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Riza Novierta Pesik
Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Vitamin D and Magnesium Combination Lowers High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein, Interleukin-12, Renin, and Carotid Vessel in Diabetic Rats Rahayu, Rachmi Fauziah; Zahrah, Fathimah Afifah; Anugrah, Tessa Septian; Yudhani, Ratih Dewi; Yueniwati, Yuyun; Irawan, Amelia Tjandra; Kusumaningrum, Sulistyani; Fauzi, Adam; Wasita, Brian; Wiyono, Nanang; Muthaminah, Muthaminah; Sholikah, Tri Agusti; Wardhani, Lusi Oka; Suyatmi, Suyatmi; Yarso, Kristanto Yuli; Pesik, Riza Novierta; Siswanto, Febby Gunawan
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 18, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v18i2.4061

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus induces oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction, accelerating atherosclerosis development marked by elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin-12 (IL-12). Diabetes often causes significant vascular changes, which can be represented by carotid tunica intima thickening and elevated renin level. Metformin, which remains as the standard therapy, has limited vascular effects. Vitamin D and magnesium exhibit vasoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties; however, their combined effects on diabetic vascular injury remain unclear. This study evaluated the effects of vitamin D and magnesium combination on serum hs-CRP, IL-12, renin, and carotid tunica intima thickness in diabetic rats.METHODS: Wistar rats were diabetic-induced by 45 mg/kg streptozotocin and 110 mg/kg nicotinamide. Following the induction, the rats were subsequently assigned to receive no treatment, metformin, or a combination of vitamin D and magnesium. Healthy rats were also included as control. Blood sample was collected after 21 days of treatment. Serum hs-CRP, IL-12, and renin were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while the carotid tunica intima thickness was assessed by Doppler ultrasound.RESULTS: Diabetic rats showed significant increases hs-CRP, IL-12, renin level, and intima thickness (p<0.001) compared to control. Both metformin and combination of Vitamin D and magnesium reduced these parameters, with combination of Vitamin D and magnesium showing the greatest improvement. Carotid intima thickness in the combination of Vitamin D and magnesium group was comparable to normal controls, indicating marked vascular protection.CONCLUSION: Vitamin D and magnesium combination provided superior glycemic, anti-inflammatory, and vascular protective effects compared to metformin alone. This adjunctive strategy might have potential in preventing vascular complications in diabetes.KEYWORDS: diabetes mellitus, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, hs-CRP, IL-12, atherosclerosis
Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Moringa (Moringa oleifera, Lam.) Leaf on Seminiferous Tubules of Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Model of Metabolic Syndrome Devitasari, Sade; Pesik, Riza Novierta; Subandono, Jarot; Setyawan, Novan Adi
Smart Medical Journal Vol 6, No 2 (2023): August
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/smj.v6i2.69345

Abstract

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome define as symptoms of body abnormalities that increased reactive oxygen species and cause disturbances of the germ cell layer thickness in seminiferous tubules. The content of Moringa oleifera has anti-diabetic, anti-dyslipidemia, and hypotensive effects. This study aimed to find out the effect of ethanolic extract of moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera, Lam.) on the histopathology of seminiferous tubules of Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) induced metabolic syndrome with Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide and high-fat diet.Methods: This research was experimental post-only control group design. The subjects were 30 male Rattus norvegicus grouped into normal group (K1), metabolic syndrome group (K2), and 3 metabolic syndrome groups with ethanolic extract of moringa leaf at doses of 150 mg/kg (K3), 250 mg/kg (K4) and 350 mg/kg   of body weight (K5).Results: Thickness of tubules (µm) of group K1 (107.48±10.74), K2 (53.87±25.09), K3 (80.52±3.50), K4 (81.94±9.40), K5 (94.04±8.66). Average number of cell layers of group K1 (8.00±1.09), K2 (3.65±1.35), K3 (5.99±0.36), K4 (6.57±0.36), K5 (6.72±0.20). There was a significant difference in tubule wall thickness and the number of cell layers between the five groups (p<0.05). The K3, K4, and K5 differed significantly from the K2 (p<0.05). K5 has value closest to K1. Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of moringa (Moringa oleifera, Lam.) leaf increased the wall thickness and number of cell layers of seminiferous tubules of Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) model of metabolic syndrome with ethanolic extract of moringa leaf at doses of 350 mg/kg of body weight most effectively improved the histopathological of the seminiferous tubules.
Effect of Moringa Leaves Ethanolic Extract (Moringa oleifera, Lam.) on Testicles Histopathological Structure in Metabolic Syndrome Rat Model Aji, Febriagi Bayu; Setyawan, Novan Adi; Hakim, Fikar Arsyad; Pesik, Riza Novierta
Smart Medical Journal Vol 6, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/smj.v6i1.69243

