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All Journal Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum Buletin Udayana Mengabdi JURNAL MAGISTER HUKUM UDAYANA Masalah-Masalah Hukum LAW REFORM Arena Hukum Jurisprudentie Sriwijaya Law Review Hasanuddin Law Review Jurnal Ius Constituendum Jambe Law Journal Jurnal Jatiswara Negara Hukum: Membangun Hukum untuk Keadilan dan Kesejahteraan Kosmik Hukum JURNAL PEMBANGUNAN HUKUM INDONESIA Jurnal Suara Hukum Udayana Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (UJoSSH) Jurnal Analisis Hukum Indonesia Private Law Review Batulis Civil Law Review Jurnal Media Akademik (JMA) Lex Scientia Law Review Jurnal Pengabdian Hukum Indonesia Indonesian State Law Review (ISLRev) Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies Unnes Law Journal : Jurnal Hukum Universitas Negeri Semarang
Putu Aras Samsithawrati
Fakultas Hukum Universitas Udayana
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Perlindungan Seni Menghidangkan Makanan dan Karya Turunannya Berbasis Teknologi: Perspektif Hak Cipta Putu Aras Samsithawrati; Ni Ketut Supasti Dharmawan; Putri Triari Dwijayanthi; Anak Agung Istri Eka Krisnayanti; Dewa Ayu Dian Sawitri
Jurnal Analisis Hukum Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38043/jah.v6i1.4159

Abstract

Abstract This article aims to analyze the categorization of the food plating art as art in the context of copyright protection and the protection of photography and video works upon the food presentation. This article uses normative research method with conceptual, statutory and comparative approaches. The results show that the food plating art cannot be categorized as a work of art that is protected under copyright because the elements of copyright protection that are interrelated to each other have not been fully fulfilled, such as the fixation requirement which is not successfully fulfilled. The food plating art is impermanent because it is easily destroyed and will not exist after being eaten (perishable in nature) because the art is meant to be eaten. Thus, the element of “should be embodied in real form” are very difficult to fulfill. The food plating art cannot yet be considered copyrighted art. However, derivatives of the food plating art in the form of photographic and cinematographic works on the food plating art can be copyrighted as works of Food Art Photography and Food Art Cinematography. Therefore, the creator has exclusive rights in the form of moral rights and economic rights, while the copyright holder can enjoy exclusive rights in the form of economic rights over the photographic and cinematographic works. Keywords: Food plating art, Copyright, Derivative Work, Technology Abstrak Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengkategorian seni menghidangkan makanan sebagai seni dalam konteks perlindungan Hak Cipta serta perlindungannya terhadap karya fotografi dan video terhadap keberadaan hidangan makanan. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual, perundang-undangan dan perbandingan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seni menghidangkan makanan tidak dapat dikategoritisasikan sebagai karya seni yang dilindungi Hak Cipta karena belum terpenuhinya secara utuh unsur-unsur perlindungan hak cipta yang saling berkaitan satu sama lain, seperti syarat fixation yang tidak terpenuhi. Karya seni menghidangkan makanan sifatnya memang tidak permanen karena mudah dihancurkan dan akan tidak eksis setelah dimakan, karena sifat seni penyajiannya memang untuk dimakan. Dengan demikian, unsur diwujudkan dalam bentuk nyata sangat sulit dipenuhi. Seni menghidangkan makanan belum dapat dianggap sebagai seni yang dilindungi hak cipta. Namun demikian, turunan dari seni menghidangkan makanan tersebut dalam wujud karya fotografi dan sinematografi atas seni menghidangkan makanan dapat dilindungi hak cipta sebagai karya Food Art Photography dan Food art cinematography, sehingga penciptanya memiliki hak ekslusif berupa hak moral dan hak ekonomi, sedangkan pemegang hak cipta dapat menikmati hak eksklusif berupa hak ekonomi atas karya fotografi dan sinematografi tersebut. Kata kunci: Seni menghidangkan makanan, Hak Cipta, Karya Turunan, Teknologi
