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Perlindungan Seni Menghidangkan Makanan dan Karya Turunannya Berbasis Teknologi: Perspektif Hak Cipta Putu Aras Samsithawrati; Ni Ketut Supasti Dharmawan; Putri Triari Dwijayanthi; Anak Agung Istri Eka Krisnayanti; Dewa Ayu Dian Sawitri
Jurnal Analisis Hukum Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38043/jah.v6i1.4159

Abstract

Abstract This article aims to analyze the categorization of the food plating art as art in the context of copyright protection and the protection of photography and video works upon the food presentation. This article uses normative research method with conceptual, statutory and comparative approaches. The results show that the food plating art cannot be categorized as a work of art that is protected under copyright because the elements of copyright protection that are interrelated to each other have not been fully fulfilled, such as the fixation requirement which is not successfully fulfilled. The food plating art is impermanent because it is easily destroyed and will not exist after being eaten (perishable in nature) because the art is meant to be eaten. Thus, the element of “should be embodied in real form” are very difficult to fulfill. The food plating art cannot yet be considered copyrighted art. However, derivatives of the food plating art in the form of photographic and cinematographic works on the food plating art can be copyrighted as works of Food Art Photography and Food Art Cinematography. Therefore, the creator has exclusive rights in the form of moral rights and economic rights, while the copyright holder can enjoy exclusive rights in the form of economic rights over the photographic and cinematographic works. Keywords: Food plating art, Copyright, Derivative Work, Technology Abstrak Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengkategorian seni menghidangkan makanan sebagai seni dalam konteks perlindungan Hak Cipta serta perlindungannya terhadap karya fotografi dan video terhadap keberadaan hidangan makanan. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual, perundang-undangan dan perbandingan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seni menghidangkan makanan tidak dapat dikategoritisasikan sebagai karya seni yang dilindungi Hak Cipta karena belum terpenuhinya secara utuh unsur-unsur perlindungan hak cipta yang saling berkaitan satu sama lain, seperti syarat fixation yang tidak terpenuhi. Karya seni menghidangkan makanan sifatnya memang tidak permanen karena mudah dihancurkan dan akan tidak eksis setelah dimakan, karena sifat seni penyajiannya memang untuk dimakan. Dengan demikian, unsur diwujudkan dalam bentuk nyata sangat sulit dipenuhi. Seni menghidangkan makanan belum dapat dianggap sebagai seni yang dilindungi hak cipta. Namun demikian, turunan dari seni menghidangkan makanan tersebut dalam wujud karya fotografi dan sinematografi atas seni menghidangkan makanan dapat dilindungi hak cipta sebagai karya Food Art Photography dan Food art cinematography, sehingga penciptanya memiliki hak ekslusif berupa hak moral dan hak ekonomi, sedangkan pemegang hak cipta dapat menikmati hak eksklusif berupa hak ekonomi atas karya fotografi dan sinematografi tersebut. Kata kunci: Seni menghidangkan makanan, Hak Cipta, Karya Turunan, Teknologi
Model Penguatan Perlindungan Kekayaan Intelektual Komunal: Transplantasi Muatan Kebijakan Termasuk Benefit-Sharing Berbasis Undang-Undang Ni Ketut Supasti Dharmawan; Putu Aras Samsithawrati; Desak Putu Dewi Kasih; Putri Triari Dwijayanthi; I Gede Agus Kurniawan
Jurnal Ilmiah Kebijakan Hukum Vol 17, No 2 (2023): July Edition
Publisher : Law and Human Rights Research and Development Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30641/kebijakan.2023.V17.235-252

