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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sains dan Humaniora (JPPSH) Jurnal Teknik Kimia TEKMAPRO Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management Scan : Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi Proceeding International Conference on Information Technology and Business JURNAL INTEGRASI PROSES International conference on Information Technology and Business (ICITB) Konversi IJEMS (Indonesian Journal of Environmental Management and Sustainability) Chemistry Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Journal of Education Action Research Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia G-Tech : Jurnal Teknologi Terapan Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings International Journal of Eco-Innovation in Science and Engineering (IJEISE) Quimica : Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Terapan Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) Seminar Nasional Ilmu Terapan Journal Serambi Engineering (JSE)
Ni Ketut Sari
Department Of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Pembangunan National “Veteran” Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Optimization of Flavonoid Compounds from Avocado Seeds Using Ethanol Solvent through Response Surface Methodology (RSM) Laurentcya, Treyna Dara; Fergilang, Jibraltar; Sari, Ni Ketut; Nurherdiana, Silvana Dwi
AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy (SAFE-Network)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29165/ajarcde.v9i2.742

Abstract

This research aimed to optimize the extraction of flavonoid compounds from avocado seeds (Persea Americana Mill.) using ethanol as a solvent through Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Avocado seeds are known to contain bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, which exhibit antioxidant properties. Extraction was performed via maceration using 96% ethanol, with varying extraction times (1–5 days) and seed powder-to-solvent ratios (10–50% w/v). The results demonstrated that prolonged extraction time and higher solvent ratios significantly increased flavonoid yield, peaking at 6.5090% (5 days, 50% w/v). RSM optimization (25 data points) identified optimal conditions at 4.99414 days and a 39.6367% w/v ratio, yielding 3.65815% flavonoids. GC-MS analysis detected degraded flavonoid derivatives (e.g., avocadenofuran), attributed to high-temperature processing. The study confirms ethanol-based maceration as an effective method for flavonoid extraction, with time and solvent ratio being critical factors. These findings support potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries for the development of antioxidant products. Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):SDG 3: Good Health and Well-beingSDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and InfrastructureSDG 12: Responsible Consumption and ProductionSDG 13: Climate Action
Glucose Synthesis from Imperata Cylindrica by Acid Hydrolysis Process Muhammad Ashfal Ashfiya; Ahmad Rizky Safrudin; Ni Ketut Sari; Rachmad Ramadhan Yogaswara
AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy (SAFE-Network)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29165/ajarcde.v9i2.752

Abstract

Imperata cylindrica, commonly known as alang-alang, is a fast-growing, abundant, and underutilised grass often considered a weed. However, its high cellulose content makes it a promising lignocellulosic biomass for renewable glucose production. This study explores the synthesis of glucose from Imperata cylindrica through acid hydrolysis, with the aim of utilizing this low-cost biomass as a sustainable raw material for bio-based products. The hydrolysis process was investigated using two main variables: hydrolysis time (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 hours) and acid concentration (1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, and 3%). The resulting hydrolysates containing glucose were analyzed using a refractometer, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, and further optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The highest glucose content obtained by refractometer was 6.5%, while RSM predicted a maximum of 6.49%, and UV-Vis analysis showed 6.34%. All optimal results were achieved under the condition of 2.5 hours of hydrolysis time and a 3% acid concentration. These findings highlight the potential of Imperata cylindrica as a viable and sustainable feedstock for glucose production through acid hydrolysis, contributing to the development of alternative bio-resources. Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):SDG 6: Clean Water and SanitationSDG 11: Sustainable Cities and CommunitiesSDG 13: Climate ActionSDG 15: Life on Land
Analisis Lanskap Penelitian Remanufaktur dan Perilaku Konsumen: Studi Literatur Sistematis Sari, Komang Nickita; Anityasari, Maria; Sari, Ni Ketut
Tekmapro Vol. 19 No. 2 (2024): TEKMAPRO
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Industri Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/tekmapro.v19i2.423