ASAS KONSENSUALISME DALAM PROSES CHECKOUT PADA JUAL BELI SECARA ONLINE DI MARKETPLACE Yanti, Ni Kadek Cantika Siska; Samsithawrati, Putu Aras
Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11 No 12 (2023)
Publisher : Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Artikel ditujukan untuk menganalisis keberadaan asas konsensualisme dalam proses checkout pada jual beli secara online di marketplace serta bagaimana akibat hukum yang didapatkan bagi pihak-phak yang melanggar asas konsensualisme tersebut. Penelitian ini dirampungkan dengan metode penelitian normatif, dimana yang menjadi kajiannya adalah aspek-aspek hukum positif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kepustakaan. Kemudian, hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa saat ini perkembangan teknologi terbilang sangat pesat hingga dapat melahirkan banyak sekali inovasi baru salah satunya adalah prosesi jual beli secara online yang dilakukan di marketplace. Jual beli secara online ini memiliki sistematika yang tidak jauh berbeda dibandingkan jual beli secara langsung. Hanya saja yang membedakannya adalah proses yang dilakukan tanpa melalui tatap muka. Salah satu tahapan penting yang terjadi ketika melakukan pembelian secara online adalah checkout yang mana tahap tersebut bertujuan untuk memastikan kembali barang yang akan dibeli pembeli. Setelah semua dirinci dengan benar oleh system, maka pembeli akan melakukan pembayaran dan checkout dan hal tersebut secara langsung sudah menimbulkan kesepakatan antara para pihak. Kesepakatan ini menjadi bentuk keberadaan asas konsensualisme dalam jual beli secara online di marketplace sebagaimana pada ketentuan Pasal 1458 KUHPerdata. Selanjutnya diketahui bahwasanya kesepakatan yang timbul sudah menjadi hak serta kewajiban bagi para pihak, sehingga apabila terdapat salah satu pihak mengingkari kesepakatan tersebut, terdapat akibat hukum yang timbul didalamnya. Kata Kunci: Checkout, Asas Konsensualisme, Akibat Hukum, Marketplace ABSTRACT This article aims to analyze the principle of consensualism in the credit process in the purchase and sale market and the legal consequences for those who violate the principle of consensualism. This research was completed using normative research methods, which resulted in the study of good legal practices using a literature approach. Then, the results of this study show the speed of technological development that can give birth to many new things, one of which is the process of buying and selling on the Internet that is done in the market. Buying and selling online is a system that is not very different from direct buying and selling. In contrast, the process is done without face-to-face contact. One of the most important stages that occur when buying an online store is the checkout, where it is expected to confirm what the customer is going to buy. After everything is correctly specified by the system, the customer will pay and confirm and this will immediately result in a contract between the parties. This agreement is an expression of the principle of consensualism in the sale and purchase in the market as regulated in Article 1458 of the Civil Code. In addition, it is known that the existing contract becomes the rights and obligations of the parties, so if one party breaks the contract, legal consequences will arise. Key Words: Checkout, Consensus, Legal Consequences, Marketplace
KEABSAHAN DAN KLAUSUL PENTING DALAM PERJANJIAN KERJASAMA BRAND AMBASSADOR DENGAN PERUSAHAAN PRODUK KECANTIKAN Aryani, Ni Luh Irma; Samsithawrati, Putu Aras
Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol 12 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum

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ABSTRAK Penulisan jurnal ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui secara mendalam mengenai syarat sahnya perjanjian kerjasama antara Brand Ambassador dengan Perusahaan produk kecantikan serta mengetahui klausul hukum yang penting untuk dicantumkan dalam perjanjian kerjasama tersebut. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam jurnal ini yaitu penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, analitikal, dan konseptual. Perjanjian antara Brand Ambassador dengan Perusahaan produk kecantikan tentu harus berpedoman pada Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata mengenai syarat sahnya perjanjian yaitu: kesepakatan para pihak, kecakapan para pihak untuk membuat perjanjian, suatu pokok persoalan tertentu, dan suatu sebab yang tidak terlarang. Tidak terpenuhinya kesepakatan dan kecakapan yang merupakan syarat subjektif berakibat pada dapat dibatalkannya perjanjian tersebut, sedangkan tidak terpenuhinya suatu pokok persoalan tertentu dan suatu sebab yang tidak terlarang sebagai syarat objektif berakibat pada perjanjian tersebut menjadi batal demi hukum. Perjanjian kerjasama Brand Ambassador dengan Perusahaan produk kecantikan disamping penting untuk memenuhi syarat sahnya suatu perjanjian juga harus memuat beberapa klausul penting seperti: identitas para pihak, definisi, waktu kerjasama, larangan untuk mempromosikan produk sejenis dari brand lain manakala kontrak kerjasamanya eksklusif, hak dan kewajiban para pihak terkait promosi produk kecantikan, wanprestasi, force majeure, penggunaan Kekayaan Intelektual terkait konten promosi dan penyelesaian sengketa. Kata Kunci : Perjanjian, Brand Ambassador, Perusahaan Produk Kecantikan, Klausul Penting. ABSTRACT The aim of writing this journal is to find out in depth about the legal conditions for a collaboration agreement between a Brand Ambassador and a beauty product company and to find out the legal clauses that are important to include in the collaboration agreement. The type of research used in this journal is normative legal research with statutory, analytical and conceptual approaches. The agreement between a Brand Ambassador and a beauty product company must of course be guided by Article 1320 of the Civil Code regarding the conditions for the validity of the agreement, namely: agreement between the parties, the ability of the parties to make an agreement, a certain subject matter, and a cause that is not prohibited. Failure to fulfill the agreement and skills which are subjective requirements can result in the agreement being cancelled, while failure to fulfill a particular subject matter and a cause which is not prohibited as an objective requirement results in the agreement becoming null and void. A Brand Ambassador collaboration agreement with a beauty product company, besides being important to fulfill the legal requirements of an agreement, must also contain several important clauses such as: identity of the parties, definition, time of collaboration, prohibition on promoting similar products from other brands when the collaboration contract is exclusive, rights and obligations of the parties. parties related to promotion of beauty products, default, force majeure, use of Intellectual Property related to promotional content and dispute resolution. Key Words : Agreement, Brand Ambassador, Beauty Products Company, Important Clause
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM PRODUK SKINCARE MELALUI PENGGUNAAN MEREK HOLOGRAM: PERSPEKTIF KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL Permatasari, Putu Ayu Intan Widya; Samsithawrati, Putu Aras
Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11 No 08 (2023)
Publisher : Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum

