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Effect of Ethanol-water Concentration as Extraction Solvent on Antioxidant Activity of Acalypha indica Fadhila, Salma Iza; Hayati, Elok Kamilah; Rafi, Mohamad; Sabarudin, Akhmad
al Kimiya: Jurnal Ilmu Kimia dan Terapan Vol. 10 No. 2 (2023): al Kimiya: Jurnal Ilmu Kimia dan Terapan
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/ak.v10i2.30081

Abstract

Acalypha indica is an abundant and obtainable wild weed plant in Indonesia. This is a possible opportunity to enhance its utility. The effect of free radicals is one of the factors that contribute to oxidative stress in the body, which can lead to cell damage and trigger various diseases. Plants rich in antioxidants can inhibit free radical reactions and protect the body from oxidative stress. In this study, we conducted the identification of major metabolite compounds using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS from 70% ethanol extracts of Acalypha indica. We also performed phytochemical and antioxidant activity tests with various concentrations of ethanol-water solvents including water, 30%, 50%, 70% ethanol, and absolute ethanol to determine the optimal extraction conditions and the influence of solvent concentration on the antioxidant activity of Acalypha indica extract. The results of UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS identification showed that the 70% ethanol extract of Acalypha indica contains 10 major compounds suspected to correlate with its antioxidant activity. These include five flavonoids compounds (palasitrin, vitexin 2"-o-p-coumarate, isorhamnetin 3- (3",6"-di-p-coumarylglucoside), peucenin, and sulfuretin), two amino acid compounds (2-amino-3-carboxymuconic acid semialdehyde and N-Acetyl-L-phenylalanine), two carboxylic acid compound (citric acid and traumatic acid), and one phenolic compound (quinic acid). Phytochemical tests show positive results for flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and triterpenoids in each of water, 30%, 50%, 70% ethanol, and absolute ethanol extracts. The best antioxidant activity was obtained from the 70% ethanol extract with an IC50 value of 47.064 ppm, categorizing it as an extremely strong antioxidant.
Urine Glucose Detection Via Gold Nanoparticle Formation Using 3D-Connector Microfluidic Paper Based Analytical Devices Putri, Krista Firdaus Suwarno; Sulistyarti, Hermin; Sabarudin, Akhmad
al Kimiya: Jurnal Ilmu Kimia dan Terapan Vol. 11 No. 1 (2024): al Kimiya: Jurnal Ilmu Kimia dan Terapan
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/ak.v11i1.35245

Abstract

A metabolic disorders that have experienced a significant increase in the world are diabetes mellitus. Diabetes is caused by two main factors: the first is damage to pancreatic beta cells, which prevents insulin from being produced, and the second is impaired insulin secretion and function. Chronic diabetes, if not treated properly, can lead to acute complications including eye, kidney, lung, nerve, and even death. Diabetes can be diagnosed through blood and urine. In general, glucose detection is carried out using invasive methods that use blood samples, which can cause pain and discomfort for users. Current research is developing non-invasive glucose detection using urine samples. This research aims to develop non-invasive glucose detection technology using 3D-connector μPADs (Microfluidic Paper Based Analytical Devices) which have the advantages of being safe, easy, and simple. The three-dimensional connector on the device functions as a connector to facilitate the coordination of fluid flow in the sample zone and detection zone. The glucose detection method uses gold (III) chloride as a gold nanoparticle (AuNPs) precursor, an aqueous extract of Acalypha indica Linn as a stabilizing agent, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as a catalyst, and glucose in artificial urine as a sample. Method validation results using imageJ software indicated linearity with a coefficient of determination value (R2) of 0.9714, precision with a %RSD value (Relative Standard Deviation) of 2.69, and an accuracy level ranging from 92.22-99.23%.
Penyaring Air Keran untuk Pemenuhan Air Bersih di Desa Talangsuko, Kecamatan Turen, Kabupaten Malang Layta Dinira; Mulyasuryani, Ani; Rumhayati, Barlah; Sabarudin, Akhmad
Rengganis Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Pendidikan Matematika, FKIP Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/rengganis.v5i2.877