Abstract

Regulations regarding the protection of communal intellectual property in Indonesia are currently scattered in various regulations that are not explicitly stated in the form of Laws, and do not regulate benefit-sharing comprehensively. The purpose of this research is to elaborate on a protection strengthening model of Communal Intellectual Property based on the transplantation of policy content related to works of tradition, culture, custom, traditional knowledge, genetic resources and potential geographical indications from various existing legal policies and other sources both locally, nationally and internationally into the legal form of a Law, as well as a benefit-sharing regulation mechanism related to the commercial use of Communal Intellectual Property. The research method used is normative legal research with statutory, comparative, conceptual and analytical approaches. The results of the research showed that the current policy regarding Communal Intellectual Property in Indonesia is still in the hierarchy of Regulations of the Minister of Law and Human Rights and Government Regulations, namely Permenkumham 13/2017 and PP 56 of 2022. Several articles in the provisions of statutory regulations on Intellectual Property in Indonesia have regulated Communal Intellectual Property, but its nature is still very general. For stronger protection and legal certainty it is very urgent to regulate the protection policy in the form of a Law through a transplantation model of the substance of existing legal products related to Communal Intellectual Property, as well as strengthening of policy content including benefit-sharing in relation to the commercial use of Communal Intellectual Property.
ASAS KONSENSUALISME DALAM PROSES CHECKOUT PADA JUAL BELI SECARA ONLINE DI MARKETPLACE Yanti, Ni Kadek Cantika Siska; Samsithawrati, Putu Aras
Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11 No 12 (2023)
Publisher : Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Artikel ditujukan untuk menganalisis keberadaan asas konsensualisme dalam proses checkout pada jual beli secara online di marketplace serta bagaimana akibat hukum yang didapatkan bagi pihak-phak yang melanggar asas konsensualisme tersebut. Penelitian ini dirampungkan dengan metode penelitian normatif, dimana yang menjadi kajiannya adalah aspek-aspek hukum positif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kepustakaan. Kemudian, hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa saat ini perkembangan teknologi terbilang sangat pesat hingga dapat melahirkan banyak sekali inovasi baru salah satunya adalah prosesi jual beli secara online yang dilakukan di marketplace. Jual beli secara online ini memiliki sistematika yang tidak jauh berbeda dibandingkan jual beli secara langsung. Hanya saja yang membedakannya adalah proses yang dilakukan tanpa melalui tatap muka. Salah satu tahapan penting yang terjadi ketika melakukan pembelian secara online adalah checkout yang mana tahap tersebut bertujuan untuk memastikan kembali barang yang akan dibeli pembeli. Setelah semua dirinci dengan benar oleh system, maka pembeli akan melakukan pembayaran dan checkout dan hal tersebut secara langsung sudah menimbulkan kesepakatan antara para pihak. Kesepakatan ini menjadi bentuk keberadaan asas konsensualisme dalam jual beli secara online di marketplace sebagaimana pada ketentuan Pasal 1458 KUHPerdata. Selanjutnya diketahui bahwasanya kesepakatan yang timbul sudah menjadi hak serta kewajiban bagi para pihak, sehingga apabila terdapat salah satu pihak mengingkari kesepakatan tersebut, terdapat akibat hukum yang timbul didalamnya. Kata Kunci: Checkout, Asas Konsensualisme, Akibat Hukum, Marketplace ABSTRACT This article aims to analyze the principle of consensualism in the credit process in the purchase and sale market and the legal consequences for those who violate the principle of consensualism. This research was completed using normative research methods, which resulted in the study of good legal practices using a literature approach. Then, the results of this study show the speed of technological development that can give birth to many new things, one of which is the process of buying and selling on the Internet that is done in the market. Buying and selling online is a system that is not very different from direct buying and selling. In contrast, the process is done without face-to-face contact. One of the most important stages that occur when buying an online store is the checkout, where it is expected to confirm what the customer is going to buy. After everything is correctly specified by the system, the customer will pay and confirm and this will immediately result in a contract between the parties. This agreement is an expression of the principle of consensualism in the sale and purchase in the market as regulated in Article 1458 of the Civil Code. In addition, it is known that the existing contract becomes the rights and obligations of the parties, so if one party breaks the contract, legal consequences will arise. Key Words: Checkout, Consensus, Legal Consequences, Marketplace
KEABSAHAN DAN KLAUSUL PENTING DALAM PERJANJIAN KERJASAMA BRAND AMBASSADOR DENGAN PERUSAHAAN PRODUK KECANTIKAN Aryani, Ni Luh Irma; Samsithawrati, Putu Aras
Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol 12 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum

