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All Journal JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL AND SYSTEM CONTROL ENGINEERING JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURES, MATERIALS AND ENERGY Jurnal Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur & Energi Jurnal Teknovasi : Jurnal Teknik dan Inovasi Mesin Otomotif, Komputer, Industri dan Elektronika JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin Automotive Experiences Sinergi Polmed : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Mesin IRA Jurnal Teknik Mesin dan Aplikasinya (IRAJTMA) IRA Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Informatika & Elektro (JITEK)
Muhammad Idris
Program Studi Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Medan Area
Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Other

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Activated Carbon as a Functional and Sustainable Filler in Composite Bipolar Plates For Fuel Cell Applications Iswandi; Suherman; Tino Hermanto; Yopan Rahmad Aldori; Muhammad Idris; Abu Bakar Sulong
Automotive Experiences Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.16009

Abstract

Bipolar plate is a key component that determines a fuel cell's performance and service life. Carbon-based polymer composite materials were developed as lightweight, easy-to-process alternatives to metal. The use of carbon-based fillers in polymer composites has grown rapidly as an alternative to bipolar plate materials in fuel cell applications, especially to meet performance targets set by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). DOE requires high electrical conductivity (≥100 S/cm in the in-plane direction and ≥10 S/cm in the through-plane direction), low density, adequate mechanical strength, and good corrosion resistance and chemical stability. Recent studies have shown that the addition of carbon fillers, such as graphite, carbon black, graphene, and activated carbon (AC), can increase electrical conductivity by forming conductive percolation networks in polymer matrices. This study evaluates the potential of AC from household waste in the form of coconut shells as fillers in polypropylene (PP) composites for bipolar plate applications. AC is synthesized through carbonization and activation processes, then mixed into a PP matrix with PP/AC compositions of 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, and 70/30 percent by weight. The focus of the study is the effect of composition variation on density and bending strength. The test results show that increasing the AC fraction tends to decrease the composite density. The maximum density was obtained at a 90/10 (by weight) PP/AC composition of 0.9 g/cm³, indicating more effective filling of the pore matrix by AC particles. On the other hand, bending strength shows a downward trend. The maximum flexural strength is achieved at an AC composition of 34.58 MPa at 10% weight, indicating optimal dispersion and stress transfer between the matrix and the filler. The addition of AC above the composition causes a decrease in bending strength due to potential particle agglomeration, cavities, and the limited mobility of polymer chains. Electrical conductivity tends to increase with the addition of AC due to the formation of a network of electrical currents between carbon particles within cavities, reaching a maximum of 5 S/cm at 30% by weight of AC. The electrical conductivity obtained showed better improvement than several research results on polymeric materials using the hot-press method, with a value of 1.7 S/cm, using graphite filler materials up to 60% by weight. These findings confirm that AC from coconut shells has the potential to serve as a sustainable filler for fuel cell bipolar plates, with an optimal composition that balances density and mechanical properties.
Intensifikasi Produksi Biodiesel dari Minyak Goreng Limbah melalui Teknologi Ultrasonik dengan Optimalisasi Response Surface Methodology Muhammad Idris; Jufrizal Jufrizal; Uun Novalia Harahap; Yopan Rahmad Aldori; Tino Hermanto
IRA Jurnal Teknik Mesin dan Aplikasinya (IRAJTMA) Vol 5 No 1 (2026): April
Publisher : CV. IRA PUBLISHING

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56862/irajtma.v5i1.301

Abstract

This study aims to optimize biodiesel production from waste cooking oil using ultrasonic technology combined with Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The investigated variables include the methanol-to-oil molar ratio (6–12), alkaline catalyst concentration (1–3 wt%), and ultrasonic reaction time (480–1440 s). Based on 17 experimental runs, a two-factor interaction (2FI) linear regression model was developed. ANOVA results indicate that all variables significantly affect biodiesel yield (p < 0.05), with catalyst concentration as the most influential factor. The model demonstrates high predictive accuracy (R² = 0.937; adjusted R² = 0.900; MAE = 2.24%; RMSE = 2.84%). Optimization results indicate optimal conditions at a methanol-to-oil ratio of 10.96, a catalyst concentration of 1.03 wt%, and a reaction time of 1414.79 s, yielding 96.84% FAME. Ultrasonic technology effectively enhances mixing and accelerates reactions via cavitation. This study provides practical operational guidance to improve the efficiency of sustainable biodiesel production and support carbon emission reduction.
Perancangan Oven Pengering Mie Berkapasitas 15 kg/jam untuk Mendukung Produktivitas PT. Star Umroh Food Muhammad Idris; Bobby Umroh; Uun Novalia Harahap; Iswandi Iswandi; Indra Hermawan; Mahliza Nasution; Darianto Darianto; Tino Hermanto; Yetti Meuthia Hasibuan
IRA Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (IRAJPKM) Vol 4 No 1 (2026): April
Publisher : CV. IRA PUBLISHING