Abstract

Penelitian mengenai remanufaktur telah berkembang pesat dalam beberapa dekade terakhir seiring dengan meningkatnya perhatian terhadap keberlanjutan dan ekonomi sirkular. Remanufaktur adalah proses perbaikan dan peremajaan produk bekas sehingga produk tersebut dapat digunakan kembali dengan kualitas yang setara dengan produk baru. Proses ini membantu mengurangi limbah, penggunaan sumber daya alam, serta menawarkan solusi ekonomis bagi konsumen dan produsen. Namun, adopsi praktik remanufaktur menghadapi berbagai tantangan, terutama di negara berkembang seperti Indonesia, di mana pemahaman konsumen mengenai produk remanufaktur masih rendah dan persepsi terhadap produk murah sebagai produk berkualitas rendah masih dominan. Ketidakjelasan dalam definisi remanufaktur juga menjadi hambatan besar bagi peneliti dan praktisi, menyebabkan kesulitan dalam melakukan penelitian yang efektif dan menyebarkan pengetahuan tentang proses tersebut. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memberikan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam mengenai lanskap penelitian remanufaktur yang terkadang masih ambigu dan membutuhkan eksplorasi lebih lanjut. Dengan menggunakan metode eksploratif dan systematic literature review, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tren terkini dan isu-isu penting yang mempengaruhi adopsi praktik remanufaktur, serta memberikan wawasan mengenai perbedaan perilaku konsumen di negara maju dan berkembang terhadap produk remanufaktur.
Optimization of Acetone Concentration and Reflux Ratio for Enhanced Oil Extraction from Spent Bleaching Earth: A Response Surface Methodology Approach Monica, Clarissa Putri; Anggraeni, Verendria Putri Caesar; Sumada, Ketut; Sari, Ni Ketut; Pujiastuti, Caecilia
Indonesian Journal of Environmental Management and Sustainability Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): December
Publisher : Magister Program of Material Science, Graduate School of Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/ijems.2025.9.4.183-191

Abstract

Spent bleaching earth with an oil content exceeding 3% is classified as hazardous and toxic waste, requiring appropriate processing prior to environmental disposal. Extraction is one effective method for processing spent bleaching earth. This study focuses on the optimization of oil extraction from spent bleaching earth using acetone as a solvent, specifically analyzing the effects of solvent concentration and reflux ratio on oil recovery efficiency and evaluating the quality of recovered bleaching earth for potential reuse in vegetable oil refining processes. The extraction method employed was soxhlet extraction using acetone as the solvent. Five different acetone concentrations (50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, and 90%) were tested in combination with five reflux ratios (2, 3, 4, 5, and 6), creating a total of 25 experimental conditions. Response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized to optimize these parameters and identify the ideal conditions for maximum oil recovery. The experimental design and statistical analysis were conducted using Design Expert 13.0.5.0 software. The quality of recovered bleaching earth was assessed against Indonesian National Standards (SNI) for potential reuse applications. The optimization results indicated optimal conditions of 69.15% acetone concentration and a reflux ratio of 4, yielding a maximum oil recovery rate of 17.52%. Analysis of the recovered bleaching earth showed that while it met most SNI standards for bleaching earth quality parameters, the pH remained acidic (below neutral), indicating that alkaline pretreatment would be necessary before the material could be effectively reused in vegetable oil bleaching processes. The study demonstrates that acetone-based soxhlet extraction can effectively recover oil from spent bleaching earth while producing a secondary product suitable for reuse after appropriate pH adjustment.
Sintesis Dan Karakterisasi Katalis Zeolit Basa Menggunakan Metode Hidrotermal Untuk Transesterifikasi Biodiesel Dharmawan, Valda Ashila; Muhammad Zainul Fata; Ni Ketut Sari
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 11 No. 2 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

Penelitian ini mensintesis dan mengkarakterisasi katalis zeolit basa melalui optimasi rasio Si/Al (1:1–5:1) sebagai x dan pH pencucian (7–11) menggunakan metode hidrotermal dengan komposisi molar 20 Na₂O : 8 Al₂O₃ : x SiO₂ : 400 H₂O. Pengujian aktivitas katalitik dilakukan melalui reaksi transesterifikasi minyak kelapa sawit dengan metanol pada suhu 70°C selama 180 menit. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) digunakan untuk menentukan kondisi optimal dengan yield biodiesel sebagai variabel respon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan rasio Si/Al dari 1:1-5:1 konsisten meningkatkan yield biodiesel pada seluruh rentang pH. Yield tertinggi sebesar 82,387% dicapai pada rasio Si/Al 5:1 dengan pH 9. Optimasi menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM) dengan model kuadratik menghasilkan perolehan biodiesel optimal 82,537% pada rasio Si/Al 4,975 dan pH 8,912, dengan ketepatan model yang tinggi (R² = 0,9976, Adjusted R² = 0,9957, Predicted R² = 0,9844, dan desirability = 1,000). Karakterisasi SEM menunjukkan bentuk kristal oktahedral dengan ukuran partikel 4,569-14,000 μm, sedangkan analisis XRF memastikan rasio Si/Al aktual sebesar 2,28. Biodiesel yang dihasilkan memenuhi standar SNI 7182:2015 dengan massa jenis 877 kg/m³ dan viskositas kinematik 4,69 cSt, menunjukkan bahwa katalis zeolit basa mampu digunakan untuk proses transesterifikasi biodiesel.
Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite from Crab Shell Waste (Scylla Serrata) Using the Precipitation Method Nisa, Assholihatun; Dinda Putri Arnindi; Ni Ketut Sari
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 11 No. 2 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

