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The Opportunities for Surrogacy Legalization Between the Right to Have Children and A Loophole of Trafficking Wawan Edi Prastiyo; Gde Made Swardhana
PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) Vol 10, No 2 (2023): PADJADJARAN JURNAL ILMU HUKUM (JOURNAL OF LAW)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

The phenomenon of producing surrogate mother facilities has been recognized in some countries, although Indonesia indirectly prohibits the practice. The practice is also feared to be a new form of human trafficking. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the opportunities for surrogacy legalization regarding its perspectives between human rights and the loophole of trafficking. In this study, three problems were formulated: (1) the legal status of children born from a surrogate mother; (2) the legality of a surrogate mother in Indonesian law; and (3) the opportunities for surrogacy legalization in legal reform. This study is a normative juridical study that examines the differences in legal systems in various countries regarding the regulation of surrogacy. The children delivered through surrogacy were the legal offspring of surrogate mothers. They were also likely to have a legal relationship with their biological parents as adopted children. Asides from these legal statuses, Indonesian law did not support the validity of the uterine lease agreement. This was due to its inseparability from the influence of religious and cultural values, which opposed the existence of surrogacy. Women and children have the potential to become victims of exploitation, even though the practice of surrogate motherhood is very harmful to their health. The practice subsequently prioritized the opportunity to become a new form of human trafficking. Various international legal instruments that exist can be used as a reference to prohibit the existence of surrogate mothers.DOI: https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v10n2.a3
Analisis Pengesahan Undang-Undang Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual Terhadap Korban Tindak Pidana Revenge Porn Gusti Arya Dharma Kusuma; Gde Made Swardhana
Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11 No 6 (2023)
Publisher : Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum

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Abstract

Tujuan dari penulisan jurnal ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis tentang tindak pidana revenge porn dari kacamata hukum pidana serta analisis pengesahan undang-undang tindak pidana kekerasan seksual atau UU TPKS guna menjamin kepastian hukum dan hak korban tindak pidana revenge porn. Penulisan jurnal ini tergolong penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Berdasarkan hasil yang telah ditemukan dalam penulisan jurnal ini, bahwasannya pengesahan UU TPKS dipelopori oleh beberapa ketentuan hukum positif di Indonesia yang belum cukup untuk mewadahi tindak pidana revenge porn dikarenakan posisi korban dapat beralih menjadi pelaku dalam suatu peristiwa pidana yang tergolong kejahatan terhadap kesusilaan.
TEORI KRIMINOLOGI DALAM MEMECAHKAN KEJAHATAN PENCURIAN BESERTA KEKERASAN YANG DILAKUKAN SECARA BERLANJUT (PASAL 365 KUHP) Ni Made Indah Gayatri; Gede Made Swardhana
Jurnal Media Akademik (JMA) Vol. 2 No. 10 (2024): JURNAL MEDIA AKADEMIK Edisi Oktober
Publisher : PT. Media Akademik Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62281/v2i10.859

Abstract

Pengkajian ini memiliki tujuan guna mengetahui teori-teori kriminologi yang berkembang serta untuk mengetahui bagaimana teori kriminologi dalam memecahkan kejahatan pencurian beserta kekerasan yang dilakukan secara berlanjut, terkhusus sebagai halnya yang dimaksud dalam KUHP Pasal 365. Metodologi penelitian hukum yang bersifat normatif melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan merupakan metodologi yang diterapkan dalam melakukan pengkajian ini. Hasil dari studi didapatkan kesimpulan mengenai teori kriminologi yang digunakan dalam menganalisis pemecahan persoalan kasus kejahatan pencurian beserta kekerasan yang dilakukan secara berlanjut adalah teori strain atau teori anomie, yang menyoroti kondisi anomie yaitu saat suatu kekerabatan dideskripsikan dengan ketaksimetrisan dalam hal tatanan kehiupan sosial mereka sebagai faktor yang dapat memicu perilaku menyimpang. Beberapa pendekatan yang dapat diambil untuk memecahkan kejahatan pencurian beserta kekerasan yang dilakukan secara berlanjut, sebagai berikut: a) rekonstruksi norma dan nilai sosial; b) peningkatan pengawasan sosial; c) pemberdayaan kekerabatan; d) perbaikan sistem pendidikan dan kesejahteraan; e) pengembangan program resosialisasi; dan f) penegakan hukum yang efektif.
Discover Crimes against Humanity as Gross Violations of Human Rights: International and Indonesia Perspectives Swardhana, Gde Made
Susbtantive Justice International Journal of Law Vol 4 No 2 (2021): Substantive Justice International Journal of Law
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/substantivejustice.v4i2.133