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56862/irajpkm.v4i1.214

Abstract

Noodle drying at PT. Star Umroh Food still uses sunlight, so it depends on the weather, the temperature is not controlled, the productivity is low, and the level of product dryness is not uniform. This community service activity aims to design a gas-fueled dryer oven with a capacity of 15 kg/hour with forced convection. The methods are surveys, needs analysis, 2D and 3D design, specification analysis and evaluation. The results of the design of the oven with dimensions of 170 × 300 × 180 cm, a working temperature of 70 °C, and an estimated LPG consumption of 0.6 kg/hour. The prediction of increasing productivity and producing more uniform drying.
Analysis of Bending Strength of Composite Materials in Bipolar Plates for Fuel Cell Technology Husri Zarmawan; Iswandi Iswandi; Tino Hermanto; Darianto Darianto; Indra Hermawan; Muhammad Idris; Jufrizal Jufrizal; Yopan Rahmad Aldori
JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL AND SYSTEM CONTROL ENGINEERING Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): Journal of Electrical and System Control Engineering
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/jesce.v8i2.14227

Abstract

This study aims to this study was to examine the effect of polypropylene (PP) plastic and activated carbon (AC) composition in a plastic composite material. The composite material was mixed using an internal mixer at a processing temperature of 220°C and a speed of 50 rpm. The mixture was then molded with dimensions of 100 mm in length, 15 mm in width, and 2,5 mm in thickness. The sample molding was performed using a compression molding method with a pressure of 1500 MPa at 250°C and a holding time of 300 minutes. Subsequently, the samples were cut according to the bending test dimensions following ASTM D790-03 standards, with dimensions of 100 mm x 12.7 mm x 2.5 mm. The test results for the polypropylene-activated carbon composite in the first composition showed a maximum stress point of 36.95 MPa and an elastic modulus of 4.3096 MPa, while the second composition showed a maximum stress point of 34.58 MPa and an elastic modulus of 3.371 MPa. These findings indicate that increasing the activated carbon composition in polypropylene polymer results in a reduction in bending strength.
Manufacture of a Horizontal Double-Screw Mixer for Fermented Feed Production with a 100 kg Batch Capacity Andhika Ariyudha; Darianto Darianto; Tino Hermanto; Yopan Rahmad Aldori; Iswandi Iswandi; Indra Hermawan; Muhammad Idris; Jufrizal Jufrizal
JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL AND SYSTEM CONTROL ENGINEERING Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): Journal of Electrical and System Control Engineering
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/jesce.v8i2.14228

Abstract

In general, every livestock needs feed in the form of a mixture of livestock feed. The livestock feed fermentation process is currently phenomenal because it provides benefits that are felt by farmers. Maybe many people know the fermentation as a process of making supplement drinks only. It turns out not, the fermentation process can be used as an alternative to making high-quality livestock feed. In addition to being very simple to make, making feed by fermentation also saves time and money, because farmers are no longer busy with herding or grazing. This horizontal mixer machine has a capacity of 100 kg / Batch. In making this machine includes manufacturing processes such as: welding, grinding, drilling, bending, cutting torch or gas cutting, and non-permanent joints, namely nut and bolt joints. The components of the machine are: frame, tube, double screw, axle shaft, bossing, gear box, housing bearing, block bearing, pulley, v-belt, and electric motor. And then assembled and put together into a machine. From the above explanation, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1. Horizontal mixer machine with a tube diameter of 60 cm and a width of 90 cm, is capable of mixing 100 kg/batch of animal feed. 2. Horizontal mixer machine using a double screw produces a more homogeneous mixture compared to using the manual method.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Cangkang Telur Sebagai Katalis Biodiesel Dari Minyak Goreng Limbah Pada UMKM Roti Pakcik Tanjung Morawa Muhammad Idris; Indra Hermawan; Jufrizal Jufrizal; Yopan Rahmad Aldori; Supriatno Supriatno; Uun Novalia Harahap
IRA Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (IRAJPKM) Vol 3 No 3 (2025): Desember
Publisher : CV. IRA PUBLISHING

