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All Journal Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum Buletin Udayana Mengabdi JURNAL MAGISTER HUKUM UDAYANA Masalah-Masalah Hukum LAW REFORM Arena Hukum Jurisprudentie Sriwijaya Law Review Hasanuddin Law Review Jurnal Ius Constituendum Jambe Law Journal Jurnal Jatiswara Negara Hukum: Membangun Hukum untuk Keadilan dan Kesejahteraan Kosmik Hukum JURNAL PEMBANGUNAN HUKUM INDONESIA Jurnal Suara Hukum Udayana Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (UJoSSH) Jurnal Analisis Hukum Indonesia Private Law Review Batulis Civil Law Review Jurnal Media Akademik (JMA) Lex Scientia Law Review Jurnal Pengabdian Hukum Indonesia Indonesian State Law Review (ISLRev) Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies Unnes Law Journal : Jurnal Hukum Universitas Negeri Semarang
Putu Aras Samsithawrati
Fakultas Hukum Universitas Udayana
Religion Humanities Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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Intellectual Property Rights and Ethics: A Comparison of Philosophical Approaches in Northern and Southern Countries Kurniawan, I Gede Agus; Samsithawrati, Putu Aras; Disantara, Fradhana Putra; Nutakor, Briggs Samuel Mawunyo; Thuong, Mac Thi Hoai
Kosmik Hukum Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v25i1.24489

Abstract

The philosophical differences between Northern countries, which adopt utilitarian and libertarian perspectives emphasizing strict Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) protection, and Southern countries, which prioritize distributive justice and universal access, create tensions in implementing global IPR policies, particularly concerning important issues such as access to medicines and technology. This research aims to analyze the influence of philosophical approach differences between Northern and Southern countries on Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) policies and implementation, as well as their ethical implications for public access to knowledge and technology. This research employs normative legal research methods with a conceptual approach, analyzing primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials through literature study, and uses qualitative analysis to interpret the differences in philosophical approaches to IPR policies between Northern and Southern countries along with their ethical implications. The research findings show that philosophical differences between Northern countries, which adopt a utilitarian-libertarian approach with strict IPR protection, and Southern countries, which emphasize distributive justice-collectivism with a more flexible approach, have significant ethical implications for public access to knowledge and technology, as seen in the HIV/AIDS crisis in Africa and access to education, where strict patent policies of Northern countries often hinder developing countries' access to important technology and knowledge, while Southern countries advocate for universal access especially for basic needs such as health and education, creating tension between IPR protection and fulfillment of society's basic needs.
Utilitarianism Versus Communalism: A Legal Theory Analysis of Intellectual Property Rights Ethics in Global North and South Kurniawan, I Gede Agus; Samsithawrati, Putu Aras; Disantara, Fradhana Putra; Budiana, I Nyoman; Nutakor, Briggs Samuel Mawunyo
Jambe Law Journal Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Jambi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/home.v8i1.450

Abstract

The development of the idea of ​​intellectual property has become a separate debate related to countries in the Global South and countries in the Global North. Global South and Global North are concepts used to distinguish between developed and developing countries in social, economic, and political contexts. This study aims to analyze the views of utilitarianism versus communalism in understanding intellectual property rights in Global North and Global South countries. This study is a normative legal study that prioritizes conceptual, historical, and philosophical approaches. The results of the study confirm that the differences in views between Global North and Global South countries on intellectual property reflect global economic and political inequality. Global North countries support strict intellectual property protection to maintain their economic and technological dominance, while Global South countries want a more flexible system to ensure fair access to technology, medicines, and protection of traditional knowledge. Global North countries see IP protection as a driver of innovation and economic growth, based on the theory of utilitarianism, while Global South countries prioritize the principle of communalism to ensure fair access to technology and knowledge. To achieve balance, inclusive policies, international cooperation in research and development, and integration of communal values ​​in IP policies are needed, in order to create social justice and redistribution of global wealth
The Philosophy of Justice in Business Law: A Comparative Study of Ethical Values in Ghana and Indonesia’s Constitutional Frameworks Kurniawan, I Gede Agus; Putu Aras Samsithawrati; Disantara, Fradhana Putra; Nutakor, Briggs Samuel Mawunyo; Thuong, Mac Thi Hoai
Indonesian State Law Review Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): Indonesian State Law Review, April 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/islrev.v8i1.18111