Abstract

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome was a collection of various disorders that can significantly increase the risk of experiencing insulin resistance, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, vascular complications, and diabetes mellitus. The detrimental effect of this condition has led to the development of various treatments options, such as Moringa leaves extract (Moringa oleifera), which was suspected to have ameliorative effects. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of Moringa leaves extract on the histopathological appearance of the testes of Wistar rats induced with metabolic syndrome.Methods: This was an experimental design study, with a post-test-only control group, involving 30 Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). Metabolic syndrome was induced in the samples through the administration of high-fat and fructose feeds along with streptozotocin and nicotinamide. Furthermore, the moringa leaves extract was administered to the treatment groups in different doses of 150, 250, and 350 mg/kg BW. Testicular histopathological damage scores were then assessed on each group. The Kruskal-Wallis test which followed by Mann-Whitney test was used to determine the significant differences between the groups, while the correlation was analyzed using Spearman test.Results: There were significant differences in the histopathological scores between the treatment and control groups. Furthermore, the Wistar rats treated with Moringa extract showed better histopathological scores (2.1±0.64) compared to those without the treatment (2.7±0.54), p<0.05. The results also showed that higher doses of the extract significantly correlated with better outcome in testicular histopathological structure of metabolic syndrome rat model (p=0.000, r=-0.396).Conclusion: Moringa leaves ethanolic extract treatment improved testicular histopathological appearance in Wistar rats induced with metabolic syndrome.
Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri) Biscuits Fortified with Moringa (Moringa oleifera, Lamk) Leaf Flour on decrease Inflammation in kidney of Obese Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Safitri, Nisrina Ulayya; Setyawan, Novan Adi; Pesik, Riza Novierta; Budiani, Dyah Ratna
Smart Medical Journal Vol 7, No 2 (2024): August
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/smj.v7i2.81652

Abstract

Introduction: The high incidence of obesity is due to the habit of eating snacks. The habit of eating snacks can be replaced with healthy snacks, one of which is porang biscuits fortified with moringa flour. This study was conducted to determine the effect of intake of porang biscuits fortified with moringa flour on glomerular area and interstitial inflammation of the kidneys of Wistar rats modeled obesity.Methods: Laboratory experimental research with randomized postest control group design. 30 Wistar male rats were divided into 5 groups. The negative control group (KN) was given standard feed, the positive control group (KP) was given high-fat high-fructose feed, the treatment groups (P1, P2, and P3) were given porang biscuits fortified with moringa flour with varying doses of moringa leaf powder 150, 250, and 350 mg/200grBB after induction. Glomerular area was measured with raster image. The results of glomerular area and interstitial inflammation score were analyzed by oneway ANOVA and post hoc Tukey HSD. Correlation of glomerular area and interstitial inflammation score with increasing dose were analyzed by Pearson.Results: There was no significant difference in glomerular area between all groups and no correlation between glomerular area and increasing dose of moringa powder. There were significant differences in interstitial inflammation scores between KN-KP, KN-P1, KN-P2, KN-P3, KP-P3, P1-P3 and P2-KP. The correlation between interstitial inflammation and increasing dose of moringa leaf powder was p=0.000 and r=-0.776Conclusion: There is a difference in the interstitial inflammation score of the kidneys of obese Wistar rats after intake of porang biscuits fortified with Moringa leaf powder at a dose of 350 mg/200 grBB while there is no difference in glomerular area. There is a strong negative correlation between increasing doses of moringa leaf powder and interstitial inflammation.
Peran Ekstrak Etanolik Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera, Lam.) Terhadap Peningkatan Ekspresi GLUT-2 Pankreas Tikus Wistar (Rattus Norvegicus) Jantan Model Sindrom Metabolik Terinduksi Nur Illahi, Fadhila; Setyawan, Novan Adi; Pesik, Riza Novierta; Suparyanti , Endang Listyaningsih
Plexus Medical Journal Vol. 2 No. 5 (2023): Oktober
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/plexus.v2i5.877

