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All Journal International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) SAINS MEDIKA : JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DAN KESEHATAN Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran REiD (Research and Evaluation in Education) Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran Duta Wacana Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan MAGNA MEDICA: Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education Journal of Community Empowerment for Health Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat

Gandes Retno Rahayu

Department Of Medical Education And Bioethics Faculty Of Medicine, Public Health And Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Author-ID : 3662702

Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Social Sciences

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Intergrating Problem-Based Learning and Team-Based Learning (PITBL) in Nursing Students: A Pilot study Yossi Indra Kusuma; Gandes Retno Rahayu; Savitri Shitarukmi
Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education Vol 6, No 3 (2017): NOVEMBER
Publisher : Asosiasi Institusi Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia

Background: Change seems to be a constant in education. The shifting paradigm from teacher-centered to student-centered impact on demands of medical and health professions education institution to undertake curricullum reform. The development of PBL requires the provision of resources needed for its implementation. The emergence of newly developed method, TBL, garnered interest because of its potential to promote active learning without requiring large numbers of resources. The integration of these two methods can complement each deficiencies with their advantages, so it can optimize student learning. This study is aimed to determine the impact of the integration of PBL and TBL (PiTBL) on student engagement and to evaluate the perceptions of students in terms of accountability, preferences and their satisfaction with this method.Method: This study was a pre-experimental with one group pre and post test design. Subjects consisted of 103 nursing students who enrolled Fluid, Electrolyte an Elimination course. The collection of data before and after the intervention were held to determine the difference in student engagement, using “Classroom Engagement Survey” instrument from Baylor University. Students perceptions in terms of accountability, preference and satisfaction were measured with PiTBL-Student Assessment Instrument (PiTBL-SAI).Results: PiTBL had a positive impact on student engagement, but its results were lower then PBL. The difference was not significant for participation sub-scale, and significant in several weeks of course for enjoyment sub-scale and total value of student engagement. Students perceptions in terms of accountability, preference and their satisfaction with PiTBL all showed positive results.Conclusions: PiTBL had a positive impact on student engagement, although lower than PBL. Students perceptions in terms of their accountability, preference and satisfatction with this method is also positive. We concluded that this method can be used as an alternative in implementing an effective and eficient active learning method.

Rubrik Nursing Clinical Exercise: Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Kompetensi Klinis Pada Pendidikan Klinik Keperawatan Retno Sumiyarrini; Gandes Retno Rahayu; Yoyo Suhoyo
Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education Vol 6, No 3 (2017): NOVEMBER
Publisher : Asosiasi Institusi Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia

Background: Clinical Skills is a fundamental ability that must be mastered by the newly graduated nurses. Therefore, assessment of clinical competence is essential to be considered by educators and education managers. It needs a valid assessment instrument, which is reliable and impactful on learning the process by giving a structured feedback so that qualified graduates can be produced. Some assessment instruments in the clinical nursing education have less evidence of validity and reliability and less feasible, so it requires a development of clinical assessment instruments. This study aims to develop a clinical assessment instrument in the nursing clinic and to test the content validity. Method: This study used a qualitative research design that includes drafting through literature review and expert review by the expert panel.Results: The process of drafting and reviewing produces a rubric named Nursing Clinical Exercise (NCEx) made of six domains consisting the assessment of subjective data, physical examination, diagnosis formulation, treatment planning formulation, communication and interpersonal relationships, and professionalism. The value of content validity is good (CVR of the entire domain = 1)Conclusion: The NCEx Rubric consists of six domains and has good content validity.

Identification of Anatomy Contents for Medical Students Using DELPHI Technique Siti Munawaroh; Gandes Retno Rahayu; Efrayim Suryadi
Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education Vol 6, No 2 (2017): JULI
Publisher : Asosiasi Institusi Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia

Background: Anatomy is one of basic science in medicine. As doctors are obligated to assure their service is safe and efficient, they need to master anatomy science to support their work on comprehend the patient condition. In another condition, there is a shifting on medical curricula that impacted on decrease of anatomy instructional hours. This condition result in lower of anatomy academic achievement among medical students. The third of ten question Harden in curriculum development, that is what content should be included? need to be resolved so that the limited time available can be utilized as well as possible. This study aims to achieve national scope consensus among anatomical expert about anatomical material course that must be delivered to medical students.Method: This study was design in qualitative approach with specified method of two round Delphi Technique. Using purposive sampling method, the subject of study involved was 20 experts of anatomical science in Indonesia. The questionnaire as instrument in this study arranged based on anatomy text book. The first Delphi purpose to select the anatomical course material and additional course material. The second Delphi round intent to provide level range from 1-4. The consensus level established by the researcher at 80% point.Results: The first Delphi round result in 760 anatomy topics consist of 636 original material arranged by researcher and 124 additional material added by the Delphi panel. Additional materials are osteomyology and sesnsory system. The second Delphi round agree 64% material of first Delphi round (489).Conclusion: Indonesian anatomical experts agree in which not all of anatomy material need to be learned by medical student. Their consensus is about 64% of all the material that must be learned.