Abstract

The human rights law is not identical with international humanitarian law. This article attempts to explore both the relation and the difference between gross human rights violation and violation of international humanitarian law. While, for Indonesia context, crimes against humanity was arranged in the Human Rights Court Law, however, it is still raise discourses related with the limitation of crime against humanity that different with international law instruments, and it also raises problem for Judges and Human Rights Court to define the crimes against humanity as the legal ground for several gross violation of human rights that adjudicate within this framework. This article use normative legal research method to conduct, analyze, and arrange crime against humanity formulation with statutory law approach, legal conceptual approach, and legal cases approach. This article concluded with the limitation that highlighted whether gross human rights violation can be prosecuted and punished using international humanitarian law. This article also stressing normative and conceptual aspect related with development of crimes against humanity, its element of crime and its application by judicial system.
Penjatuhan Sanksi Hukum Bagi Masyarakat Yang Menyalahgunakan Fungsi Trotoar Di Kecamatan Abiansemal Dipratama, I Putu Eka; Swardhana, Gede Made
KOLONI Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): JUNI 2024
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/koloni.v3i2.551

Abstract

The purpose of making a research journal is to find out the forms of sanctions given to people who abuse the function of sidewalks and to find out the concrete steps taken by the Abiansemal sub-district head and security forces in organizing people's lives, especially in controlling the function of sidewalks. This research uses empirical legal research methods. Notification regarding the general public is one of the concurrent government affairs between the Central Government and the Provincial and Regency/City Regional Governments. Public order and public peace are manifestations of human rights in an orderly society, national and state life. Sidewalks are one of the many important facilities to complement the development of all activities on an environmental scale, but the clear function of sidewalks does not rule out the possibility of covering many functions of these sidewalks. The cause of violations of the function of sidewalks is due to gaps or lack of understanding of people who want to sell on sidewalks or use parking spaces, which results in many things or cases related to sidewalks.
OPTIMALISASI PELAKSANAAN DIVERSI DALAM SISTEM PERADILAN PIDANA ANAK YANG BERORIENTASI PADA RESTORATIVE JUSTICE DI KOTA DENPASAR Hariyanto, Diah Ratna Sari; Swardhana, Gde Made
Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia Vol 18, No 3 (2021): Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia - September 2021
Publisher : Direktorat Jenderal Peraturan Perundang-undang, Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54629/jli.v18i3.787

