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Journal : Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering

Zn-Mo/HZSM-5 Catalyst for Gasoil Range Hydrocarbon Production by Catalytic Hydrocracking of Ceiba pentandra oil Yustia Wulandari Mirzayanti; Firman Kurniawansyah; Danawati Hari Prayitno; Achmad Roesyadi
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2018: BCREC Volume 13 Issue 1 Year 2018 (April 2018)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (474.699 KB) | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.13.1.1508.136-143

Abstract

Biofuel from vegetable oil becomes one of the most suitable and logical alternatives to replace fossil fuel. The research focused on various metal ratio Zinc/Molybdenum/HZSM-5 (Zn-Mo/HZSM-5) catalyst to produce liquid hydrocarbon via catalytic hydrocracking of Ceiba penandra oil. The catalytic hydrocracking process has been applied in this study to crack Ceiba pentandra oil into a gasoil range hydrocarbon using Zn-Mo/HZSM-5 as a catalyst. The effect of various reaction temperature on the catalytic hydrocracking of Ceiba pentandra oil were studied. The Zn-Mo/HZSM-5 catalyst with metal ratio was prepared by incipient wetness impregnation method. This process used slurry pressure batch reactor with a mechanical stirrer. A series of experiments were carried out in the temperature range from 300-400 oC for 2 h at pressure between 10-15 bar. The conversion and selectivity were estimated. The liquid hydrocarbon product were identified to gasoline, kerosene, and gas oil. The results show that the use of Zn-Mo/HZSM-5 can produce gas oil as the most component in the product. Overall, the highest conversion and selectivity of gas oil range hydrocarbon was obtained when the ZnMo/HZSM-5 metal ratio was Zn(2.86 wt.%)-Mo(5.32 wt.%)/HZSM-5 and the name is Zn-Mo/HZSM-5_102. The highest conversion was obtained at 63.31 % and n-paraffin (gas oil range) selectivity was obtained at 90.75 % at a temperature of 400 oC. Ceiba pentandra oil can be recommended as the source of inedible vegetable oil to produce gasoil as an environmentally friendly transportation fuel. 
Triglycerides Hydrocracking Reaction of Nyamplung Oil with Non-sulfided CoMo/γ-Al2O3 Catalysts Rismawati Rasyid; Rahmaniah Malik; Heri Septya Kusuma; Achmad Roesyadi; Mahfud Mahfud
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2018: BCREC Volume 13 Issue 2 Year 2018 (August 2018)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.13.2.734.196-203

Abstract

The purpose of this research are to study the temperature influence in hydrocracking process of the nyamplung oil (Calophyllum inophyllum) using a non-sulfided CoMo/γ-Al2O3 catalyst and to develop a simple kinetic model in interpreting the data of hydrocracking products. The experiment was carried out in a pressurized batch reactor operated pressure up 30 bar. The CoMo catalyst supported with γ-Al2O3 was prepared through impregnation method without sulfidation process. The operating temperature varied from 200 to 350 oC. The results show that the non-sulfided CoMo/γ-Al2O3 catalysts, nyamplung oil triglycerides can converted into gasoil and gasoline-like hydrocarbons. The triglyceride hydrocracking reaction of nyamplung oil followed a several stages, i.e., hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, and cracking. Based on the compounds contained in liquid product, hydrocracking reaction was dominated by decarboxylation. The products obtained in hydrocracking process of nyamplung oil are classified to gasoil (C11-C18) and gasoline (C5-C10).  The triglycerides hydrocracking reaction of nyamplung oil was assumed by following a series reaction mechanism and a simple kinetic model used for determined the kinetics constants. The highest reaction conversion is 99.10% obtained at temperature of 350 °C for 160 minutes reaction time. 
Hydrotalcite Catalyst for Hydrocracking Calophyllum inophyllum Oil to Biofuel: A Comparative Study with and without Nickel Impregnation Hafshah Hafshah; Danawati Hari Prajitno; Achmad Roesyadi
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2017: BCREC Volume 12 Issue 2 Year 2017 (August 2017)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (101.375 KB) | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.12.2.776.273-280