Identifying Dostors' Problems In Breaking Bad News: An Initial Step In Developing Recommendations For The Curriculum Miko Ferine; Gandes Retno Rahayu; Mora Claramita
Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education Vol 6, No 2 (2017): JULI
Publisher : Asosiasi Institusi Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia

Background: The skill of breaking bad news is listed in the 2012 Indonesia’s Doctor Competency Standards so that this becomes one of the skills that must be mastered by all doctors in Indonesia. The curriculum of breaking bad news is much developed in western cultural background. The curriculum may not necessarily be well developed in Indonesia because the communication process is strongly influenced by culture. Therefore, the exploration of the problems faced by the practitioner in delivering bad news in the context of local cultural needs to be done as a first step to develop the right educational curriculum and training.Objective: This study aimed to identify problems of the practicing doctors in delivering bad news to patients or their families in the context of local culture (Banyumas).Methods: This study was a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. The method used was in-depth interviews to the practicing doctors with experience in delivering bad news selected from various educational backgrounds, sex, and age.Results: This study indicated that the doctors had difficulty in breaking bad news. It was known from the attitude of the doctors who tended to avoid by giving the task to others, to cover the actual condition of the patient or just delivering the bad news to the family. The causes identified were the lack of knowledge and skills, the lack of ability to control emotions, the lack of confidence, the anxiety on the patient’s response, the knowledge gap between doctors and patients, and the limitations of space and time.Conclusion: The main problem of the practicing doctors in delivering bad news was the lack of knowledge and skills. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a training curriculum on breaking bad news adequately for basic and advanced medical education.

MEDICAL STUDENTS’ REFLECTION ON CHEATING, ALTRUISM AND PLAGIARISM: A QUALITATIVE STUDY Wiwik Kusumawati; Titi Savitri Prihatiningsih; Gandes Retno Rahayu; Soenarto Sastrowijoto
Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education Vol 7, No 1 (2018): MARET
Publisher : Asosiasi Institusi Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia

Background: Derogation of professional behavior (PB) increased in education, even in medical education revealed cheating during in educational process as best predictor when the students at work placed in the future. The aim of this study is to know the students’ perspective on cheating, altruism and plagiarism.Method: This study was conducted using a qualitative approach. Sampling technique was purposeful sampling with criterion reference. Fifty-two year-one students of medical school of faculty of medicine and health sciences (FMHS) divided into 5 groups, each group consists of 10 to 11 students. The students received teaching learning of PB (three times tutorial with trigger film, reflection and expert panel). Qualitative data from students’ reflection analized using constant comparative method. Results: The results of this study indicated the presence of 6 final themes (i.e., learning value, learning approach, student preparedness, examination strategy, learning spiritual, study plan. Students who had the ability to understand various learning events would have a good study plan, and then could choose appropriate examination strategy to reach success and could avoid blamable event such as cheating. The students who had good learning spiritual and learning value to dilemmatic event, they would be motivated and their heart would be touched, so in their future plan they would try to be altruistic and professional doctor in all situation. There would be influence on positive study plan, make more effort and pried to God, also respect others work, so plagiarism could be avoided.Conclusion: There were 6 final themes of students’ reflection on cheating, altruism and plagiarism after they exposure by teaching learning of PB. They were learning value, learning approach, student preparedness, examination strategy, learning spiritual and study plan.

THE EFFECT OF CONTECT, INPUT AND PROCESS IN ACHIEVING INTERPROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION AND TEAMWORK COMPETENCES Nurul Fauziah; Mora Claramita; Gandes Retno Rahayu
Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education Vol 7, No 1 (2018): MARET
Publisher : Asosiasi Institusi Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia

Background: Interprofessional Education (IPE) is a process occurs when students from two or more professions learn about and from each other to enable effective collaboration and improve health outcomes. Faculty initiated the IPE program called Community and Family Health Care - interprofessional Education (CFHC-IPE) that began in 2013 with the aim to build the capacity of community, family medicine and interprofesional. This study aims to evaluate the effect of context, input and process towards the achievement of interprofessional competences.Method: This study was a qualitative research design using a case study evaluation Context-Input-Process-Product (CIPP). Respondents of this study are five-IPE CFHC managers, three heads of study program, 10 lecturers and 35 students from PSPD, PSIK and PSGK. Data collected through FGD, in-depth interviews and document analysis. FGD and in-depth interviews conducted using an interview guide while document analysis carried out on the grand design CFHC-IPE. Results: Context evaluation shows that the needs assessment has not been carried out. Input evaluation shows that the preparation of the grand design CFHC-IPE is not align and debriefing facilitators need to be added. There were gaps in the implementation of learning activities and assessment and program monitoring was inadequate. IPE competencies in the first year on the student of 2014 were not achieved. Conclusion: Inter-professional communication and teamwork competence on student of class 2014 at CFHC-IPE program in the first year was not achieved and influenced by the weaknesses in the content, inputs and processes aspects.

STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION ABOUT CLINICAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENT IN THE PRIMARY, SECONDARY AND TERTIARY MEDICAL FACILITIES Dian Puspita Dewi; Gandes Retno Rahayu; Tri Nur Kristina
Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education Vol 7, No 1 (2018): MARET
Publisher : Asosiasi Institusi Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia

Background: Learning environment is an important factor in learning process and can affect students' competence and work-readiness. Learning environment is not only about physical facilities but also social and psychological condition. The complexity of clinical learning environments pose challenges and problems that may affect students learning process so it is necessary to monitoring and evaluating students learning environments. This study aims to assess students' perception of their learning environment and the effect of primary, secondary and tertiary health care services utilization as clinical learning environments.Method: This study was conducted with a cross sectional study design. The subjects were 36 students of obstetrics and gynecology department. Data obtained from learning environment questionnaires in tertiary, secondary and primary health care services. A non-parametric test was applied to compared learning environment score in each health care level.Results: Students perception of their learning environment between tertiary and secondary as well as tertiary and primary health care services were significantly different. Students stated advantages and disadvantages of each learning environment that can affect their competence level. Conclusion: Students have a good perception of the their learning environment. There was significant difference between tertiary and two other health care services.

CRITICAL REFLECTION AND FEEDBACK FOR MEDICAL STUDENTS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY Imelda Ritunga; Gandes Retno Rahayu; Yoyo Suhoyo
Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education Vol 7, No 1 (2018): MARET
Publisher : Asosiasi Institusi Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia

Background: The physician who reflects critically will interpret the experience, aware of its limitations, and will become life long learner. When implementing reflection learning in medical education, it is necessary to assess the ability of learners to help improve the ability of reflection. The objective of the research is to know the students 'reflection ability by giving feedback and different of reflection ability between intervention group and control group.Method: Research using pre and post control group design. The subjects of the study were 62 students medical students of Faculty of Medicine UGM year II who had collected narrative reflection to Gamel (n = 176 students) and willing to participate, divided into 2 groups with simple random sampling. Intervention of treatment group are giving feedback based on the result of narrative reflection from Gamel followed by narrative reflection assignment. The subjects' narrative reflection was assessed using the REFLECT rubric, and analyzed by Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests.Results: The results showed that students' pre and post test reflection ability is in the reflection stage. Giving feedback once does not increase the ability from reflection stage to the critical reflection stage. This result may be due to several things: critical reflection does not occur without significant / dramatic experience that shifts perspective resulting in transformative learning, feedback is given regularly, lack of trustworhty to instructors who are not university lecturers. Another result of a decrease in the ability of reflection in general after 6 months indicates the need to do reflection activity / assignment in each semester to maintain and improve the ability of reflection. Conclusion: Increased reflection ability from reflection stage to critical reflection stage does not occur with single feedback. If reflection is not done regularly, it can cause a decrease in reflection ability.

LEARNING PROFESSIONALISM: MEDICAL STUDENTS’ PERSPECTIVE ON IDENTIFYING CLINICAL STAFFS’ BEHAVIOUR Fithriyah C. Ummah; Gandes Retno Rahayu; Yayi Suryo Prabandari
Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education Vol 7, No 2 (2018): JULI
Publisher : Asosiasi Institusi Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia

Background: Role modeling is known as one of the most effective methods in learning professionalism, especially in the workplace. Each role model shows a different substantial values of professionalism, therefore the 'positive' or 'negative' role model criterion are difficult to set. This study aims to understand how students identify 'professional behavior’ (positive role model) and ‘unprofessional behavior’ (negative role model).Method: The design was a qualitative with case study approach. The sample was 20 students of undergraduate medical school at one university in Indonesia, selected by purposive sampling using maximum variation strategy. Gender, GPA, origin, and clinical rotation are used as key dimensions. Data collection used two methods, written narrative and focus group discussion. While the steps of qualitative analysis refers to Miles and Huberman.Results: This study found four themes as ‘behavioral identification’, namely: 'self-principle', 'self-standard of professionalism', 'normative standard of professionalism' and 'subjectivity'.Conclusion: Differences in identification are a reflection of students’ cognitive maturity. The outcome of learning professionalism can be improved from ‘valuing’ to ‘organizing’ and ‘internalizing’ through role model exposure and facilitation that provides the opportunity to explore and to reflect on professional values, before the student chooses them independently. This is part of the development of internal belief systems that are closely related on how students build their professional identity.