Abstract

Desa Talangsuko, Kecamatan Turen, Kabupaten Malang is classified as an area with moderate risk of perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS), indicating that PHBS management is not yet optimal. This community service aimed to improve household water management in Desa Talangsuko by implementing filtration and adsorption technology through tap water filters. The activities included water sampling, tap water filter design, education on clean water through counseling and hands-on demonstrations, and installation of tap water filters. The results showed an improvement in household water quality after the use of the tap water filters, as indicated by the reduction of chemical contaminants such as fluoride, nitrate, and water hardness. The counseling and hands-on demonstrations increased community awareness about clean water and the importance of regularly replacing water filter materials. These results suggest that this program demonstrated a positive impact on household water management in Desa Talangsuko.
Modifikasi Elektroda Karbon Screen-Printed dengan Magnetit-Silika-Polimer Cetak Ion untuk Sensor Pb(II) Secara Square Wave Voltammetry (SWV) Nugraha, Hedhi Setya; Mulyasuryani, Ani; Sabarudin, Akhmad; Dinira, Layta; Fardiyah, Qonitah
ALCHEMY:Journal of Chemistry Vol 13, No 2 (2025): ALCHEMY: JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/al.v13i2.36777

Abstract

Elektroda karbon cetak layar (SPCE) telah dimodifikasi dengan Fe₃O₄@SiO₂-ion imprinted polymer (IIP) untuk meningkatkan selektivitas terhadap ion Pb²⁺. Hasil voltametri siklik menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan pada kinetika transfer elektron, dengan koefisien difusi masing-masing 1,79 × 10⁻⁵ cm²/s untuk [Fe(CN)₆]³⁻/⁴⁻ dan 0,0314 cm²/s untuk Pb(II), dibandingkan SPCE tanpa modifikasi (5,76 × 10⁻⁶ cm²/s dan 0,00093 cm²/s). Optimasi parameter square wave voltammetry (SWV) menghasilkan kondisi optimum pada amplitudo 0,01 V dan frekuensi 10 Hz, dengan batas deteksi (LOD) 0,219 ppb serta linearitas sangat baik (Ip = 0,207C; R² = 0,998) pada rentang konsentrasi 1–10 ppb. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa SPCE termodifikasi Fe₃O₄@SiO₂-IIP berpotensi sebagai sensor yang selektif dan sensitif untuk deteksi Pb²⁺ dalam aplikasi keamanan pangan dan pemantauan lingkungan.
Optimization and Stability Assessment of Chitosan/PVA Smart Sensor Films Incorporated with Roselle Anthocyanins for Real-Time Visual Monitoring of Chicken and Shrimp Freshness under Different Storage Conditions Hidayaty, Alfianita Nuril; Fiddaroini, Saidun; Fahmi, Ahmad Luthfi; Fardiyah, Qonitah; Sabarudin, Akhmad
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2026.11.1.217-234

Abstract

The development of intelligent packaging systems has become a promising approach to ensure food safety and quality by enabling real-time freshness monitoring. In this study, chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol (Cs/PVA)-based smart sensor films incorporated with roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) anthocyanins were fabricated and optimized for the visual detection of chicken and shrimp spoilage under variations storage. Anthocyanins were extracted from fresh roselle petals through different maceration periods (R1–R5) to investigate their influence on film properties. Physicochemical characterization revealed that extended maceration enhanced anthocyanin loading, leading to increased film thickness, higher color saturation, and improved optical responsiveness. FESEM micrographs demonstrated homogeneous polymer matrices at lower anthocyanin concentrations, while higher loadings induced micro-aggregates that enhanced volatile adsorption and sensing sensitivity. The fabricated films exhibited clear and progressive color transitions aligned with the spoilage process: red–purple at fresh conditions (pH 5–6), brown–green at intermediate spoilage (pH 7–9), and yellow–brown at advanced spoilage (pH ≥10), consistent with anthocyanin structural transformations. Storage trials with chicken and shrimp confirmed that the Cs/PVA–R5 film displayed the intense coloration and strong response to volatile amines such as ammonia, trimethylamine, and dimethylamine, enabling reliable freshness monitoring. Importantly, the films provided a visual indication when the pH exceeded the edibility threshold of 7.0–7.5, beyond which the samples were deemed unsuitable for consumption. Overall, this work demonstrates the potential of Cs/PVA–roselle anthocyanin films as eco-friendly, low-cost, and effective smart indicators for meat and seafood freshness, offering a practical platform for intelligent food packaging applications.
Immobilized L-arginine on methacrylate polymer as reusable heterogeneous catalyst for crude palm oil transesterification Erwanto, Erwanto; Warsito, Warsito; Sabarudin, Akhmad; Mardiana, Diah; Iftitah, Elvina Dhiaul
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 15, No 3 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2026.61761