Abstract

This research aims to study the effect of nickel impregnation into hydrotalcite catalyst that use to convert Calophyllum inophyllum oil into biofuel through hydrocracking process. Hydrocracking process was carried out under mild condition (350 °C and 20 bar) for two hours in a slurry batch reactor. The adding nickel affected the reaction conversion, yield, and selectivity of gasoil. The process of oxygen removal from the compounds in the oil was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and the compositions of the products were determined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results of the study successfully proved that nickel impregnated into hydrotalcite catalyst increased the conversion, yield, and selectivity of gasoil up to 98.57 %, 54.15 %, and 81.31 %, respectively. 
Bio-kerosene and Bio-gasoil from Coconut Oils via Hydrocracking Process over Ni-Fe/HZSM-5 Catalyst Muhammad Al-Muttaqii; Firman Kurniawansyah; Danawati Hari Prajitno; Achmad Roesyadi
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 2 Year 2019 (August 2019)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (931.372 KB) | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.2.2669.309-319

Abstract

In this study, hydrocracking of coconut oil over Ni-Fe/HZSM-5 catalyst was carried out in a batch reactor under different reaction temperature. Coconut oil is proposed as one of the potential feedstock for biofuel production. The Ni-Fe/HZSM-5 catalyst was prepared by incipient wetness impregnation method. The characterization of Ni-Fe/HZSM-5 catalyst by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDAX), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). The chemical composition of biofuel was analyzed by Gas-Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results from the GC-MS analysis showed that the hydrocracking reaction over 10 % (Ni-Fe)/HZSM-5 catalyst at temperature of 375 oC obtained the highest hydrocarbon content (contained 49.4% n-paraffin, 26.93 % isoparaffin, 3.58 % olefin) and the highest yield of bio-gasoil 38.6 % in the biofuel liquid hydrocarbon. Pentadecane (n-C15) and heptadecane (n-C17) were the most abundant hydrocarbon compounds in biofuel liquid hydrocarbon. Decarboxylation and/or decarbonylation was the dominant reaction pathways in this process. Based on the result, the reaction temperature had a significant effect on the distribution of biofuel composition and yield of biofuel from coconut oil.
Hydrocracking of Cerbera manghas Oil with Co-Ni/HZSM-5 as Double Promoted Catalyst Lenny Marlinda; Muhammad Al-Muttaqii; Ignatius Gunardi; Achmad Roesyadi; Danawati Hari Prajitno
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2017: BCREC Volume 12 Issue 2 Year 2017 (August 2017)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (641.609 KB) | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.12.2.496.167-184

Abstract

The effect of various reaction temperature on the hydrocracking of Cerbera manghas oil to produce a paraffin-rich mixture of hydrocarbons with Co-Ni/HZSM-5 as doubled promoted catalyst were studied. The Co-Ni/HZSM-5 catalyst with various metal loading and metal ratio was prepared by incipient wetness impregnation. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, AAS, and N2 adsorption-desorption. Surface area, pore diameter, and pore volume of catalysts decreased with the increasing of metals loading. The hydrocracking process was conducted under hydrogen initial pressure in batch reactor equipped with a mechanical stirrer. The reaction was carried out at a temperature of 300-375 oC for 2 h.  Depending on the experimental condition, the reaction pressure changed between 10 bar and 15 bar.   Several parameters were used to evaluate biofuel produced, including oxygen removal, hydrocarbon composition and gasoline/kerosene/diesel yields. Biofuel was analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic (FTIR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The composition of hydrocarbon compounds in liquid products was similar to the compounds in the gasoil sold in unit of Pertamina Gas Stations, namely pentadecane, hexadecane, heptadecane, octadecane, and nonadecane with different amounts for each biofuel produced at different reaction temperatures. However, isoparaffin compounds were not formed at all operating conditions. Pentadecane (n-C15) and heptadecane (n-C17) were the most abundant composition in gasoil when Co-Ni/HZSM-5 catalyst was used. Cerbera Manghas oil can be recommended as the source of non-edible vegetable oil to produce gasoil as an environmentally friendly transportation fuel. 
Hydrocracking of Non-edible Vegetable Oils with Co-Ni/HZSM-5 Catalyst to Gasoil Containing Aromatics Danawati Hari Prajitno; Achmad Roesyadi; Muhammad Al-Muttaqii; Lenny Marlinda
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2017: BCREC Volume 12 Issue 3 Year 2017 (December 2017)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (134.117 KB) | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.12.3.799.318-328