The utilization of crab shell waste as a calcium source represents a value-added material development strategy while simultaneously reducing environmental pollution from fishery waste. This study aimed to synthesize hydroxyapatite (HAp) derived from crab shell waste via the precipitation method and to evaluate the effect of calcination temperature (800, 900, 1000, 1100, and 1200 °C) and Na₂HPO₄ concentration (0.75, 1.3, 1.85, 2.4, and 2.95 M) on the resulting material characteristics. The crab shells were initially calcined to obtain CaO as the calcium source, followed by reaction with Na₂HPO₄ solution as the phosphate precursor to form hydroxyapatite. The synthesized product was subsequently dried and calcined according to the designated temperature variations. Characterization was carried out using XRF, XRD, and SEM analyses. XRF results indicated the dominance of Ca and P elements with a Ca/P ratio approaching the stoichiometric value of hydroxyapatite (1.67). XRD patterns confirmed the formation of crystalline HAp phases, with increasing peak intensity and sharpness at higher calcination temperatures, indicating an enhanced degree of crystallinity. Variations in Na₂HPO₄ concentration influenced phase purity and the Ca/P ratio. SEM analysis revealed sub-spherical particle morphology with a tendency toward agglomeration at higher temperatures due to sintering effects. Overall, the findings demonstrate that controlling calcination temperature and phosphate precursor concentration plays a critical role in determining the composition, crystallinity, and morphology of hydroxyapatite synthesized from crab shell waste.
The Effect of Substrate Concentration and Bacterial Loading on Biobutanol Production from Molasses Using Clostridium acetobutylicum Putri , Zahra Dzaki Roofia; Destyano, Azel; Sari, Ni Ketut; Triana, Nurul Widji; Santi, Sintha Soraya
G-Tech: Jurnal Teknologi Terapan Vol 10 No 2 (2026): G-Tech, Vol. 10 No. 2 April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat, Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70609/g-tech.v10i2.9288

Abstract

Biobutanol is a promising alternative fuel due to its high energy content and compatibility with existing fuel infrastructure. This study evaluates the effects of molasses substrate concentration and Clostridium acetobutylicum loading on biobutanol production via the Acetone–Butanol–Ethanol (ABE) fermentation process. Molasses concentration was varied at 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, and 7%, while bacterial loading ranged at 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%. Fermentation was performed under anaerobic conditions at 37 °C for 4 days with CaCO₃ as a buffering agent. Unlike previous studies that investigated these parameters individually, this work examines their combined influence using a statistical optimization approach. The highest experimental biobutanol concentration of 6.06% was obtained at a substrate concentration of 6% and a bacterial loading of 5%. Optimization using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) produced a statistically significant quadratic model (p < 0.0001) with good predictive performance (R² = 0.9045; predicted R² = 0.8153). The optimal conditions were predicted at a substrate concentration of 5.220% and a bacterial loading of 4.580%, yielding a biobutanol concentration of 6.087%. These results highlight the importance of simultaneous parameter optimization for improving molasses-based biobutanol production.
Co-Authors Ahmad Rizky Safrudin Anggraeni, Verendria Putri Caesar Asif Faroqi Atha Mardhi Maulana Athobarani, Akmal Bachtiar, Sofi Baihaqi, Muhammad Nizammudin Destyano, Azel Dharmawan, Valda Ashila Dimas Hafidz Maulana Dinda Putri Arnindi Dira Ernawati Dira Ernawati Erwan Adi Saputro Eva Yulia P Fadhilah, Said Ahmad Fathoni, Muhamad Uman Fatkhurin, Elma Fergilang, Jibraltar Fernanda Andika Arya Revandana Gemilang, Surya Hana Nabila Putri I Komang Tri Musthika Jalil, Mohd Jumain Jariyah Jonathan Fayol Sinaga Ketut Sumada Khurniawati, Khurniawati Komang Nickita Sari Kusuma Wardhani Mas’udah Laurentcya, Treyna Dara Lestari, Rowina Maria Anityasari Maria Anityasari Monica, Clarissa Putri Muhammad Ashfal Ashfiya Muhammad Zainul Fata Nisa, Assholihatun Nurhediana, Silvana Dwi Nurjaya, Luh Asri Ningsih Widhi P, Eva Yulia Pujiastuti, Caecilia Putri , Zahra Dzaki Roofia Rachma Putri Salsya Dilla Saputra, Wahyu S J Sari, Komang Nickita Shafira Suci Utami Silvana Dwi Nurherdiana Sinta Dewi Sintha Soraya Santi Suryanto, Tri Lahtif Mardi Suwandana, I Made Adi Syaiba Qurrotul Aini Tathmainnul Qulub Al Asrori Trianna, Nurul Widji Wahyu S. J. Saputra Wahyuningtiyas, Retno Wijaya, Miftachul Yogaswara, Rachmad Ramadhan Yustica Chandra Kania