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EFEKTIFITAS PERATURAN DIRJEN BIMAS ISLAM NOMOR 189 TAHUN 2021 TENTANG PELAKSANAAN BIMBINGAN PERKAWINAN CALON PENGANTIN PERSPEKTIF TEORI SISTEM HUKUM LAWRENCE M. FRIEDMAN: (Studi Di Kantor Urusan Agama Blimbing Kota Malang) Choiru Fata; Zaenul Mahmudi; Moh. Toriquddin; Abdul Rouf
KABILAH : Journal of Social Community Vol. 7 No. 1 (2022): Juni
Publisher : LP2M IAI Nazhatut Thullab Sampang

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Abstract

Abstrak: Pelaksanaan bimbingan perkawinan sebagai bekal pengetahuan dan keterampilan (lifeskills) tentang membangun kesadaran bersama, memperkokoh komitmen, mengatasi berbagai konflik keluarga, menghadapi berbagai tantangan yang semakin berat dan mewujudkan keluarga sehat dan berkualitas serta sebagai upaya pemerintah dalam menekan tingginya angka perceraian, kekerasan dalam rumah tangga dan problem keluarga lainnya. Kantor Urusan Agama memberikan pelayanan dalam bentuk bimbingan perkawinan. Sehingga terbitlah Peraturan Dirjen Bimas Islam Nomor 189 Tahun 2021 Tentang Pelaksanaan Bimbingan Perkawinan Calon Pengantin. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini tentang pelaksanaan bimbingan perkawinan belum maksimal dilaksanakan yang dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor internal dan ekternal. Yang dianalis menggunakan Teori Sistem Hukum Lawrence M. Friedman yang meneliti pada seluruh bagian sub sistem hukum pelaksana bimbingan perkawinan. Sub sistem hukum yang ada pada teori Lawrence M. Friedman yaitu pertama; Struktur Hukum yaitu yang mengkaji pada penyelenggara dan pelaksanaan bimbingan perkawinan. Kedua; Subtansi Hukum yaitu melihat pada peraturan sebagai dasar pelaksanaan bimbingan perkawinan. Ketiga; Budaya Hukum yaitu yang melihat mulai dari struktur hukum dan respon peserta calon pengantin terhadap pelaksanaan bimbingan perkawinan. Kata Kunci: Pelaksanaan Bimbingan Perkawinan, Teori Sistem Hukum
Wasiat Sebagai Penyeimbang Pembagian Warisan Menurut Hazairin Perspektif Teori Keadilan Distributif Aristoteles Muhammad Misbakhul Ulum; Zaenul Mahmudi; Moh. Toriquddin
Al-Adl : Jurnal Hukum Vol 14, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Kalimantan Muhammad Arsyad Al Banjari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31602/al-adl.v14i2.6019

Abstract

The division of inheritance is a problem that will be faced by every family of Muslims.Jumhur ulama has established a method of division of property, namely by the method of inheritance. However, Hazairin has his own thought that the distribution of inheritance is not only done by inheritance method, but can also be compromised with a will in order to provide justice for each existing heir. This study aims to examine more deeply about the method offered by Hazairin, whether it can provide justice for the heirs or not. Therefore, a deeper study is needed using Aristotle's theory of distributive justice. The research uses a qualitative approach with the type of character study research, using secondary legal materials. The results showed that Hazairin's goal of making a will as a counterweight in the distribution of inheritance was to provide a share that was in accordance with the conditions of each heir, both in terms of weaknesses and strengths that were not considered in the inheritance system. Furthermore, the method initiated by Hazairin has met the indicators of Aristotle's distributive justice including being in accordance with the law, impartial, and proportional.
Living Qur’an, Niqab, and Islamic Law: A Study at Mambaush Sholihin Islamic Boarding School, Gresik, East Java Toriquddin, Moh; Faizin, Nur; Hamidah, Tutik; Hamdan, Ali; Muhammad, Muhammad
Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam Vol 8, No 2 (2024): Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam
Publisher : Islamic Family Law Department, Sharia and Law Faculty, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/sjhk.v8i2.19563

Abstract

Two impressions emerging from wearing a niqab (face veil), i.e., piety and radicalism, are deeply embedded in public perception. The obligation to wear the niqab for female students at an Islamic boarding school known to be moderate and cultural, such as the Mambaush Sholihin Islamic Boarding School, is an interesting issue to study. In this current study, the empirical legal method was used, based on the theory of the living Qur’an and Islamic law. Data collection techniques included in-depth interview, literature review, and focus group discussion. The findings reveal that in the opinions of the Islamic boarding school caretakers, the use of the niqab at Mambaush Shalihin does not lead to an exclusive attitude, but rather to code of conduct, that limits the interaction between men and women. However, some students respond to this conduct differently and they view it as a form of coercion, giving rise to an attitude of resistance expressed when they are outside the school, whereas others still prioritize an attitude of obedience and submission to the kyai. On the other hand, some people in the public perceive this as a form of change in the Islamic boarding school towards radicalism while others believe that the school remain on the principles of the moderate teachings of Ahl Sunnah wal Jamaah. In practice, wearing the niqab at Mambaush Shalihin is a form of the Living Qur’an in relation to the command to cover the awrah(private parts) for women. Meanwhile, according to Islamic law, the law on wearing the veil is different among the scholars of the four schools of thought. This article argues that the use of the veil in Islamic boarding schools is not affiliated with a particular madhhab but rather aims to discipline female students who study in the same room as male students. This is indicated by the non-obligation to wear any face veil for female students who have not yet studied in college, i.e., junior and senior high school levels.
HAK WARIS ANAK LUAR NIKAH PERSPEKTIF KEADILAN HUKUM HANS KELSEN DAN WARIS SUNNI (STUDI PMK NOMOR 46/PUU-VIII/2010) Tirmidzi, Ahmad; Mahmudi, Zaenul; Toriquddin, Moh.
JURNAL AL-IJTIMAIYYAH Vol 8, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/al-ijtimaiyyah.v8i2.14641