Abstract

The development of enviromentally friendly and reusable heterogenous catalyst has attracted significant attention for sustainable biodiesel production from low-cost feedstocks such as crude palm oil (CPO). This study aims to synthesize and evaluate an L-arginine immobilized methacrylate-based porous polymer as an efficient and reusable heterogenous base catalyst for CPO transesterification. In this study, a porous polymer synthesized from glycidyl methacrylate (GM) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGD), denoted as poly(GM-co-EGD), was employed as a support matrix for L-arginine immobilization to develop an efficient heterogeneous base catalyst for the transesterification of CPO. The catalyst was prepared via free radical polymerization followed by covalent immobilization of L-arginine onto the porous polymer framework. FESEM analysis revealed a well-developed interconnected porous morphology, which was further supported by textural characterization showing a high BET surface area of 650 m² g⁻¹ and a total pore volume of 2.07 cm³ g⁻¹. FTIR spectra confirmed the successful chemical bonding between L-arginine and the polymer matrix. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated good thermal stability of the polymeric catalyst up to 120 °C, suitable for transesterification conditions. The basic strength evaluated using Hammett indicators showed moderate-to-strong basicity (9.9 < H_ < 12), while quantitative back titration with benzoic acid revealed that the catalyst with a poly(GM-co-EGD):L-arginine ratio of 1:2 exhibited the highest total basicity of 1.01 mmol g⁻¹. Process optimization using Response Surface Methodology with a Box–Behnken design produced a highly accurate quadratic model (R² = 0.9992). Under optimal conditions, a biodiesel yield of 82.34 ± 1.08% was achieved, consistent with model predictions. The catalyst maintained stable performance over five consecutive cycles, demonstrating its potential as a green and sustainable catalyst for biodiesel production from CPO.
Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Nanopartikel Fe3O4 termodifikasi Biokompatibel Polimer serta Potensinya sebagai Penghantar Obat Wulandari, Ika Oktavia; Rahayu, Lale B; Riva’i, Imam; Sulistyarti, Hermin; Sabarudin, Akhmad
Indonesian Green Technology Journal Vol. 10 No. 1 (2021): Indonesian Green Technology Journal
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana, Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Nanopartikel sebagai agen penghantar obat berbasis Fe3O4 dalam penelitian ini disintesis dengan dua metode, yakni metode kopresipitasi dan metode sonikasi. Permukaan Fe3O4 selanjutnya dimodifikasi dengan penambahan biokompatibel polimer berupa Polivinil Alkohol (PVA) yang terikat silang dengan Glutaraldehid. Penelitian ini juga dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh komposisi PVA terhadap sifat fisik dan magnetik material yang meliputi ukuran kristal, parameter kisi, dan faktor g-lande. Metode kopresipitasi dengan lama waktu reaksi 30 menit mampu menghasilkan nanopartikel dengan ukuran lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan metode sonikasi dalam durasi waktu reaksi yang sama. Namun demikian, apabila waktu sonikasi diperpanjang yaitu selama 60 menit, maka akan diperoleh nanopartikel bare Fe3O4 dengan ukuran yang lebih kecil. Selanjutnya penambahan PVA dan GA sebagai capping agent pada permukaan Fe3O4 dimaksudkan untuk mereduksi pembentukan agregat dan proses oksidasi dari Fe3O4 untuk menghasilkan fasa besi oksida lainnya. Penambahan polimer PVA meningkatkan ukuran kristal nanopartikel dibandingkan nanopartikel Fe3O4 tanpa PVA. Namun peningkatan ukuran yang terjadi tidak lebih dari 20 nm. Modifikasi permukaan juga mempengaruhi ukuran parameter kisi. Selain itu pelapisan permukaan Fe3O4 dengan PVA dapat mereduksi proses oksidasi nanopartikel Fe3O4 yang dihasilkan. Hal ini terbukti dari intensitas puncak difraktogram yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan bare nanopartikel pada posisi hkl yang sesuai untuk Fe3O4. Penambahan PVA juga mempengaruhi nilai faktor g-lande, dimana faktor ini berkorelasi dengan sifat magnetik dari material. Secara umum penambahan PVA dapat menurunkan nilai faktor g-lande, namun material masih tetap memiliki rekativitas terhadap medan magnet eksternal.