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The purpose of this research is to understand and analyze the functions of brands, especially hologram brands, particularly in the skincare product context, from the perspective of intellectual property and the legal steps involved in the first-to-file registration system to protect skincare products in relation to the use of hologram brands from an intellectual property perspective. The research method used is normative legal research with legislative, conceptual, and analytical approaches. The results of the research indicate that the function of brands, especially hologram brands in connection with skincare products from an intellectual property perspective, is to distinguish goods produced by one company from similar goods produced by other companies. Specifically, hologram brands have a more specific function where optical information forms an image or scene. Holograms represent the latest form of information storage. Referring to the legal protection system for brands, which is the first-to-file system, the legal step of brand registration is mandatory to protect skincare products concerning the use of hologram brands from an intellectual property perspective.
Pengaturan Hukum dan Mekanisme Penerapan Asas Proporsionalitas Dalam Perjanjian Waralaba (Franchise) Angel, Shara Mariyanti; Samsithawrati, Putu Aras
Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11 No 7 (2023)
Publisher : Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum

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Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengelaborasi pengaturan hukum perjanjian waralaba yang ada di Indonesia berserta upaya perlindungan hukum perjanjian waralaba (franchise) melalui mekanisme penerapan asas proposionalitas. Penelitian ini memakai penelitian hukum normatif serta memakai pendekatan konsep, analitikal, dan perundang-undangan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menghasilkan pengaturan hukum perjanjian waralaba di Indonesia ditemukan dalam KUHPerdata, PP 42/2007, dan Permendag 71/2019. Dalam Pasal 1338 ayat (1) KUHPerdata menjelaskan semua perjanjian yang dihasilkan secara sah dapat menjadi undang-undang bagi mereka yang membuatnya, Dalam Pasal 4 PP 42/2007 menjelaskan bahwa, Waralaba dilakukan beralaskan perjanjian tertulis antara Pemberi Waralaba kepada Penerima Waralaba dengan menyimak hukum Indonesia. Dalam Pasal 6 Permendag 71/2019 menjelaskan bahwa pengurusan Waralaba patut dialaskan pada Perjanjian Waralaba yang telah dibuat antara para pihak dan memiliki kedudukan hukum yang setara serta terhadap mereka berlaku hukum Indonesia. Lebih lanjut, agar tercapai keadilan bagi semua pihak yang terlibat, maka perjanjian waralaba harus didasari dengan saling bertukarnya wewenang-kewajiban secara proporsionalitas dalam membentuk perjanjian. Mekanismenya yaitu pemberi waralaba memberikan keterangan tertulis yaitu Prospektus Penawaran Waralaba sesuai dengan ketentuan Pasal 1 Angka 7 Permendag 71/2019 kemudian diikuti dengan STPW sebagai bukti pendaftaraan kepada para pihak sebagai pemenuhan syarat pendaftaran. Mekanisme tersebut dapat dilakukan melaui Perizinan Berusaha Terintegrasi Secara Elektronik atau Online Single Submission.
PENGATURAN KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL SEBAGAI JAMINAN KREDIT UNTUK MENUNJANG EKONOMI KREATIF: PERSPEKTIF PENDAFTARAN KARYA DAN VALUASI Maheswari, Ni Kadek Ratih; Samsithawrati, Putu Aras
Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol 12 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Peran kekayaan intelektual sangatlah esensial dalam perkembangan ekonomi kreatif sebagai tumpuan perekonomian nasional. Hal ini diwujudkan dalam kekayaan intelektual yang menjadi basis dari ekonomi kreatif untuk mengajukan pembiayaan. Penelitian ini berupa penelitian normatif melalui pendekatan undang-undang dan komparatif. Penelitian menunjukkan skema pembiayaan ekonomi kreatif berbasis kekayaan intelektual diatur secara khusus dalam PP 24/2022. Berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan terkait dengan jenis kekayaan intelektual, hanya kekayaan intelektual berupa hak cipta dan paten saja yang dapat menjadi objek jaminan fidusia. Kekayaan intelektual wajib untuk dicatatkan atau memperoleh sertifikat kekayaan intelektual untuk dijadikan objek jaminan utang sebagai salah satu persyaratan. Untuk mendapatkan pembiayaan, kekayaan intelektual harus divaluasi oleh lembaga keuangan dan/atau menunjuk sekelompok panel penilai. Namun, Pasal 12 PP 24/2022 hanya menyebutkan pendekatan untuk menilai aset kekayaan intelektual tanpa menetapkan standar valuasi yang harus diikuti oleh penilai untuk menentukan nilai ekonomi dari aset kekayaan intelektual, sehingga terdapat kekaburan norma yang membuat PP 24/2022 sulit untuk diimplementasikan. International Valuation Standard Council menetapkan tiga pendekatan sebagai standar penilaian kekayaan intelektual, yakni pendekatan pasar, pendekatan pendapatan, dan pendekatan biaya. Setiap pendekatan ini disesuaikan penggunaannya dalam berbagai kondisi serta menggunakan beberapa metode dan langkah-langkah tertentu. Standar penilaian kekayaan intelektual di Indonesia sebaiknya disusun menggunakan prinsip-prinsip umum dengan tujuan yang jelas untuk kepentingan publik mengingat sifat dinamis dan uniknya karakteristik dari kekayaan intelektual. Kata Kunci: Kekayaan Intelektual, Jaminan Kredit, Ekonomi Kreatif, Pendaftaran Karya, Valuasi ABSTRACT The role of intellectual property us essential in the development of the creative economy as a pillar of the national economy. This is manifested in the intellectual property that serves as the foundation of the creative economy to apply for financing. This research takes the form of normative research through statutory and comparative approaches. The results show the intellectual property-based creative economy financing scheme is specifically regulated in PP 24/2022. Based on regulations relating to types of intellectual property, only intellectual property in the form of copyrights and patents can be the object of fiduciary guarantees. Intellectual property must be registered or obtain an intellectual property certificate to be used as an object of debt collateral among other provisions. To obtain financing, financial institutions must carry out a valuation of intellectual property assets. However, Article 12 of the Creative Economy PP only mentions the approach to assessing intellectual property assets without setting valuation standards that appraisers must follow, accordingly there is blurring of norms which makes PP 24/2022 difficult to implement. The International Valuation Standard Council establishes three approaches as standards for intellectual property valuation, namely the market approach, income approach and cost approach. Intellectual property valuation standards in Indonesia should be constructed using general principles with clear objectives for public interest considering the dynamic nature and unique characteristics of intellectual property. Key Words: Intellectual Property, Credit Guarantee, Creative Economy, Works Registration, Valuation
Quo Vadis Traditional Cultural Expressions Protection: Threats from Personal Intellectual Property and Artificial Intelligence Dharmawan, Ni Ketut Supasti; Kasih, Desak Putu Dewi; Samsithawrati, Putu Aras; Dwijayanthi, Putri Triari; Salain, Made Suksma Prijandhini Devi; Mahaswari, Mirah; Ustriyana, Made Grazia; Moisa, Robert Vaisile
LAW REFORM Vol 19, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : PROGRAM STUDI MAGISTER ILMU HUKUM FAKULTAS HUKUM UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO SEMARANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/lr.v19i2.58639

