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All Journal Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan JURNAL GIZI INDONESIA JURNAL SISTEM INFORMASI BISNIS Journal of Nutrition College Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research agriTECH Jurnal Media Gizi Indonesia (MGI) Nutri-Sains: Jurnal Gizi, Pangan dan Aplikasinya Medical Laboratory Technology Journal AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal Journal of Applied Food Technology Journal of Health and Nutrition Research Poltekita: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan
Ninik Rustanti
Program Studi Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang 50275
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Computer Science & IT Dentistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Other

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Physicochemical and Sensory Quality of Noodle with Taro and Gembus Flour Ayustaningwarno, Fitriyono; Velicia, Velicia; Christanto, Monica Lemuela; Indriyanti, Risa; Wijayanti, Hartanti Sandi; Rahadiyanti, Ayu; Afifah, Diana Nur; Rustanti, Ninik; Anjani, Gemala; Ayu, Azzahra Mutiara
agriTECH Vol 45, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.98089

Abstract

Consuming low glycemic index (GI) foods is crucial for managing glycemic control in people with diabetes mellitus (DM). Meanwhile, taro (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) flour, recognized for low GI and resistant starch content, along with gembus flour, rich in fiber and protein, are potential substitutes in the formulation of dried noodle designed for DM diets. This study aimed to investigate five formulations namely F0 to F4 with varying percentages of taro and gembus flour using a completely randomized design. The parameters analyzed include energy content, proximate composition (carbohydrates, protein, fat, moisture, ash), dietary fiber, resistant starch, starch digestibility (using Kjeldahl, Soxhlet, and AACC 66-50 methods), as well as cooking quality. Statistical analysis used Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post-hoc tests to assess differences. Organoleptic quality was evaluated using hedonic and Just About Right (JAR) scales, while GI and glycemic load (GL) were determined by comparing glucose response curves. The results showed that higher gembus flour content reduced energy content, carbohydrates, starch digestibility, and GL, while increasing protein, fat, ash, dietary fiber, resistant starch, and cooking loss. The optimal formulation, F4 (20% taro flour, 20% gembus flour), was favored due to the balanced nutritional profile indicated by lower levels of carbohydrates and fat with higher levels of protein and fiber, as well as consumer preference. In conclusion, substituting taro and gembus flour in dried noodle significantly impacts nutritional composition, cooking quality, organoleptic attributes, and glycemic response, making both suitable alternatives for managing DM dietary needs.
The Association Between Intake of Saturated, Monounsaturated, and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids with Bifidobacterium Abundance Among Obese Adults Without Metabolic Syndrome Rustanti, Ninik; Sinthika, Euodia; Lestari, Endang Sri
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 11, No 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v11i2.26630

Abstract

Background: Bifidobacterium is a key gut microbe that contributes to host metabolism, immunity, and intestinal integrity through SCFA production. Dietary fats are known to modulate gut microbiota, but evidence on the effects of specific fat types—SFA, MUFA, PUFA—on Bifidobacterium in obese adults without metabolic syndrome remains limited.Objectives: To examine the association between intake of dietary fat types and the abundance of Bifidobacterium among obese adults without metabolic syndrome.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Semarang, Indonesia, involving 60 obese adults (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²) without metabolic syndrome. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated SQ-FFQ, and Bifidobacterium abundance was quantified using qPCR from fecal samples. Correlation and multivariate linear regression - adjusted for age, sex, and energy intake - were used to assess associations between variables.Results: Saturated fat intake was moderately and negatively correlated with Bifidobacterium levels (r = –0.464; p < 0.001), while total fat intake also showed a statistically significant, but weaker, negative correlation (r = –0.346; p = 0.007). PUFA intake showed a weak but statistically significant positive correlation (r = 0.269; p = 0.037), whereas MUFA intake was not significantly associated. Multivariate analysis identified SFA as an independent negative predictor of Bifidobacterium abundance.Conclusion: High intake of saturated fat is associated with decreased Bifidobacterium levels even in obese adults without metabolic syndrome, whereas PUFA may exert modest protective effects. These findings suggest that the type of dietary fat, rather than its quantity, plays a key role in modulating gut microbiota composition.
Effectiveness of synbiotic red dragon fruit yogurt on glucose and oxidative stress in metabolic syndrome rats Rustanti, Ninik; Armelinda, Nyoman Putri Ari; Febriandina, Kharisma Dwi; Ardiaria, Martha; Rahadiyanti, Ayu; Susilo, Mursid Tri; Pramono, Adriyan
AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal Vol 10, No 1 (2025): March
Publisher : Department of Nutrition at the Health Polytechnic of Aceh, Ministry of Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30867/action.v10i1.2231