Sintesis Monolith Nanopori dengan Teknik Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Menggunakan Ionic Liquid dan Logam Cu(II) sebagai Metal Mediated Self Assembly Pivot untuk Pemisahan Campuran Senyawa Kiral Khabibi, Bhisma Wildan; Rafika, Nilna Assasiatur; Audina Hardiyanti, Shova; Amalia, Suci; Sabarudin, Akhmad
Indonesian Green Technology Journal Vol. 10 No. 2 (2021): Indonesian Green Technology Journal
Publisher : Sekolah Pascasarjana, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Senyawa kiral memiliki peranan penting dalam bidang farmasi dan industri kimia. Pada penelitian yang dilakukan, kolom monolit polimer organik disintesis melalui metode metal-mediated self assembly (MMSA) digunakan sebagai fasa diam kromatografi cair kinerja tinggi untuk pemisahan senyawa kiral. Monolit yang telah disintesis di dalam silicosteel tube (100 x 0.5 mm i.d.) dengan metode reaksi in-situ kopolimerisasi, digunakan 4-vinilpiridin sebagai monomer; etilena glikol dimetakrilat sebagai crosslinker; R-sitronelal sebagai template; logam Cu2+ sebagai metal pivot; 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroboronate sebagai porogen ionic liquid (IL); dan azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) sebagai radikal inisiator. Kolom silicosteel disilanasi dengan 3-Trimethoxysilylpropyl methacrylate sebelum digunakan untuk polimerisasi agar terbentuk ikatan kovalen antara monolit dan dinding bagian dalam kolom. Komposisi total monomer (%T) dan crosslinker (%C) di optimasi untuk mendapatkan hasil pemisahan kiral yang baik. Morfologi dan struktur pori dari monolit polimer organik dianalisis dengan SEM. Hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan pada kolom monolit MMIP dengan komposisi %T 40 dan %C 35 menunjukan selektivitas yang baik untuk memisahkan sampel R-sitronelal dan S-sitronelal dengan metode isokratik, fasa gerak asetonitril dan air (90:10) (v/v), laju alir 0.04 mL/menit.
Enzyme-Free Colorimetric Sensing of Glucose using Silver Nanoparticles with a Green Stabilizing Agent from Capsicum chinense Jacq Extract Putra, Boyfannie Ivan; Sulistyarti, Hermin; Utama, Muhammad Mashuri; Haryanto, Aura Ananda; Retnowati, Rurini; Rafi, Mohamad; Sabarudin, Akhmad
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 29, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant global health issue characterized by abnormal glucose levels in the human body. DM diagnostics are often based on invasive sampling from blood, which poses a potential risk of infection and tissue damage. Therefore, a non-enzymatic and non-invasive method for glucose monitoring is demanded as a simple alternative to glucose detection in urine samples. In this work, enzyme-free glucose determination is based on the formation of silver nanoparticles stabilized by Capsicum chinense Jacq extract (CCJ-AgNPs). Under alkaline conditions, glucose functions as a reducing agent for silver ions, and the extract acts as a stabilizer to prevent agglomeration. The effect of reaction time, extract concentration, NaOH concentration, and AgNO3 concentration was studied to determine the optimum conditions for glucose sensing (reaction time: 5 min, extract volume: 2 mL, NaOH concentration: 0.05 M, and AgNO3 concentration: 0.2 mM). The linearity of glucose determination was obtained from 0 to 900 mg/L with LOD and LOQ of 1 and 5 mg/L, respectively. The proposed method demonstrated good selectivity against citric acid, NH4Cl, NaCl, H2PO4, and urea at a concentration of 100 mg/L, with good accuracy for the recovery test, ranging from 93.7% to 101.8%. This method can serve as an alternative approach for simple, non-invasive, and non-toxic glucose monitoring in human urine with high sensitivity and specificity.
Evaluasi Pemisahan Alkilbenzena Menggunakan Kolom Monolith Berbasis Polimer Organik secara Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi Raeni, Septi Fajar; Haresmawati, Unsania; Mulyasuryani, Ani; Sabarudin, Akhmad
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 14, No 1 (2018): March
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.14.1.11266.37-50