Abstract

The role of the philosophy of justice in business law as a moral and normative foundation that ensures economic activities are not only oriented towards technical efficiency but also uphold principles of justice such as distributive, commutative, and fairness. The philosophy of justice is closely related to constitutional values because the constitution not only regulates legal norms but also contains ethics and social goals that must be reflected in business regulations. Not only regulates legal norms but also contains ethics and social goals that must be reflected in business regulations. This research aims to analyze the philosophy of justice in business law in relation to the principles and values in the constitution and ethical values of a country, with a legal comparison between Indonesia and Ghana. This research is a normative legal study with a conceptual, comparative legal, and legislative approach. The research findings affirm that a comparative study with Ghana shows that although both countries emphasize the importance of ethical and just economic governance based on constitutional values, their approaches differ. Indonesia has a structured system based on the constitution and the interpretation of the Constitutional Court, whereas Ghana relies on a pluralistic legal framework and sectoral regulations that are not fully integrated with the constitution. This difference highlights the importance of the role of the constitution and the judiciary in realizing fair, transparent, and sustainable business law.
Trademark Registration Incentive Regulation for Small Businesses in Tourism: Human Rights and Protection Systems Comparison Samsithawrati, Putu Aras; Dharmawan, Ni Ketut Supasti; Putra, Made Aditya Pramana; Sawitri, Dewa Ayu Dian; Hong, Tan Jian
Jurnal Suara Hukum Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Suara Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/jsh.v7n2.p488-519

Abstract

This study aims to compare trademark protection systems adopted in Indonesia and Malaysia on exclusive rights to trademarks, especially in the human rights context, and to analyze regulations in both countries in supporting small business in the tourism sector through trademark registration incentives. The normative legal research method is used in this study by using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches with descriptive qualitative analysis. The study reveals that trademarks as intangible property rights and the right to own property can be considered human rights refer to Arts. 27(2) and 17 UDHR. To strengthen trademark protection in human rights and Intellectual Property Rights contexts, Indonesia adopts a first-to-file system where trademark registration is an obligation, because it protects those who file it first, as stipulated in Law No. 20 of 2016. Gianyar as tourism area in Bali-Indonesia has Regent Regulation Number 86 of 2021 that supports small businesses in tourism through trademark registration incentives. Meanwhile, Malaysia adopts a first-to-use trademark protection system stipulated in the Trademark Act 2019.  However, trademark registration is an essential step to ensure business continuity. Both Indonesia and Malaysia governments have at least attempted to play a positive role in supporting the growth of their economies.
PENGATURAN KEGIATAN USAHA EKONOMI LAIN PADA KAWASAN EKONOMI KHUSUS Ni Komang Krispa tripa Yanti; Putu Aras Samsithawrati
Jurnal Media Akademik (JMA) Vol. 3 No. 10 (2025): JURNAL MEDIA AKADEMIK Edisi Oktober
Publisher : PT. Media Akademik Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62281/ct0pct49