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ABSTRAK Penulisan jurnal ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui secara mendalam mengenai syarat sahnya perjanjian kerjasama antara Brand Ambassador dengan Perusahaan produk kecantikan serta mengetahui klausul hukum yang penting untuk dicantumkan dalam perjanjian kerjasama tersebut. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam jurnal ini yaitu penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, analitikal, dan konseptual. Perjanjian antara Brand Ambassador dengan Perusahaan produk kecantikan tentu harus berpedoman pada Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata mengenai syarat sahnya perjanjian yaitu: kesepakatan para pihak, kecakapan para pihak untuk membuat perjanjian, suatu pokok persoalan tertentu, dan suatu sebab yang tidak terlarang. Tidak terpenuhinya kesepakatan dan kecakapan yang merupakan syarat subjektif berakibat pada dapat dibatalkannya perjanjian tersebut, sedangkan tidak terpenuhinya suatu pokok persoalan tertentu dan suatu sebab yang tidak terlarang sebagai syarat objektif berakibat pada perjanjian tersebut menjadi batal demi hukum. Perjanjian kerjasama Brand Ambassador dengan Perusahaan produk kecantikan disamping penting untuk memenuhi syarat sahnya suatu perjanjian juga harus memuat beberapa klausul penting seperti: identitas para pihak, definisi, waktu kerjasama, larangan untuk mempromosikan produk sejenis dari brand lain manakala kontrak kerjasamanya eksklusif, hak dan kewajiban para pihak terkait promosi produk kecantikan, wanprestasi, force majeure, penggunaan Kekayaan Intelektual terkait konten promosi dan penyelesaian sengketa. Kata Kunci : Perjanjian, Brand Ambassador, Perusahaan Produk Kecantikan, Klausul Penting. ABSTRACT The aim of writing this journal is to find out in depth about the legal conditions for a collaboration agreement between a Brand Ambassador and a beauty product company and to find out the legal clauses that are important to include in the collaboration agreement. The type of research used in this journal is normative legal research with statutory, analytical and conceptual approaches. The agreement between a Brand Ambassador and a beauty product company must of course be guided by Article 1320 of the Civil Code regarding the conditions for the validity of the agreement, namely: agreement between the parties, the ability of the parties to make an agreement, a certain subject matter, and a cause that is not prohibited. Failure to fulfill the agreement and skills which are subjective requirements can result in the agreement being cancelled, while failure to fulfill a particular subject matter and a cause which is not prohibited as an objective requirement results in the agreement becoming null and void. A Brand Ambassador collaboration agreement with a beauty product company, besides being important to fulfill the legal requirements of an agreement, must also contain several important clauses such as: identity of the parties, definition, time of collaboration, prohibition on promoting similar products from other brands when the collaboration contract is exclusive, rights and obligations of the parties. parties related to promotion of beauty products, default, force majeure, use of Intellectual Property related to promotional content and dispute resolution. Key Words : Agreement, Brand Ambassador, Beauty Products Company, Important Clause
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM PRODUK SKINCARE MELALUI PENGGUNAAN MEREK HOLOGRAM: PERSPEKTIF KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL Permatasari, Putu Ayu Intan Widya; Samsithawrati, Putu Aras
Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11 No 08 (2023)
Publisher : Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum

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Abstract

The purpose of this research is to understand and analyze the functions of brands, especially hologram brands, particularly in the skincare product context, from the perspective of intellectual property and the legal steps involved in the first-to-file registration system to protect skincare products in relation to the use of hologram brands from an intellectual property perspective. The research method used is normative legal research with legislative, conceptual, and analytical approaches. The results of the research indicate that the function of brands, especially hologram brands in connection with skincare products from an intellectual property perspective, is to distinguish goods produced by one company from similar goods produced by other companies. Specifically, hologram brands have a more specific function where optical information forms an image or scene. Holograms represent the latest form of information storage. Referring to the legal protection system for brands, which is the first-to-file system, the legal step of brand registration is mandatory to protect skincare products concerning the use of hologram brands from an intellectual property perspective.
Pengaturan Hukum dan Mekanisme Penerapan Asas Proporsionalitas Dalam Perjanjian Waralaba (Franchise) Angel, Shara Mariyanti; Samsithawrati, Putu Aras
Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11 No 7 (2023)
Publisher : Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum

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Abstract

Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengelaborasi pengaturan hukum perjanjian waralaba yang ada di Indonesia berserta upaya perlindungan hukum perjanjian waralaba (franchise) melalui mekanisme penerapan asas proposionalitas. Penelitian ini memakai penelitian hukum normatif serta memakai pendekatan konsep, analitikal, dan perundang-undangan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menghasilkan pengaturan hukum perjanjian waralaba di Indonesia ditemukan dalam KUHPerdata, PP 42/2007, dan Permendag 71/2019. Dalam Pasal 1338 ayat (1) KUHPerdata menjelaskan semua perjanjian yang dihasilkan secara sah dapat menjadi undang-undang bagi mereka yang membuatnya, Dalam Pasal 4 PP 42/2007 menjelaskan bahwa, Waralaba dilakukan beralaskan perjanjian tertulis antara Pemberi Waralaba kepada Penerima Waralaba dengan menyimak hukum Indonesia. Dalam Pasal 6 Permendag 71/2019 menjelaskan bahwa pengurusan Waralaba patut dialaskan pada Perjanjian Waralaba yang telah dibuat antara para pihak dan memiliki kedudukan hukum yang setara serta terhadap mereka berlaku hukum Indonesia. Lebih lanjut, agar tercapai keadilan bagi semua pihak yang terlibat, maka perjanjian waralaba harus didasari dengan saling bertukarnya wewenang-kewajiban secara proporsionalitas dalam membentuk perjanjian. Mekanismenya yaitu pemberi waralaba memberikan keterangan tertulis yaitu Prospektus Penawaran Waralaba sesuai dengan ketentuan Pasal 1 Angka 7 Permendag 71/2019 kemudian diikuti dengan STPW sebagai bukti pendaftaraan kepada para pihak sebagai pemenuhan syarat pendaftaran. Mekanisme tersebut dapat dilakukan melaui Perizinan Berusaha Terintegrasi Secara Elektronik atau Online Single Submission.
PENGATURAN KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL SEBAGAI JAMINAN KREDIT UNTUK MENUNJANG EKONOMI KREATIF: PERSPEKTIF PENDAFTARAN KARYA DAN VALUASI Maheswari, Ni Kadek Ratih; Samsithawrati, Putu Aras
Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol 12 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum

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ABSTRAK Peran kekayaan intelektual sangatlah esensial dalam perkembangan ekonomi kreatif sebagai tumpuan perekonomian nasional. Hal ini diwujudkan dalam kekayaan intelektual yang menjadi basis dari ekonomi kreatif untuk mengajukan pembiayaan. Penelitian ini berupa penelitian normatif melalui pendekatan undang-undang dan komparatif. Penelitian menunjukkan skema pembiayaan ekonomi kreatif berbasis kekayaan intelektual diatur secara khusus dalam PP 24/2022. Berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan terkait dengan jenis kekayaan intelektual, hanya kekayaan intelektual berupa hak cipta dan paten saja yang dapat menjadi objek jaminan fidusia. Kekayaan intelektual wajib untuk dicatatkan atau memperoleh sertifikat kekayaan intelektual untuk dijadikan objek jaminan utang sebagai salah satu persyaratan. Untuk mendapatkan pembiayaan, kekayaan intelektual harus divaluasi oleh lembaga keuangan dan/atau menunjuk sekelompok panel penilai. Namun, Pasal 12 PP 24/2022 hanya menyebutkan pendekatan untuk menilai aset kekayaan intelektual tanpa menetapkan standar valuasi yang harus diikuti oleh penilai untuk menentukan nilai ekonomi dari aset kekayaan intelektual, sehingga terdapat kekaburan norma yang membuat PP 24/2022 sulit untuk diimplementasikan. International Valuation Standard Council menetapkan tiga pendekatan sebagai standar penilaian kekayaan intelektual, yakni pendekatan pasar, pendekatan pendapatan, dan pendekatan biaya. Setiap pendekatan ini disesuaikan penggunaannya dalam berbagai kondisi serta menggunakan beberapa metode dan langkah-langkah tertentu. Standar penilaian kekayaan intelektual di Indonesia sebaiknya disusun menggunakan prinsip-prinsip umum dengan tujuan yang jelas untuk kepentingan publik mengingat sifat dinamis dan uniknya karakteristik dari kekayaan intelektual. Kata Kunci: Kekayaan Intelektual, Jaminan Kredit, Ekonomi Kreatif, Pendaftaran Karya, Valuasi ABSTRACT The role of intellectual property us essential in the development of the creative economy as a pillar of the national economy. This is manifested in the intellectual property that serves as the foundation of the creative economy to apply for financing. This research takes the form of normative research through statutory and comparative approaches. The results show the intellectual property-based creative economy financing scheme is specifically regulated in PP 24/2022. Based on regulations relating to types of intellectual property, only intellectual property in the form of copyrights and patents can be the object of fiduciary guarantees. Intellectual property must be registered or obtain an intellectual property certificate to be used as an object of debt collateral among other provisions. To obtain financing, financial institutions must carry out a valuation of intellectual property assets. However, Article 12 of the Creative Economy PP only mentions the approach to assessing intellectual property assets without setting valuation standards that appraisers must follow, accordingly there is blurring of norms which makes PP 24/2022 difficult to implement. The International Valuation Standard Council establishes three approaches as standards for intellectual property valuation, namely the market approach, income approach and cost approach. Intellectual property valuation standards in Indonesia should be constructed using general principles with clear objectives for public interest considering the dynamic nature and unique characteristics of intellectual property. Key Words: Intellectual Property, Credit Guarantee, Creative Economy, Works Registration, Valuation
Quo Vadis Traditional Cultural Expressions Protection: Threats from Personal Intellectual Property and Artificial Intelligence Dharmawan, Ni Ketut Supasti; Kasih, Desak Putu Dewi; Samsithawrati, Putu Aras; Dwijayanthi, Putri Triari; Salain, Made Suksma Prijandhini Devi; Mahaswari, Mirah; Ustriyana, Made Grazia; Moisa, Robert Vaisile
LAW REFORM Vol 19, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : PROGRAM STUDI MAGISTER ILMU HUKUM FAKULTAS HUKUM UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO SEMARANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/lr.v19i2.58639

Abstract

Legal certainty for Communal Intellectual Property protection on the inventory and record-keeping arrangements in terms of ownership proof in Indonesia, has increasingly been regulated in various regulations. However, threats are also growing. Traditional Cultural expression works are easily turned into personal video works. Along with that, such works are also vulnerable as those are easily threatened by Artificial intelligence’s ability to express works made from previous works of art such as paintings. This article aims to analyze Traditional Cultural Expressions protection which are transformed or adapted into personal works or works made by Artificial Intelligence and the measures to overcome these threats. The results show that referring to Government Regulation 56/2022, the commercial use of Traditional Cultural Expressions works both in the form of adaptation and transformation by individual humans and Artificial Intelligence is required to obtain a permit and pay attention to the distribution of benefits which will further be determined by the Minister. However, regulations on this mechanism has not been explicitly regulated. Measures to overcome threats can be made through measures to turn threats into opportunities and strengths. It is also relevant to prioritize countervailing measures, namely by following the pattern of threats as a balancing act.
Artificial Intelligence dan Kreatifitas Digital: Subyek Hukum dan Sarananya Dalam Perspektif Kekayaan Intelektual Samsithawrati, Putu Aras
Kertha Patrika Vol 45 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/KP.2023.v45.i03.p03