Abstract

Kolom monolith berbasis polimer organik poli-(lauril metakrilat-co-etilen dimetakrilat) disintesis secara in situ kopolimerisasi dalam kolom silicosteel dengan ukuran panjang 10 cm dan diameter dalam 1,02 mm. Kolom monolith ini digunakan untuk pemisahan alkilbenzena secara Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi (KCKT) fasa terbalik. Pada penelitian ini, efisiensi pemisahan ditingkatkan dengan menggunakan kolom monolith poli-(LMA-co-EDMA) untuk memisahkan senyawa alkilbenzena melalui tiga parameter, yakni temperatur kolom, pemisahan secara isokratik dan pemisahan secara gradien. Temperatur kolom yang digunakan berkisar antara 27–50 °C. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa temperatur optimum untuk pemisahan alkilbenzena secara isokratik yaitu 27 °C yang setara dengan temperatur ruang dengan fasa gerak asetonitril-air (50:50 w/w). Pemisahan alkilbenzena yang lebih efisien ditunjukkan dari penggunaan mode gradien ditandai dengan nilai peak capacity, faktor retensi dan jumlah plat teoritis yang lebih baik. Fasa gerak yang digunakan pada pemisahan secara gradien yaitu pelarut A yang terdiri atas asetonitril-air (40:60 w/w) dan pelarut B yang terdiri atas asetonitril-air (60:40 w/w)  dengan waktu gradien 20–40 menit 0–100% B. Perubahan waktu gradien berpengaruh terhadap faktor retensi dan peak capacity.Evaluation of Organic Polymer-Based Monolithic Column by High Performance Liquid Chromatography for The Separation of Alkyl Benzenes. Organic polymer-based monolithic column of poly(lauryl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) has been prepared by in- situ copolymerization inside of silicosteel column with the size of 100 mm long x 1.02 mm i.d. This kind of monolith column used for separation of alkylbenzenes using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The efficiency separation on this research is improved by using poly-(LMA-co-EDMA) monolithic column for separation of alkyl benzene compounds using three strategies involving optimization column temperature, isocratic elution mode, and gradient elution mode. The applied column temperatures were varied in the range of 27–50 °C. It was found that room temperature in isocratic mode with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-water (50:50 w/w) showed the excellent efficiency indicated by baseline-resolved of each peak of alkyl benzenes. The resulted separation efficiency by employing gradient elution mode exceeded its counterpart (isocratic mode), which is indicated by better in peak capacity, retention factor, and number theoritical plate. Two different mobile phases for gradient elution mode, composed of A that contain of acetonitrile-water (40/60 w/w) and B that contain of acetonitrile-water (60/40 w/w) were utilized in the range of 20-40 min for 0-100% B. It was found that increasing gradient time strongly affect to the retention factor and peak capacity.