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tantangan hukum yang muncul akibat adanya kategori ekonomi lain dalam penyelenggaraan Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus (KEK) dan upaya untuk menegaskan kepastian hukum. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan analitis. Bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier dianalisis secara deskriptif-preskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kategori “ekonomi lain” bersifat norma terbuka, sehingga menimbulkan potensi ketidakpastian hukum yang dapat memengaruhi iklim investasi, pengelolaan KEK, dan harmonisasi regulasi sektoral. Lebih lanjut hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pembentukan parameter normatif yang jelas bagi pihak pengelola KEK, mencakup kesesuaian dengan tujuan KEK, rencana tata ruang dan lokasi, konsistensi dengan prinsip hukum dan regulasi sektoral, serta kelayakan ekonomi dan nilai tambah kegiatan usaha, menjadi langkah strategis untuk memastikan kepastian hukum dan efektivitas pelaksanaan KEK. Dengan adanya parameter tersebut, KEK dapat berfungsi optimal sebagai instrumen untuk mendorong investasi, pertumbuhan ekonomi, dan pembangunan nasional yang berkelanjutan.
Revolusi Repackaging Jumbo Makanan Ringan: Identitas Merek dan Desain Industri di Pasar Online Samsithawrati, Putu Aras
Jurnal Analisis Hukum Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38043/jah.v7i1.4954

Abstract

Di Indonesia, pengemasan ulang makanan ringan yang dijual online merupakan sebuah tren yang diminati masyarakat dan seringnya dilakukan oleh pelaku usaha non-produsen dan non-pengemas yang rentan isu hukum merek dan desain industri. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan inovasi penjualan yang berkaitan dengan Kekayaan Intelektual berupa merek dan desain industri, berhubungan dengan 3 mekanisme penjualan yang sering dijumpai dalam praktik: (1)repackaging jumbo makanan ringan dengan desain pribadi pelaku usaha atau custom pemesan; (2)repackaging jumbo makanan ringan dengan desain menyerupai makanan ringan pihak lain yang dikenal di pasaran tanpa mencantumkan merek apapun pada kemasan jumbonya; (3)repackaging jumbo makanan ringan dengan penggunaan desain dan merek milik pihak lain. Dari ketiga mekanisme tersebut, bila pelaku usaha repackaging jumbo makanan ringan memiliki perjanjian lisensi dan/atau perjanjian kerjasama lainnya dengan pemilik merek terdaftar dan/atau pendesain yang memberikan baginya suatu alas hak yang sah secara hukum untuk menggunakan dan menjual suatu produk dengan merek dan desain industri terdaftar maka hal tersebut diperbolehkan secara hukum. Sebaliknya, tanpa alas hak tersebut maka penggunaan dan penjualan kemasan ulang jumbo dengan merek dan desain industri terdaftar merupakan suatu bentuk pelanggaran hukum merek dan desain industri yang dapat dikenakan sanksi pidana.
Justice and Ethics in Business Law: A Legal Philosophy Perspective Kurniawan, I Gede Agus; Samsithawrati, Putu Aras; D. Tee-anastacio, Princess Alyssa
Batulis Civil Law Review Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025): VOLUME 6 ISSUE 3, NOVEMBER 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47268/ballrev.v6i3.3357

Abstract

Introduction: In the business world, law plays a crucial role as a guideline that maintains stability and justice. However, its implementation often benefits parties with significant influence, necessitating an approach that considers moral and ethical aspects to achieve true justice.Purposes of the Research:  Explore and analyze how the principles of justice and ethics rooted from the perspective of legal philosophy are applied in the practice of business lawMethods of the Research: This study employs a normative legal research method with a conceptual approach, examining legal norms, principles of distributive and commutative justice, and ethical responsibilities in business based on primary and secondary legal sources.Results Main Findings of the Research: The findings reveal that the principles of justice and ethics in legal philosophy are applied in business law practice by prioritizing distributive and commutative justice, as well as ethical responsibility toward society. Distributive justice seeks to ensure fair business competition and equal opportunities for business actors, while commutative justice guarantees equality of rights and obligations through fair contracts. However, significant challenges remain in implementing justice and business ethics in Indonesia, including weak oversight, the dominance of large corporations, and low awareness of social responsibility.
Intellectual Property Law and Ethics Creating Space for Ethical Innovation from the Perspective of Dignified Justice Kurniawan, I Gede Agus; Samsithawrati, Putu Aras; Disantara, Fradhana Putra; Nutakor, Briggs Samuel Mawunyo
Jurnal Negara Hukum: Membangun Hukum Untuk Keadilan Vol 16, No 1 (2025): JNH VOL NO 1 JUNI 2025
Publisher : Pusat Analisis Keparlemenan Badan Keahlian Setjen DPR RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22212/jnh.v16i1.4647