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56862/irajpkm.v3i3.258

Abstract

This Community Service Program focuses on managing micro-business-scale food production waste. The activity was carried out at Pakcik Tanjung Morawa Roti MSMEs in the Tanjung Morawa area. These MSMEs produce used eggshell waste and cooking oil every day. The waste has not been managed systematically and could pollute the surrounding environment. This program aims to increase partners' awareness of the value of organic waste. The program also introduces the concept of waste utilization as an alternative energy source.  The activity's approach is educational and informative through field visits. The methods used include observation, interviews, and two-way discussions. The team conveyed the potential of eggshells as a source of calcium oxide.  Calcium oxide serves as a biodiesel catalyst from waste cooking oil. Activities do not yet include technical training or process demonstrations. The activity results showed an increase in the partners' initial understanding. Partners show interest in sustainable waste management. This program results in a mapping of potential waste and partner needs. The output of the activity is documented in reports and follow-up plans. This program is the foundation for the next stage of technology assistance. A simple approach is assessed based on the partner's capacity. Activities support waste reduction and community-based environmental education. 
Pengaruh Variasi Bukaan Katup terhadap Kinerja Sistem pada Konfigurasi Pompa Seri dan Paralel David Jomantes Munthe; Jimy Lingga; Jufrizal Jufrizal; Muhammad Idris
IRA Jurnal Teknik Mesin dan Aplikasinya (IRAJTMA) Vol 4 No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : CV. IRA PUBLISHING

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56862/irajtma.v4i1.185

Abstract

Centrifugal pumps are widely used in industry and civil engineering to move fluids by increasing pressure efficiently. This study analyzes the effect of valve opening variations on series and parallel pump configurations simultaneously using a laboratory experiment method with two repetitions. The results show that parallel pump configurations are generally more efficient than series, especially at 50% and 25% valve openings. The maximum efficiency is achieved at 75% valve opening with a value of around 33% for both configurations. Valve opening settings and pump configuration selection are very important to improve the performance and efficiency of pressure piping systems. It is recommended for small industries to use parallel pump configurations with optimal valve opening operations of around 75% for energy efficiency and cost savings. Developing an automatic valve opening control system is also recommended to maximize efficiency, extend equipment life, and optimize fluid distribution.
Pemanfaatan Tungku Berbahan Bakar Oli Bekas untuk Peleburan Aluminium Daur Ulang dan Kajian Mikrostruktur serta Kekerasan Pasca Quenching Yopan Rahmad Aldori; Suprapto Suprapto; Muhammad Idris; Muhammad Angga Prayoga; Evan Roland Girsang
IRA Jurnal Teknik Mesin dan Aplikasinya (IRAJTMA) Vol 4 No 3 (2025): Desember
Publisher : CV. IRA PUBLISHING

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56862/irajtma.v4i3.313

Abstract

This study investigates the use of a Waste-Oil-Fueled Furnace (WOFF) as an alternative heat source in the melting process of recycled Al-3004 aluminum. The melting was carried out using the sand casting method at a pouring temperature of approximately 730 °C, while measurements indicated the furnace could reach ±900 °C, exceeding the melting point of Al-3004 (±660 °C). The cast specimens were subsequently quenched in three media: water, oil, and air. Microstructural observations revealed that the cooling rate significantly affected crack formation: water quenching produced the largest cracks, oil quenching produced medium-sized cracks, and air cooling produced the finest cracks. Micro Vickers hardness testing supported these findings, showing significant differences in hardness values across the quenching media. Overall, the study confirms that the waste-oil-fueled furnace is an effective alternative energy-based metal-melting technology, while the choice of cooling medium plays a crucial role in controlling the material's microstructural features and mechanical properties.
Optimasi Multi-Respon Massa Roller dan Sudut Pulley untuk Peningkatan Karakteristik Daya dan Torsi pada Sistem Transmisi CVT Sepeda Motor Otomatis Khairul Suhada; B Umroh; Butar-Butar Hafidz; Muhammad Idris; Iswandi Iswandi
Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur dan Energi Vol 9, No 2: JULI 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik UMSU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/rmme.v9i2.31731