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Konsumsi tinggi lemak dan tinggi gula tanpa diimbangi dengan olahraga rutin mampu meningkatkan risiko sindrom metabolik yang mampu mendestruksi sel β pankreas yang mengakibatkan GLUT-2 berkurang jumlahnya. Antioksidan pada daun kelor mampu memperbaiki kerusakan tersebut. Penelitian ini terkait ekspresi GLUT-2 pankreas dengan pemberian daun kelor yang masih belum ditemukan. Sehingga, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan ekspresi GLUT-2 pankreas tikus Galur Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) jantan model sindrom metabolik dengan pemberian ekstrak etanolik. Metode: Penelitian eksperimental laboratorik. 30 ekor tikus wistar dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok: KKN merupakan kontrol normal; KK- merupakan kontrol negatif induksi sindrom metabolik saja ; KP1, KP2, KP3 induksi sindrom metabolik dan pemberian ekstrak etanolik daun kelor selama 28 hari dengan dosis secara berurutan sebesar 150 mg/KgBB, 250 mg/KgBB, dan 350 mg/KgBB. Induksi sindrom metabolik dilakukan dengan pakan tinggi lemak selama 28 hari dan induksi STZ-NA di hari ke-25. Ekspresi GLUT-2 diamati dan dihitung menggunakan rumus IDS dan uji One-Way ANOVA dilanjutkan uji post-hocTuckey HSD, serta uji regresi linier. Hasil: Uji One-Way ANOVA didapatkan perbedaan bermakna p=0,000 (p<0,05) pada tiap kelompok. Uji post-hoc Tuckey HSD didapatkan perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05) antar kelompok KKN dan KK- serta KK- dengan KP1, KP2, KP3. Uji regresi linier menunjukkan pengaruh dosis ekstrak etanolik daun kelor memiliki arah positif. Kesimpulan: Ekstrak etanolik daun kelor meningkatan ekpresi GLUT-2 jaringan pankreas tikus Wistar model sindrom metabolik.  
Co-Authors Adam Fauzi Aji, Febriagi Bayu Anugrah, Tessa Septian Brian Wasita Dentiko Wasis Aulia Devitasari, Sade Dono Indarto Dyah Ratna Budiani Hakim, Fikar Arsyad Irawan, Amelia Tjandra Jarot Subandono Kusumaningrum, Sulistyani Muthaminah, Muthaminah Nanang Wiyono Nasrullah, Adam Haviyan Novan Adi Setyawan Nur Illahi, Fadhila Rachmi Fauziah Rahayu Ratih Dewi Yudhani Safitri, Nisrina Ulayya Sholikah, Tri Agusti Sintin Khotijah Pribadi Siswanto, Febby Gunawan Suparyanti , Endang Listyaningsih Suyatmi Suyatmi Wardhani, Lusi Oka Wulandari, R. AJ. Sri Yarso, Kristanto Yuli Yuyun Yueniwati Zahrah, Fathimah Afifah