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the relationship between intellectual property law and ethics in fostering ethical innovation in Indonesia from the principles of dignified justice. This study employs normative legal research methods with a conceptual approach, analyzing primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials through literature study and qualitative analysis to examine the relationship between intellectual property law, ethics, and dignified justice in the context of innovation. The research findings indicate that the integration of ethical principles into Indonesia’s intellectual property legal framework is crucial for building a fair, inclusive, and sustainable innovation ecosystem. Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) should be seen not only as protection for exclusive rights but also as a tool to balance the interests of creators, society, and indigenous communities. Analysis of regulations and case studies such as copyright piracy, compulsory licensing in health emergencies, and protection of traditional knowledge demonstrates that ethical considerations must complement legal protections to ensure equitable access, cultural respect, and social responsibility. Adaptive legal reforms, stronger institutional enforcement, recognition of indigenous contributions, and incentives for green innovation are necessary to make Indonesia’s IPR system more humane, just, and aligned with both local wisdom and global standards.AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan antara hukum kekayaan intelektual dan etika dalam mendorong inovasi yang beretika di Indonesia dalam prinsip keadilan bermartabat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual, menganalisis bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier melalui studi kepustakaan dan analisis kualitatif untuk mengkaji hubungan antara hukum kekayaan intelektual, etika, dan keadilan bermartabat dalam konteks inovasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa integrasi prinsip etika dalam kerangka hukum Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (HKI) di Indonesia sangat penting untuk membangun ekosistem inovasi yang adil, inklusif, dan berkelanjutan. HKI harus dipahami bukan hanya sebagai pelindungan hak eksklusif pencipta, tetapi juga sebagai instrumen untuk menyeimbangkan kepentingan kreator, masyarakat, dan komunitas adat. Analisis terhadap berbagai regulasi dan studi kasus seperti pembajakan hak cipta, lisensi wajib dalam krisis kesehatan, serta pelindungan pengetahuan tradisional menunjukkan bahwa pertimbangan etis harus melengkapi pelindungan hukum demi memastikan akses yang adil, penghormatan budaya, dan tanggung jawab sosial. Reformasi hukum yang adaptif, penguatan lembaga penegak hukum, pengakuan terhadap kontribusi masyarakat adat, serta dorongan inovasi ramah lingkungan diperlukan agar sistem HKI Indonesia menjadi lebih manusiawi, adil, dan sejalan dengan nilai-nilai kearifan lokal dan standar global.
TRADEMARK PROTECTION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF INDONESIA, OMAN, AND THE PHILIPPINES I Gede Agus Kurniawan; Putu Aras Samsithawrati; Fradhana Putra Disantara; Souad Ahmed Ezzerouali; Princess Alyssa Tee-anastacio
Indonesia Private Law Review Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25041/iplr.v7i1.4775

Abstract

Trademark protection is a fundamental element of intellectual property law that supports innovation, economic growth, and legal certainty while increasingly contributing to sustainable development through fair business practices, local market strengthening, and sustainable employment. This study examines trademark protection regimes in Indonesia, Oman, and the Philippines using a normative and comparative legal approach to assess their contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals, particularly in relation to economic growth, innovation, and institutional strength. The findings show that although all three countries formally recognize the importance of trademark protection, they differ significantly in regulatory design and enforcement, with Indonesia facing persistent enforcement challenges, Oman demonstrating strong legal structure but limited practical effectiveness, and the Philippines adopting a more adaptive and institutionally robust approach. The study concludes that trademark protection can function as an effective tool for sustainable development if supported by stronger institutional capacity, greater alignment with international standards, and enhanced regional cooperation.
Bank Trademark Protection in the Digital Era: Comparative Study of Indonesia, United States, Oman Anak Agung Ayu Ngurah Sri Rahayu Gorda; I Gede Agus Kurniawan; Putu Aras Samsithawrati; Princess Alyssa D. Tee-Anastacio; Musallam Al Awaid
Unnes Law Journal Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): May, 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ulj.v12i1.48344