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome is still a global health problem, especially in Indonesia. Oxidative stress is related to metabolic syndrome because it is triggered by hyperglycemia. Synbiotic yogurt containing the whole red dragon fruit has antioxidant and synbiotic potential. This study aimed to determine the effect of synbiotic yogurt with whole red dragon fruit on fasting blood glucose (FBG) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in rats with metabolic syndrome. The design of this study was true-experimental, with a pre-post test and randomized control group design. A total of 24 male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups (K-, K+, P1, P2). Groups K+, P1, and P2 were fed a high-fat, high-fructose diet (HFHFD) for 2 weeks. Groups P1 and P2 were administered synbiotic yogurt intervention of 0,009 mL/gBB/day and 0,018 mL/gBB/day, respectively, for 4 weeks. GOD-PAP method for FBG analysis and TBARS method for MDA analysis.  Data were analyzed using the paired t-test and One-Way ANOVA test. The P1 and P2 groups experienced a significant decrease in FBG levels by 63,45% and 76,07%, respectively (p<0,001), and a significant decrease in MDA by 26,1% and 37,2%, respectively (p<0,001). In conclusion, the administration of synbiotic yogurt at 0,018 mL/gBB/day (200 mL/day for humans) for four weeks was effective in reducing FBG and MDA levels.
Association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in obese adults Sinaga, Millennia Dorais; Rustanti, Ninik
AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal Vol 10, No 3 (2025): September
Publisher : Department of Nutrition at the Health Polytechnic of Aceh, Ministry of Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30867/action.v10i3.2606

Abstract

The global rise in obesity, including in Semarang, Indonesia, has been associated with an increased risk of insulin resistance, which can be assessed using the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Diet plays a crucial role in modulating systemic inflammation. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) is a validated tool used to quantify the inflammatory potential of dietary intake. However, few studies have explored the relationship between the ((DII) and HOMA-IR in obese individuals. This study aimed to analyze the association between DII score and HOMA-IR in obese adults in Semarang City. A cross-sectional study was conducted from September to November 2024, involving 66 obese adults aged 26–50 years (Body Mass Index [BMI] ≥25 kg/m²), selected through purposive sampling. Dietary intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQ-FFQ), and DII scores were calculated based on established algorithms. Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) and fasting insulin levels were measured to calculate HOMA-IR. Data analysis was performed using Pearson’s correlation and multiple linear regression adjusted for age and BMI. A DII score > 0 indicated a pro-inflammatory diet and HOMA-IR values >2,0, indicating insulin resistance. The results showed a significant positive association between the DII score and HOMA-IR (p = 0,002). Multiple regression analysis showed that the DII remained a significant predictor of HOMA-IR after adjusting for age and BMI (Model 1: β = 0,362, p = 0,007; Model 2: β = 0,381, p = 0,002; Model 3: β = 0,368, p = 0,002). The final model explained 24,3% of the variance in HOMA-IR (R² = 0,243), indicating a moderate effect size. In conclusion, a higher Dietary Inflammatory Index score was significantly associated with increased insulin resistance among obese adults in Semarang, independent of age and BMI. These findings highlight the potential role of diet-induced inflammation in metabolic dysregulations.
Co-Authors Adriyan Pramono Agung Dwi Prasetyo Agung Dwi Prasetyo, Agung Dwi Andriana Murdi Hastuti Ani Margawati Anjani, Gemala Annisa Istiqomah, Annisa Armelinda, Nyoman Putri Ari Aryu Candra Aulia, Salma Shafrina Avisha, Rosita Nur Ayu Rahadiyanti Ayu, Azzahra Mutiara Ayudya Luthfia Nintami Christanto, Monica Lemuela Deny Yudi Fitranti Dewi Marfu’ah Kurniawati Dewi, Sonia Kurnia Dhiyas, Ardhanareswari Dian Estiningtyas Dian Isti Cahyani, Dian Isti Diana Nur Afifah, Diana Nur Elvizahro Leiyla Endang Sri Lestari Endang Sri Lestari Etika Ratna Noer Fadhila, Farah Rosyihana Fala, Etika Nurul Febriandina, Kharisma Dwi Firdha Ayu Trianie Fitri Wulandari Fitriyono Ayustaningwarno Hajar Surya Wardani Hardaning Ausiea Marantha Hartanti Sandi Wijayanti Hestin Rahmawati Ina Susanti Indah Mega Astuti Indriyanti, Risa Latifah Nur Aisiyah Magfirah, Ariel Maria Annisa Primawestri Marsella Temala Dewi MARTHA ARDIARIA Mukarromah, Tsamaroh Azzah Mursid Tri Susilo Muthia Fauzan Nafsih, Vifin Zakiahtin Nissa, Choirun Nur Afifah, Diana Nur Ahmad Habibi Nur Ilaika Zulfa Nurul Alam Sayekti Nuryanto Nuryanto . Nuryanto Nuryanto Oky Dwi Nurhayati Puspadani, Nurlina Rachma Purwanti Ramayani, Gita Ratih Paramastuti Ratna Ratna Rayyani Zaena Dini Resmi Unggul Pratiwi, Resmi Unggul Rozanah, Ishmah S. Sugiharto Safitri, Ulan Sidhin, Syaharani Sinaga, Millennia Dorais Sinthika, Euodia Sugiharto Suryaningrum, Trisna Ulil Albab Utami Harjantini, Utami Velicia, Velicia Yustitie, Normasari