Abstract

Legal certainty for Communal Intellectual Property protection on the inventory and record-keeping arrangements in terms of ownership proof in Indonesia, has increasingly been regulated in various regulations. However, threats are also growing. Traditional Cultural expression works are easily turned into personal video works. Along with that, such works are also vulnerable as those are easily threatened by Artificial intelligence’s ability to express works made from previous works of art such as paintings. This article aims to analyze Traditional Cultural Expressions protection which are transformed or adapted into personal works or works made by Artificial Intelligence and the measures to overcome these threats. The results show that referring to Government Regulation 56/2022, the commercial use of Traditional Cultural Expressions works both in the form of adaptation and transformation by individual humans and Artificial Intelligence is required to obtain a permit and pay attention to the distribution of benefits which will further be determined by the Minister. However, regulations on this mechanism has not been explicitly regulated. Measures to overcome threats can be made through measures to turn threats into opportunities and strengths. It is also relevant to prioritize countervailing measures, namely by following the pattern of threats as a balancing act.
Legal Protection for Intellectual Property Holders in Business Activities in The Era of The Industrial Revolution 4.0 Kurniawan, I Gede Agus; Aras Samsithawrati, Putu; Dharmawan, Ni Ketut Supasti
Jurisprudentie: Jurusan Ilmu Hukum Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Vol 11 No 1 (2024): Volume 11 Nomor 1 Juni 2024
Publisher : Jurusan Ilmu Hukum Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum uin alauddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/jurisprudentie.v11i1.48076

Abstract

The Industrial Revolution 4.0 brings new challenges in the protection of intellectual property rights (IPR) for business activities, such as the increased potential for IPR violations through massive digital dissemination, cross-border infringements, and the need for regulatory adjustments to accommodate the latest technological developments. Efforts to protect IPR in the digital era require more effective law enforcement, strong international cooperation, increased public awareness, and the availability of competent human resources in the field of IPR. The aim of this study is to analyze the legal protection for intellectual property rights holders in business activities during the Industrial Revolution 4.0 and to identify the challenges faced in these legal protection efforts. This research is normative legal research using a statute approach and a conceptual approach to examine primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials related to the protection of intellectual property rights in business activities during the Industrial Revolution 4.0. Data collection techniques are carried out through literature studies and qualitative data analysis to understand legal concepts, identify problems, and find solutions in the legal protection of intellectual property rights holders. The results of the study show that the legal protection for intellectual property rights (IPR) holders in business activities during the Industrial Revolution 4.0 is regulated by various laws in Indonesia, such as the Copyright Law, Trademark Law, Patent Law, and Trade Secrets Law. Although there is already a legal framework, IPR protection in the digital era faces new challenges such as digital infringement, trade secret theft through illegal access, and online trademark and patent violations. The government has taken steps such as the enactment of the Information and Electronic Transactions Law (ITE Law), the establishment of the Directorate General of Intellectual Property (DJKI), and the signing of international agreements related to IPR. However, comprehensive efforts are needed from the government, businesses, and the public through regulatory improvements, law enforcement, socialization, IPR registration, information system security, monitoring, and international cooperation to effectively protect IPR. The main challenges include rapid technological development, cross-border violations, lack of public understanding, limited competent human resources, and still less effective law enforcement.
Intellectual Property Rights and Ethics: A Comparison of Philosophical Approaches in Northern and Southern Countries I Gede Agus Kurniawan; Putu Aras Samsithawrati; Fradhana Putra Disantara; Briggs Samuel Mawunyo Nutakor; Mac Thi Hoai Thuong
Kosmik Hukum Vol 25, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v25i1.24489