Abstract

This article examines the protection of bank trademarks in Indonesia, the United States, and Oman, representing Civil Law, Common Law, and a mixed civil–Sharia–GCC legal system respectively. It addresses two main questions: how differences in legal traditions shape the regulation and enforcement of bank trademarks in the digital era, and what model of protection can be formulated to make such protection more adaptive to technology‑based infringements while reinforcing depositor trust. Using a normative legal method with statute and comparative approaches, the study analyzes national trademark and banking regulations, international instruments such as TRIPS and the Madrid Protocol, GCC trademark rules, and relevant case law, interpreted through Lawrence M. Friedman’s legal system theory (structure, substance, and legal culture). The findings show that the United States provides the most advanced protection for bank trademarks through the combination of the Lanham Act, doctrines of likelihood of confusion and dilution, specific tools such as the ACPA and UDRP, and strong coordination with financial regulators. Indonesia and Oman have aligned their substantive rules with international standards, but face structural and cultural constraints, including fragmented inter‑agency coordination, the absence of fast‑track and online dispute resolution mechanisms for digital disputes, and limited institutional capacity. The article proposes a hybrid, trust‑centred model for Indonesia that strengthens substantive norms on bank trademarks, institutional coordination between IP, financial, and digital regulators, and rapid procedures for digital enforcement, while embedding consumer protection, good faith, and amanah as guiding principles.
Co-Authors Anak Agung Ayu Ngurah Sri Rahayu Gorda Anak Agung Istri Ari Atu Dewi Anak Agung Istri Eka Krisnayanti Andrea Louisa Doren Angel, Shara Mariyanti Antonio Gutiérrez-Pozo Antonio Gutiérrez-Pozo Aryani, Ni Luh Irma Briggs Samuel Mawunyo Nutakor Briggs Samuel Mawunyo Nutakor Budiana, I Nyoman D. Tee-anastacio, Princess Alyssa Desak Putu Dewi Kasih Dewa Ayu Dian Sawitri Dinara F. Abdunayimova Disantara, Fradhana Putra Dwijayanthi, Putri Triari Fradhana Putra Disantara Fradhana Putra Disantara Fradhana Putra Disantara Fradhana Putra Disantara Hong, Tan Jian I Dewa Made Anom Jagadhita I Gede Agus Kurniawan I Gede Agus Kurniawan I Gede Agus Kurniawan I Made Sarjana I.N. Bagiastra I.W. Wiryawan Jess lyn Khalid Mustafa Krisna Yanti, A.A. Istri Eka Kurniawati, Ni Kadek Dian Lourenco de Deus Mau Lulo Mac Thi Hoai Thuong Mac Thi Hoai Thuong Made Aditya Pramana Putra Made Suksma Prijandhini Devi Salain Mahaswari, Mirah Maheswari, Ni Kadek Ratih Moisa, Robert Vaisile Musallam Al Awaid Ni Ketut Supasti Dharmawan Ni Komang Krispa tripa Yanti Ni Wayan Nilandari Nutakor, Briggs Samuel Mawunyo Nyoman Satyayudha Dananjaya P.T.C. Landra Palgunadi, Kadek Zalsa Putri Pamia Pretysya, Ni Kadek Maretri Princess Alyssa D. Tee-Anastacio Princess Alyssa Tee-anastacio Putra, Made Aditya Pramana Putri Triari Dwijayanthi Putri Triari Dwijayanthi Putu Ayu Asty Senja Pratiwi Putu Tuni Caka Bawa Landra R. A. Retno Murni Rafika Amalia Sawitri, Dewa Ayu Dian Souad Ahmed Ezzerouali Thuong, Mac Thi Hoai Ustriyana, Made Grazia Widya Ayu Permatasari Yanti, Ni Kadek Cantika Siska