Abstract

Abstract Diversion has become the starting point that legitimizes the settlement of criminal cases outside the judiciary in Indonesia. There are many benefits of diversion but it is very risky because it is not implemented optimally; therefore, the implementation and the constraints in the diversion application in Denpasar need to be studied and solutions to optimize the application to be sought. This research is empirical legal research. The results of the study show that the Departmental Police of Denpasar City, the Denpasar District Attorney, and the Denpasar District Court have attempted to implement diversion while remaining within the corridor of law, it shall only be implemented in respect of criminal acts of children who are punishable by imprisonment of under 7 years and not a recidivist. Obstacles encountered are the regulations regarding the ages of children based on the Law of SPPA, lack of coordination and supervision, law enforcers who have an inadequate understanding of the meaning and spirit of diversion, as well as lack of public awareness and understanding of the urgency of diversion. Optimization taken is reformulation of regulations, increased coordination, training, and socialization to law enforcers. Providing socialization and approaches to the community to increase understanding and awareness. Keywords: diversion, restorative justice, optimization.  Abstrak Diversi telah menjadi awal yang meletigitimasi penyelesaian kasus pidana di luar peradilan di Indonesia. Banyak manfaat yang diberikan melalui diversi namun sangat riskan tidak dilaksanakan secara optimal, sehingga perlu dikaji terkait pelaksanaan dan kendala penerapan diversi di Denpasar serta solusi untuk mengoptimalkan penerapan diversi. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum empiris. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa Polresta Denpasar, Kejaksaan Negeri Denpasar, dan Pengadilan Negeri Denpasar telah mengupayakan diversi dengan tetap pada koridor hukum yakni hanya dapat dilakukan terhadap tindak pidana anak yang diancam dengan pidana penjara di bawah 7 tahun dan bukan residivis. Kendala yang dialami adalah pengaturan umur anak berdasarkan UU SPPA (substansi hukum), kurangnya koordinasi dan pengawasan (struktur hukum), dan masih bisa ditemukan penegak hukum yang tidak memahami makna dan spirit diversi, serta kurangnya kesadaran dan pemahaman masyarakat akan urgensi diversi (budaya hukum). Optimalisasi yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan reformulasi aturan, meningkatkan koordinasi, pelatihan, serta sosialisasi ke penegak hukum. Mengadakan sosialisasi dan pendekatan ke masyarakat untuk meningkatan pemahaman dan kesadaran penyelesaikan kasus melalui diversi. Kata Kunci: diversi, keadilan restoratif, optimalisasi.
Penyalahgunaan Minuman Beralkohol dan Pelecehan Seksual terhadap Wanita Pemandu Lagu : Studi Kasus Denpasar dan Badung Swardhana, Gde Made; Wibawa, Made Satria; Putra, I Ketut; Purwani, Sagung M.E.
Jurnal Bedah Hukum Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Bedah Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Boyolali

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36596/jbh.v9i1.1756

Abstract

Secara kriminologis bahwa perilaku menyimpang akibat meminum minuman beralkohol yang berlebihan menyebabkan mabuk tentu karena di bawah kesadarannya dapat melakukan hal-hal yang menyebabkan terjadinya pelecehan seksual terhadap pemandu lagu di tempat hiburan malam seperti cafe maupun karaoke. Ketentuan mengenai Pelecehan seksual utamanya jenis dan kualifikasinya sudah diatur dalam UU Nomor 12 Tahun 2022 tentang Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual. Permasalahan yang difokuskan dalam artikel ini, yakni (1) karakteristik pelecehan seksual dan kekerasan seksual, dan (2) faktor-faktor penyebab kekerasan seksual serta upaya penanggulangannya. Metode yang dipergunakan adalah metode penelitian yuridis empiris dengan berbasis pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual hukum, dan pendekatan fakta hukum diperkuat studi kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan. Hasil penelitian yang didapat bahwa dengan mengetahui perumusan perundang-undangan dikaitkan dengan perilaku meminum minuman beralkohol dan peristiwa terjadinya pelecehan seksual terhadap pemandu lagu, ditemukan jenis pelecehan seksual apa saja yang dialami oleh wanita pemandu lagu karaoke, serta bagaimana upaya penanggulangannya agar tidak terjadi pelecehan seksual akibat dari kondisi mabuk tersebut. Akhirnya, perlunya tindakan preventif dan dikombinasikan penegakan hukum secara koersif yang dapat menanggulangi permasalahan minuman beralkohol serta penanggulangan pelecehan seksual.
Pertanggungjawaban Notaris yang Dinyatakan Pailit Terhadap Akta yang Dibuatnya Wenty Valda Estrada Pakpahan; Gde Made Swardhana
As-Syar i: Jurnal Bimbingan & Konseling Keluarga  Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): As-Syar’i: Jurnal Bimbingan & Konseling Keluarga
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Nasional Laa Roiba Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47467/as.v7i2.9141