Abstract

The philosophical differences between Northern countries, which adopt utilitarian and libertarian perspectives emphasizing strict Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) protection, and Southern countries, which prioritize distributive justice and universal access, create tensions in implementing global IPR policies, particularly concerning important issues such as access to medicines and technology. This research aims to analyze the influence of philosophical approach differences between Northern and Southern countries on Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) policies and implementation, as well as their ethical implications for public access to knowledge and technology. This research employs normative legal research methods with a conceptual approach, analyzing primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials through literature study, and uses qualitative analysis to interpret the differences in philosophical approaches to IPR policies between Northern and Southern countries along with their ethical implications. The research findings show that philosophical differences between Northern countries, which adopt a utilitarian-libertarian approach with strict IPR protection, and Southern countries, which emphasize distributive justice-collectivism with a more flexible approach, have significant ethical implications for public access to knowledge and technology, as seen in the HIV/AIDS crisis in Africa and access to education, where strict patent policies of Northern countries often hinder developing countries' access to important technology and knowledge, while Southern countries advocate for universal access especially for basic needs such as health and education, creating tension between IPR protection and fulfillment of society's basic needs.
Policies Concerning Sacred And Open Traditional Cultural Expressions: Tourism And Creative Economy In Bali Context Dewi Kasih, Desak Putu; Dharmawan, Ni Ketut Supasti; Samsithawrati, Putu Aras; Dwijayanthi, Putri Triari; Dian Sawitri, Dewa Ayu; Krisna Yanti, A.A. Istri Eka
JATISWARA Vol. 38 No. 1 (2023): Jatiswara
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jtsw.v38i1.475

Abstract

This study aims to elaborate on the policies regarding the protection of TCEs related to creative economy businesses in the tourism sector, and the implementation of these policies in Bali. The study uses a socio-legal research method by using statutes, conceptual, economic, and technological approaches. The study indicated that TCEs are transformed across generations in custodian communities that are not sacred can be categorized as open TCEs and can be developed to support tourism creative economy businesses. Meanwhile, the type of TCEs that are sacred can only be used by the community carrying them for sacred purposes, categorized as closed TCEs. The policies at the international, national, and local levels related to open TCEs have regulated access for it to be developed for creative economy businesses including the tourism sector as well as protection of benefit sharing for the community. Meanwhile, the Indonesia Copyright Law and Provisions on Communal Intellectual Property Data have not accommodated benefit sharing. In Bali, policy related to sacred TCE can be observed through the 2019 Joint Decree on the Strengthening and Protection of Balinese Sacred Dances that prohibits Balinese Sacred Dances from being performed outside of sacred purposes. The implementation of an inventory of the protection of TCEs in Bali has been carried out by the Office of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights of Bali Province in collaboration with the Regional Government in Bali including university, although has not been maximized due to the large variety of cultural expressions in the community.
Co-Authors Anak Agung Ayu Ngurah Sri Rahayu Gorda Anak Agung Istri Ari Atu Dewi Anak Agung Istri Eka Krisnayanti Andrea Louisa Doren Angel, Shara Mariyanti Antonio Gutiérrez-Pozo Antonio Gutiérrez-Pozo Aryani, Ni Luh Irma Briggs Samuel Mawunyo Nutakor Briggs Samuel Mawunyo Nutakor Budiana, I Nyoman D. Tee-anastacio, Princess Alyssa Desak Putu Dewi Kasih Dewa Ayu Dian Sawitri Dinara F. Abdunayimova Disantara, Fradhana Putra Dwijayanthi, Putri Triari Fradhana Putra Disantara Fradhana Putra Disantara Fradhana Putra Disantara Fradhana Putra Disantara Hong, Tan Jian I Dewa Made Anom Jagadhita I Gede Agus Kurniawan I Gede Agus Kurniawan I Gede Agus Kurniawan I Made Sarjana I.N. Bagiastra I.W. Wiryawan Jess lyn Khalid Mustafa Krisna Yanti, A.A. Istri Eka Kurniawati, Ni Kadek Dian Lourenco de Deus Mau Lulo Mac Thi Hoai Thuong Mac Thi Hoai Thuong Made Aditya Pramana Putra Made Suksma Prijandhini Devi Salain Mahaswari, Mirah Maheswari, Ni Kadek Ratih Moisa, Robert Vaisile Musallam Al Awaid Ni Ketut Supasti Dharmawan Ni Komang Krispa tripa Yanti Ni Wayan Nilandari Nutakor, Briggs Samuel Mawunyo Nyoman Satyayudha Dananjaya P.T.C. Landra Palgunadi, Kadek Zalsa Putri Pamia Pretysya, Ni Kadek Maretri Princess Alyssa D. Tee-Anastacio Princess Alyssa Tee-anastacio Putra, Made Aditya Pramana Putri Triari Dwijayanthi Putri Triari Dwijayanthi Putu Ayu Asty Senja Pratiwi Putu Tuni Caka Bawa Landra R. A. Retno Murni Rafika Amalia Sawitri, Dewa Ayu Dian Souad Ahmed Ezzerouali Thuong, Mac Thi Hoai Ustriyana, Made Grazia Widya Ayu Permatasari Yanti, Ni Kadek Cantika Siska