Abstract

Abstract: The constitutional court's decision No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 was passed in response to the judicial review submissions of Mochicha Mochtar and Iqbal Ramdan who felt that their constitutional rights were hindered by the law, namely article 43 paragraph (1) of the Law. No. 1 of 1974 on Marriage. Under the article, every children born out of wedlock does not have a civil law relationship with his father. The condition of children born out of wedlock can be analogous like a person who is exposed to sap without eating the fruit, meaning that the children born out of wedlock is not the actor of violations of legal action, but he is exposed to the burden of law for violations committed by both parents. Though every child is born without carrying the burden of sins committed by both parents and remains in a fitrah. The constitutional court's decision aims to uphold justice for the inheritance rights of children born out of wedlock who are considered hindered by one of marriage law articles in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to analyze the principle of justice related to the civil rights of children born out of wedlock in Constitutional Court Decision No. 46 / PUU-VIII / 2010 perspective of legal justice Hans Kelsen and coherence with Sunni inheritance law. This research is normative-descriptive research with library research methods. The constitutional court's ruling has a coherence with the opinion of Abu Hasan Al-Mawardi who said an illegitimate child can be descended of a man as his father after a blood relationship can be proven. After being analyzed with the legal justice of Hans Kelsen, the Constitutional Court's verdict has contained the value of justice. So that parties who have interests related to the civil rights of children born out of wedlock must be obedient to the content of the ruling.Keywords: Inheritance of Children Born Out of Wedlock; Sunni Inheritance Law; Hans Kelsen's Legal Justice.       Abstrak: Putusan MK No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 disahkan sebagai respon atas pengajuan judicial review Mochicha Mochtar dan Iqbal Ramdan yang merasa hak konstitusionalnya dihalangi oleh undang-undang yaitu Pasal 43 ayat (1) Undang-undang No. 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan. Berdasarkan pasal tersebut setiap anak luar nikah tidak mempunyai hubungan keperdataan dengan ayahnya. Posisi anak dapat dianalogikan seperti orang yang terkena getah tanpa memakan buahnya, artinya anak yang terlahir di luar nikah bukan pelaku pelanggaran tindakan hukum, namun ia terkena beban hukum atas pelanggaran yang dilakukan kedua orang tuanya. Padahal setiap anak terlahir tanpa membawa beban dosa yang diperbuat oleh kedua orang tuanya dan tetap dalam keadaan fitrah. Putusan MK tersebut bertujuan menegakkan keadilan atas hak-hak keperdataan anak luar nikah yang dinilai terhalangi oleh salah satu pasal dalam undang-undang perkawinan di Indonesia. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisi prinsip keadilan terkait hak waris anak luar nikah dalam Putusan MK No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 perspektif keadilan hukum Hans Kelsen. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif-deskriptif dengan metode library research. Putusan MK tersebut mempunyai koherensi dengan pendapat Abu Hasan Al-Mawardi yang mengutarakan anak luar nikah dapat nasab dengan laki-laki sebagai ayahnya setelah hubungan darah dapat dibuktikan. Setelah dianalisis dengan keadilan hukum Hans Kelsen, Putusan MK tersebut telah memuat nilai keadilan. Sehingga pihak yang mempunyai kepentingan terkait hak keperdataan anak luar nikah harus bersikap patuh terhadap isi putusan tersebut.Kata Kunci: Waris Anak Luar Nikah; Hukum Waris Sunni; Keadilan Hukum Hans Kelsen.
The Dynamics of Islam and State Relations in Indonesia Mubaraq, Zulfi; Mustofa, M. Lutfi; Toriquddin, Moh.; Adelia Luthfiana Azizah, Reza
Ampera: A Research Journal on Politics and Islamic Civilization Vol 5 No 03 (2024): Ampera: A Research Journal on Politics and Islamic Civilization
Publisher : Program Studi Politik Islam Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19109/ampera.v5i03.23948