DEVELOPING A MODEL OF PROFESSIONAL IDENTITY IN MEDICAL STUDENTS: THE ROLE OF MOTIVATION AND PARTICIPATION Yoga Pamungkas Susani; Gandes Retno Rahayu; Rossi Sanusi; Yayi Suryo Prabandari; Harsono Mardiwiyoto
Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education Vol 7, No 3 (2018): November 2018
Publisher : Asosiasi Institusi Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia

Background: It is very important to develop professional identity among medical students, as it will affect how they work in the future. Factors affecting professional identity in medical education context need to be explored. This study aimed to develop a model of professional identity in medical students which examine the role of motivation, self-efficacy, personal reflection, social interaction, curriculum in action perceived by students and participation in determining professional identity. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among medical students in Mataram University. A total of 303 pre-clinical (year 1 to 4) and clinical students (year 5 to 6) filled out the questionnaires. Partial least square - structural equation model analysis was performed.Results: The modification model had a good model fit (GoF 0.404). The average path coefficient was 0.303 (p<0.001) and the adjusted average R square was 0.321 (p<0.001). Forty percent of variance in professional identity could be explained by motivation (β=0.51, p<0.001, f2=0.281) and participation (β=0.32, p<0.001, f2=0.118).Conclusions: Motivation and participation of medical students may influence the professional identity. Based on the model, within the medical education processes, academic motivation of students should be maintained and fostered and participation should be supported.

Co-Authors Abu Bakar Aminuddin Aminuddin Amir Syafruddin Arta Farmawati Asmara, Aditya Hari Banu Aji Dibyasakti Bernadetta Esti Chrismawaty Bulan Kakanita Hermasari Dessy Christine Hosianna Detty Iryani Dian Apriliana Rahmawatie Dian Puspita Dewi Dianing Pratiwi Dimas Septian Eko Wahyu Sumunar Doni Widyandana Efrayim Suryadi Efrayim Suryadi Efrayim Suryadi Efrayim Suryadi Efrayim Suryadi Eti Nurwening Sholikhah Fithriyah C. Ummah Fitriana Fitriana Fitriana Fitriana Fuad Khadafianto Fundhy Sinar Ikrar Prihatanto, Fundhy Sinar Ikrar Haidar Zain Halimah Thania Nasution Harsono Harsono Harsono Mardiwiyoto Harsono Mardiwiyoto Harsono Mardiwiyoto Hasan Nyambe Hemma Yulfi I Dewa Agung Gde Fanji Pradiptha Ibrahim, Juliani Ida Ayu Triastuti Iis Inayati Ika Dewi Ana Imelda Ritunga Indah Dwi Setyaningrum Irwin Aras James Degnan Laily Rokhmawati Lastdes Cristiany Friday Sihombing Lukas Daniel Leatemia Made Bayu Permasutha Made Kurnia Widiastuti Giri Malik, Ummu Kalzum Malik, Ummu Kalzum Maria Magdalena Purba, Maria Magdalena Marindra Firmansyah Martinus Martinus Mega Pandu Arfiyanti Michael Andreas Leman Michael Andreas Leman Miko Ferine Mora Claramita Murti Mandawati Musharyanti, Lisa Nandyan Nurlaksana Wilastonegoro Nandyan Sulaksana Nugraha Nindya Aryanty Nurul Fauziah Ova Emilia Pratomo, Fransiskus Aryo Prattama Santoso Utomo Rachmadya Nur Hidayah Rahmi Surayya Retno Sumiyarrini Rilani Riskiyana Romadhoni romadhoni Rossi Sanusi Rossi Sanusi Rossi Sanusi Savitri Shitarukmi Siti Munawaroh Soenarto Sastrowijoto Sylvia Mustika Sari Tezar Samekto Darungan Titi Savitri Prihatiningsih Tri Nur Kristina Tridjoko Hadianto, Tridjoko Triyani Triyani Tutik Kusdaryanti Umatul Khoiriyah Vita Yanti Anggreni Widyandana Widyandana Widyandana Widyandana Wiwik Kusumawati Yayi Suryo Prabandari Yayi Suryo Prabandari Yayi Suryo Prabandari Yayi Suryo Prabandari Yayi Suryo Prabandari Yayi Suryo Prabandari Yayi Suryo Prabandari Yeny Dyah Cahyaningrum Yoga Pamungkas Susani Yoga Pamungkas Susani Yossi Indra Kusuma Yoyo Suhoyo Yuliana Yuliana

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