Abstract

The performance of a continuously variable transmission (CVT) system on a small-capacity automatic motorcycle is highly dependent on two adjustable components: roller mass and pulley angle. However, most previous studies have relied on a one-factor-at-a-time approach, adjusting either roller mass or pulley angle separately, thus their combined and interactive effects on engine performance have not been well quantified. This study addresses this gap by simultaneously optimizing roller mass and pulley angle on a 109.5 cc SOHC eSP automatic motorcycle to optimize engine power and torque. A Custom Design-based Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied, and thirteen experimental runs were tested on a dynamometer, with roller masses ranging from 11.4–15.6 g and pulley angles from 12.8°–14.2°. A Two-Factor Interaction (2FI) model was developed and evaluated using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Both models are highly significant (p 0.0001), with pulley angle identified as the dominant factor and the interaction (A × B) between roller mass and pulley angle statistically significant for both responses. Numerical optimization based on the desirability function yields an optimal configuration at a roller mass of 11.4 g and a pulley angle of 13.597°, which delivers an engine power of 4.777 W and an engine torque of 7.29 N•m with a desirability of 0.522. This validated predictive model quantifies the roller–pulley interaction and provides practical engineering guidelines for tuning automatic motorcycle CVTs to balance power and torque. 
Co-Authors Abu Bakar Sulong Achmad Jusuf Zulfikar Ade Wahyu Nugroho Akhiruddin Akhiruddin Amirsyam Nasution amirsyam nasution AMRU SIREGAR Andhika Ariyudha Andri Herlambang Anggih Prasetyo Wibisono Arif, Zainal B Umroh Bobby Umroh Bongot Halomoan Simamora Burhanuddin Tarigan Butar-Butar Hafidz Chairul Fahmi, Muhamamad Darianto Darianto Darianto Darianto Darianto, Darianto David Jomantes Munthe Dedy Sofyanto Simanjuntak Denny Fachri Mariadi Derlini Din Aswan Amran Ritonga Eli Simanjuntak Erni Yusnita Etanto Heiliano Wijayanto Etanto Heiliano Wijayanto Evan Roland Girsang Felix Darwin Jaya Waruwu Felix Sigalingging Fider Lumbanbatu Friska Heriyanti Hamdani Hamdani Haniza Harahap, Uun Novalia Hasibuan, Yetti Meuthia Husri Zarmawan Hussein, Muhammad Ibrahim, Husin Imam Azhari Indra Hermawan INDRA HERMAWAN Indra Hermawan Indra Hermawan Iswandi Iswandi Iswandi Iswandi Iswandi Jimy Lingga Joko Joko Jufrizal Jufrizal JUNAIDI Khairul Suhada M. Dalil M. Yusuf R Siahaan M.Y. Yuhazri Mahliza Nasution Mhd. Dimas Kurniawan Muhammad Abdul Rasyid Muhammad Angga Prayoga Muhammad Irwanto Muhammad Yusuf Rahmansyah Siahaan Orlando, Corlenius Try Poppy Aprilya Sitorus Pratiwi Putri Lestari Putri Rizky Rahmatullah . Randa Pratama Rani Saragi Recsi Febian Adiansyah Rihat Sebayang Sandi Saputra Sembiring, Kiki Syahbana Siswo Pranoto Siswo Pranoto Sitinjak, Sapriadi Suherman Sukmawati Suprapto Suprapto Supriadi Supriatno, Supriatno Syafruddin Ritonga Syurkarni Ali Tino Hermanto Tony Siagian Uun Novalia Harahap Wan Rizca Amelia Weriono Yakob Iskandar Yetti Meuthia Hasibuan Yopan Rahmad Aldori Zakir Husin Zakir Husin