Abstract

The purpose of writing research is to find out the position of a Notary's deed after experiencing bankruptcy and the responsibility of a Notary who is declared bankrupt regarding the deed they make. This research was analyzed using normative research methods. The approach used is statutory and conceptual. The results of the research obtained are: 1. The position of the deed that was made by the Notary before going bankrupt and in accordance with the procedures stipulated by statutory regulations, then the deed that was made still has perfect evidentiary power, however the notary protocols that have been declared bankrupt is transferred to the Notary receiving the protocol established by the MPD. Meanwhile, if a notarial deed is made after the notary has been declared bankrupt by a court decision, the notary no longer has the authority to make the deed, and the deed made becomes a private deed. 2. Based on the theory of responsibility by Hans Kelsen, the theory of responsibility that can be used in relation to Notaries who are declared bankrupt is the theory of absolute responsibility. In this case, the Notary does not anticipate that he will experience bankruptcy which will cause his assets to be confiscated and he will be dismissed from his position as Notary. Thus, a Notary who is dismissed from his position due to bankruptcy can still be held civilly or criminally liable for the deed he has made even though the notarial protocol has been submitted to the Notary Receiving the Protocol.
Legal Legism in the Era of the National Criminal Code: The Prosecutor's Office as a Fair Law Enforcer Resta, Ngurah Wahyu; Swardhana, Gde Made; Kasih, Desak Putu Dewi; Purwani, Sagung Putri M.E.
International Journal of Social Service and Research Vol. 5 No. 10 (2025): International Journal of Social Service and Research
Publisher : Ridwan Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46799/ijssr.v5i10.1339

Abstract

The enactment of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code (National Criminal Code) affects the duties and functions of the Prosecutor's Office as a law enforcer, which has tended to be formalistic and procedural, thus encouraging this institution to place more emphasis on fulfilling the principles of justice, the effectiveness of law enforcement, and the protection of victims' rights, while strengthening its strategic role in the prevention and prosecution of criminal acts in accordance with the new norms in the Criminal Code. However, the recognition of the National Criminal Code regarding the existence of living law in society other than written law creates tension between legal certainty and substantive justice (social justice). Prosecutors face a dilemma when an act that is recognized as criminal under customary law is not written in the law, thus creating legal uncertainty in the practice of prosecution. The result of this study is the principle of formal legality Article 1 paragraph (1) of the National Criminal Code which is linear with the view of the school of legalism emphasizes that every act can only be punished based on written law, ensuring legal certainty and protection of human rights. The enactment of Article 2 of the National Criminal Code, the principle of legality has expanded its meaning, which in its regulation recognizes the laws that live in society (living law) and social values, customary norms, and substantive justice in the sense of the principle of material legality. The real implementation can be seen in the innovation of the Bali High Prosecutor's Office through Bale Kertha Adhyaksa Jaga Desa and Umah Restorative Justice, which integrates positive law and customary law of Tri Hita Karana. The Prosecutor's Office now plays an adaptive, humanist, and fair role, guarding social harmony as well as legal certainty.
URGENSI PENGATURAN TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI MENGENAI DELIK PERBUATAN PERDAGANGAN PENGARUH Made Dwitya Paramaswari; Gde Made Swardhana
Kertha Wicara: Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol. 15 No. 8 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