Abstract

This article aims to analyze legal protection of creative works created by Artificial Intelligence (AI) from the perspective of Intellectual Property (IP) Law and future construction of IP law regarding works produced by AI. This article uses normative legal research methods with statutory, conceptual and analytical approaches. The results show that in the first pattern, creative work involves AI only as a supporting tool and humans take a full share in the production process of the work, then the work can be protected by IP law as long as it meets the legal object and subject checks based on statutory IP regulations. In the second pattern, if the creative work in the IP field is created entirely by AI then the work cannot be given legal protection in the IP realm because it can be interpreted that AI is the creator/inventor/designer and not humans. In this second pattern, although the object check is fulfilled, the legal subject check is not fulfilled because in general the IP laws and regulations in Indonesia stipulate that the legal subject must be a human and not AI. In the future, existing legislation in the field of IP needs to include several basic provisions such as (1) works that receive protection in the realm of IP are works produced by humans where the legal subject is humans and not AI; and (2) the use of AI as technology is to bring maximum benefits to human life and not actually harm or even shift human existence.
Legal Protection for Intellectual Property Holders in Business Activities in The Era of The Industrial Revolution 4.0 Kurniawan, I Gede Agus; Aras Samsithawrati, Putu; Dharmawan, Ni Ketut Supasti
Jurisprudentie: Jurusan Ilmu Hukum Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Vol 11 No 1 (2024): Volume 11 Nomor 1 Juni 2024
Publisher : Jurusan Ilmu Hukum Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum uin alauddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/jurisprudentie.v11i1.48076

Abstract

The Industrial Revolution 4.0 brings new challenges in the protection of intellectual property rights (IPR) for business activities, such as the increased potential for IPR violations through massive digital dissemination, cross-border infringements, and the need for regulatory adjustments to accommodate the latest technological developments. Efforts to protect IPR in the digital era require more effective law enforcement, strong international cooperation, increased public awareness, and the availability of competent human resources in the field of IPR. The aim of this study is to analyze the legal protection for intellectual property rights holders in business activities during the Industrial Revolution 4.0 and to identify the challenges faced in these legal protection efforts. This research is normative legal research using a statute approach and a conceptual approach to examine primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials related to the protection of intellectual property rights in business activities during the Industrial Revolution 4.0. Data collection techniques are carried out through literature studies and qualitative data analysis to understand legal concepts, identify problems, and find solutions in the legal protection of intellectual property rights holders. The results of the study show that the legal protection for intellectual property rights (IPR) holders in business activities during the Industrial Revolution 4.0 is regulated by various laws in Indonesia, such as the Copyright Law, Trademark Law, Patent Law, and Trade Secrets Law. Although there is already a legal framework, IPR protection in the digital era faces new challenges such as digital infringement, trade secret theft through illegal access, and online trademark and patent violations. The government has taken steps such as the enactment of the Information and Electronic Transactions Law (ITE Law), the establishment of the Directorate General of Intellectual Property (DJKI), and the signing of international agreements related to IPR. However, comprehensive efforts are needed from the government, businesses, and the public through regulatory improvements, law enforcement, socialization, IPR registration, information system security, monitoring, and international cooperation to effectively protect IPR. The main challenges include rapid technological development, cross-border violations, lack of public understanding, limited competent human resources, and still less effective law enforcement.