaq Badril Azhar Bekti Palupi Bimo Bayu Aji Boy Arief Fachri Boy Fachri Devara, Arighy Zahirah Faiqy Dianita Ivana Permata Dini Rahmawaty Ditta Kharisma Yolanda Putri Elisah, Nor Fachri, Boy Fakhri Arkaan Humaidi Fandora, Ardan Jauza Faqih, Hana Farwah, Zilma Aliyah Felix Arie Setiawan Firmansyah, Alex Firsta Retnaningtyas Udroto Gregah Pangayoman Hartanto P Habib Ihza Mahendra Habibatul Inayah Harti Arini Helda Wika Amini Helda Wika Amini Herdianto, Dimas Nur Humaidi, Fakhri Arkaan Husna Wardati Indrayani, Lilin Intan Hardiatama Intan Permatasari Istiqomah Rahmawati Istiqomah Rahmawati Iswahyono Iswahyono Joseph Dwi Kurniawan Manno Kenji Sakai Kenji Sanomoto Lailatul Krisna Abdullah Lestari, Afrila Tutut Dwijati Maharani, Regita Gustiayu Pramisti Maktum Muharja Megasari, Tri Elok Setya Mizanurafi’ Ghifarhadi Prasiefa Mochamad Ghaza Al Ghifari Mohammad Nor Muhammad Ilham Muhammad Reza Muhammad Reza Muhammad Rizky Kurniawan Muharja, Maktum Naily Fatimatuz Zaroh Nanda Ayudiyah Andriani Nida Ayu Salsabila Nikita Meidi Nugroho, Yeremia Prasetya Nurani, Yukti Nurjannah, Lailia Nurtsulutsiyah Nurtsulutsiyah Nurtsulutsiyah Nurtsulutsiyah Nurtsulutsiyah, Nurtsulutsiyah Nurul Hidayati Pradipta, Shima Nuril Putri Agustin, Mawardhi Nabilla Rachman, Darryl Akeyla Rafif, M. Attar Rahman, Agus Rahmawati, Atiqa Ramadana, Ifan Raygita May Hastuti Regita Gustiayu Pramisti Maharani Rekfa Wika Amini Reswara Musyafa Retno Utami Agung Wiyono Reva Edra Nugraha Richa Febyola Surya Putri Rizalluddin, Muhammad Rizki Fitria Darmayanti Rizki Fitria Darmayanti Rizki Fitria Darmayanti Rohmah, Fira Ulvatur Sakai, Kenji Sanomoto, Kenji Santosa, Iliya Kartika Saputri, Ocha Sa’roni, Achmad Septianti, Kiki Shabrina, Nadhilah Shofiah , Laila Nur Sholeha, Irdatus Siska Nuri Fadilah Siti Djamila Sonya Hakim Raharjo Susilowati Susilowati Tarigan, Eigiya Nina Tashiro, Yukihiro Ulfiani, Khoirun Nisya' Viqhi Aswie Wardani, Salza Belila Kusuma Wardhani, Maharani Tri Wibowo, Jihan Nafila Wiwik Pratiwi Yakub Hendrikson Manurung Yohanes Yohanes Yukihiro Tashiro Yukti Nurani Zuhriah Mumtazah