Abstract

Biofuel has been considered as one of the environmentally friendly energy sources to substitute fossil fuel derived from non-edible vegetable oil. This research aims to investigate the effect of the non-edible vegetable oil composition on a specific hydrocarbons distribution contained in biofuel and the aromatics formation through hydrocracking reaction with the Co-Ni/HZSM-5 catalyst. The formation of aromatics from non-edible vegetable oils, such as: Cerbera manghas, rubber seed, and sunan candlenut oils, containing saturated, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids is presented. The hydrocracking reaction was carried out in a pressure batch reactor, a reaction temperature of 350 oC for 2 h, reactor pressure of 15 bar after flowing H2 for 1 hour, and a catalyst/oil ratio of 1 g/200 mL. Liquid hydrocarbon product was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Based on the GC-MS analysis, hydrocracking on three different oils indicated that polyunsaturated fatty acids were required to produce relatively high aromatics content. The sunan candlenut oil can be converted to gasoil range hydrocarbons containing a small amount of aromatic through hydrocracking reaction. Meanwhile, the aromatics in liquid product from hydrocracking of Cerbera manghas and rubber seed oils were not found. 
Co-Authors . Widayat A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Abdul Aziz Adrianto Prihartantyo Agus Budianto Aini, Afrida Nur Aini, Apsari Puspita Airlangga, Bramantyo Al-Muttaqii, Muhammad Ali Altway Anindita Pramesti Putri Nugroho Aparamarta, Hakun Wirawasista Arief Budiman Aushaf, Faishal Danawati Hari Prajitno Darmawan, Raden Delfimelinda Nurul Riyadi Desty Rusdiana Sari Devi, Fatma Putrinta Devita Dian.L Dini Fathmawati Dwi Fitriyanto Fatma Putrinta Devi Fika Anjana Fika Anjana Firman Kurniawansyah Firman Kurniawansyah H Hadiyanto H M Rachimoellah H Satriadi Hafshah Hafshah Hafshah Hafshah Hari Prajitno, Danawati Himawan TBM Petrus Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Petrus Ignatius Gunardi Izza Aliyatul Muna, Izza Aliyatul Jimmy Jimmy Kurniawansyah, Firman Kurniawansyah, Firman Kusno Budhikarjono Kusno Budikarjono Kusno Budikarjono Kusno Budikarjono Kusno Budikarjono Kusuma, Heri Septya Lailatul Qadariyah Lenny Marlinda M. Renardo Prathama Abidin Mahfud Mahfud Mahfud Mahfud Mahfud Mahfud Mahfud Mahfud Marbun, Maja Pranata Mitsuru Sasaki Motonobu Goto Motonobu Goto Muhammad Al Muttaqii Muhammad Al Muttaqii Muhammad Al-Muttaqii Muhammad Al-Muttaqii Muhammad Al-Muttaqii Muhammad Al-Muttaqii Muhammad Rachimoellah Niar Kurnia Julianti Nurjannah Nurjannah Nurjannah Nurjannah Nurkhamidah, Siti Nyoman Puspa Asri Oktarinda Damayanti Pamungkas, Gagas Rachmaniah, Orchidea Rahmaniah Malik Rahmaniah Malik Rahmi Ratna Ediati Renanto Handogo Ricco Aditya S. W Rismawati Rasyid Riyadi, Delfimelinda Nurul Riza Alviany S. Suprapto Santi Dyah Savitri Semuel Pati Senda Semuel Pati Senda Silvy Eka Andansari Siti Machmudah Siti Machmudah Siti Machmudah Siti Machmudah Siti Zullaikah Sri Rachmania Juliastuti, Sri Rachmania Sumarno . Suprapto Suprapto Tantri Kusuma Wardani Tantular Nurtono W. Wahyudiono Wahono Sumaryono Wahyudiono Wahyudiono Widi Astuti Widi Astuti Widiyastuti Widya Rosa Oktaviani Winardi, Sugeng Yazid Bindar Yazid Bindar Yeni Rahmawati, Yeni Yuanita Gustanti Yustia Wulandari Mirzayanti Zulnazri, Z