Penelitian yang penulis lakukan bertujuan untuk menganalisa konsep perbuatan perdagangan pengaruh menjadi bentuk tindak pidana korupsi dan urgensi perdagangan pengaruh dalam pengaturan hukum mengenai tindak pidana korupsi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normative sebagai metode penelitian, dengan data primer yang digunakan penulis berupa Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2001 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi serta Konvensi Internasional yakni United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) 2003. Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa di Indonesia masih terdapat keterbatasan mengenai pengaturan Perdagangan pengaruh di Indonesia, sehingga masih banyak sekali terjadi penjeratan pelaku tindak pidana korupsi terhadap pihak yang seharusnya tidak memiliki kewajiban untuk bertanggung jawab atas perbuatan yang dilakukannya atau pelaku tidak dapat dihukum karena tidak adanya pengaturan hukum yang pasti mengenai perbuatannya. Sehingga disarankan di masa mendatang terdapat pengaturan hukum Indonesia yang pasti terhadap delik Perdagangan pengaruh sebagai bentuk Tindak Pidana Korupsi.   Kata Kunci: Perdagangan Pengaruh, Tindak Pidana Korupsi   ABSTRACT This study was purposed to examine Trading in Influence concept as a form of corruption and the urgency of Trading n Influence regulation in legal procedure regarding corruption in Indonesia. This study uses normative research methods, with primary sources is Act Number 20 of 2001 about Amendments to Act Number 31 of 1999 about Eradication of Corruption and international conventions, the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) 2003. In this study, determined the result, Indonesia has not made a regulation of Trading in Influence, therefore are still considerably of entanglements of perpetrators of corruption crimes against parties that should not have the obligation to be responsible for their actions. From this study can be suggested that in the future, there should be legal procedure against a Trading in Influence as a delict form of corruption.   Key Words: Trading in Influence, Corruption Criminal Act
Co-Authors A A Ngurah Bagus Pradhana Ningrat Abda Abda Aditya Peramana Maheztra Agung Ngurah Galang Widura Pandji Akrom, Akrom Anak Agung Bagus Juniarta Anak Agung Ketut Sukranatha Anak Agung Ngurah Wirasila Anak Agung Ngurah Yusa Darmadi Bagus Gede Brahma Putra Cintya Dwi Santoso Cangi Desak Putu Dewi Kasih Dewa Ayu Indra Dewi Diah Ratna Sari Hariyanto Dian Barry Wahyudi Dio Feri Pabaruno Dipratama, I Putu Eka Dwi Pusparini Eviera Riza Indriani Firdalia Emyta Nurdiana Isliko Gusti Agung Adi Pramana Gusti Arya Dharma Kusuma Gusti Ayu Cindy Permata Sari Hariyanto, Diah Ratna Sari Hermon N. H. Hutasoit I Gede Ardian Paramandika I Gede Krisnata I Gusti Ngurah Bagus Pramana I Gusti Ngurah Parwata I Kadek Angga Satya Pardidinata I Ketut Mertha I Ketut Mertha I Ketut putra, I Ketut I Ketut Rai Setiabudhi I Komang Oka Wijaya Kusuma I Made Ardana I Made Santiawan I Made Suryantara Widi I Made Walesa Putra I Nengah Arya Sedana Yoga I Nyoman Sukandia I Putu Asajania I Putu Budi Arta Yama I Wayan Brahmana Putra Ida Ayu Kade Febriyana Dharmayanti Ida Bagus Kade Wahyu Sudhyatmika Ida Bagus Surya Darmajaya Jeremia Reynovan Kadek Bela Rusmawati Hanaya Kadek Derik Yunita Sari Kadek Velantika Adi Putra Keristiawan, Putu Agus Kevin Ryadi Saragih Komang Ayu Dina Maylina Komang Prawira Nugraha Lidya Permata Dewi Luh Nia Sasmita Made Dwitya Paramaswari Made Lia Pradnya Paramita Made Satria Wibawa, Made Satria Made Supartha Mardiyah . Muliawan, I Kadek Krisna Ni Kadek Dwi Apriani Ni Luh Vena Puspa Yanti Ni Made Galuh Dwi Safitri Ni Made Indah Gayatri Ni Putu Asti Ariningsih Ni Putu Juniasih Ni Putu Nugrahaeni Ni Putu Wahyu Mas Sanggia Suari Ni Wayan Riska Anggreni Nina Khadijah Maulidia Nyoman Ananda Try Saputra Nyoman Bela Putra Atmaja Pande Putu Mega Rahma Wulandari pradnyani paramitha, anak agung istri Pramana, I Gede Willy Prasetya, Ketut Wahyu Purwani, Sagung M.E. Putu Ami Febriyanasia Putu Ayu Mirah Permatasari Putu Jayanti Adelia Masridewi Putu Kartika Sastra Rahmawati Angelica Revi Septiana Resta, Ngurah Wahyu Ryan Gabriel Siregar Sagung Putri M. E. Purwani Setianti, Ni Kadek Dwi Febi Sri Rahmi Syahruddin Veronica Novinna Vinshi, Vedro Julio Wawan Edi Prastiyo Wayan Satria Pramana Putra Wayan Suardana Wenty Valda Estrada Pakpahan Yanuar Agung Sudjateruna Yeremia Toga Sinaga Yudi Gabriel Tololiu Yudik Putra