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The study of the relationship between Islam and the State is of significant academic importance and warrants further exploration. The debate surrounding this topic remains ongoing. This paper seeks to address three key aspects: First, the paradigms of Islam-State interrelations. Second, the internal and external factors influencing the relationship between Islam and the State. Third, the positive and negative implications of this interrelationship on state governance and societal structures. This research employs a literature review method with a descriptive qualitative approach, analyzed through content analysis techniques. The findings reveal three key points. The study identifies three paradigms: (1) Secularistic, (2) Integralistic, and (3) Symbiotic Mutualistic. Internally, the interrelation is shaped by: (1) The social structure of Indonesian society, (2) The ideological perspectives of Indonesian political leaders, (3) The history of Indonesian independence, and (4) The religiosity of the Indonesian populace. Externally, it is influenced by: (1) The ideological positions of foreign political leaders, (2) Foreign policies, and (3) Islamic-based state ideologies. The implications for society and state governance are both positive and negative. On the positive side: (1) A compromise between secular and integral paradigms contributes to societal harmony in Indonesia, (2) Human rights, particularly in the domains of religion and state, are respected, and (3) Amendments and changes to state statutes and laws are made in alignment with the evolving conditions of Indonesian society. On the negative side: (1) Disputes over the fundamental ideology of the Indonesian state persist, (2) Divisions in understanding based on differing paradigms are evident, and (3) There is a growing fanaticism associated with these ideological paradigms. In conclusion, the paper argues that the symbiotic mutualistic paradigm governing the relationship between Islam and the State is both valid and relevant to the social conditions in Indonesia.
DINAMIKA ISLAM MODERN DI INDONESIA: Kajian Paradigma, Faktor, dan Implikasinya Terhadap Wacana Sosio-Intelektual Walkaromah, Naylul Izzah; Mubaraq, Zulfi; Mustofa, M. Lutfi; Toriquddin, Moh.
Hunafa: Jurnal Studia Islamika Vol 21 No 1 (2024): Hunafa: Jurnal Studia Islamika
Publisher : State Islamic University of Datokarama Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24239/jsi.Vol21.Iss1.772

Abstract

The study of modern Islamic thought in Indonesia is very important to be studied more deeply. This is because the study never ceases to be debated. The purpose of this paper is to understand 3 things: First, the paradigm of modern Islamic thought. Second, the internal and external factors that influence modern Islam. Third, the positive and negative implications of modern Islam on Islamic socio-intellectual discourse in Indonesia. The method used is library research with a qualitative approach, the data is analyzed using content analysis techniques. The results found are three things: First, there are 4 forms of modern Islamic thought paradigm in Indonesia: reform, evolutionary, progressive, adaptive. Second, internally there are 3 factors that influence it: (1) the demand for renewal of Islamic teachings that are too taqlid and rigid (2) awareness of purifying Islamic practices (3) the Islamic press movement spread widely. As for externally, there are 3 factors that influence it: (1) the influence of modernity in the Western world (2) the dominance of Middle Eastern clerical thought (3) the reality of competition from other cultures and religions. Third, the positive implications of modern Islam for Islam in Indonesia are three things: (1) progressiveness in various fields (2) Islamic teachings are more rational (3) Islamic thought exists and is relevant to the contemporary context. Meanwhile, the negative implications of modern Islam on Islam in Indonesia are 3 things: (1) conflict between community groups (2) rejection from conservative groups (3) marginalization of figures and extremism tendencies. The conclusion of this paper shows that modern Islamic thought in Indonesia contains complex dynamics in shaping the social life of Muslims in Indonesia.
Implikasi Filosofis Asbabun Nuzul dalam Ilmu Al-Qur’an Manggala, Kayan; Toriquddin, Moh.; Kharis Alwi , Mohamad; Syihabuddin , Muhammad; Hamzah , Hakma
SETYAKI : Jurnal Studi Keagamaan Islam Vol. 1 No. 4 (2023): NOVEMBER
Publisher : CV Kalimasada Group

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59966/setyaki.v1i4.578

Abstract

The Al-Qur'an is the holy book of Muslims which is the first source of Islamic teachings that must be believed. In the process of its descent, it underwent many processes in which its decline occurred both because of the form of questions and the events that occurred. The Al-Qur'an was revealed to giving guidance to humans so that they can follow the path of truth by upholding the principles of life based on faith in Allah and also informing them of things that have passed, current events and those that will come. At first most of the Qur'an was revealed for general purposes but during the time of Rasulullah SAW and his companions they witnessed many historical events as well as special events as well as questions about law so that they required firmness and asked for detailed explanations about religious matters so several verses were revealed from Al-Qur'an to answer questions that arise, this is what is meant by Asbabun Nuzul... Researchers realize how important the Al-Qur'an is for Muslims, so the Al-Qur'an is not just for reading and understanding its meaning. but we also have to know the reasons why the verses in the Koran were revealed by Allah SWT. In research on Asbabun Nuzul in the Qur'an, we will discuss various things related to Asbabun Nuzul, including the meaning of Asbabun Nuzul, its types and divisions, rules, specifications and the benefits of studying Asbabun Nuzul as well as the philosophical implications of Asbabun Nuzul in Qur'anic sciences. 'an.
Exploration of Local Potential: Economic Transformation and Empowerment of MSME In Bakalankrajan, Malang City Sajida, Sajida; Toriquddin, Muhamad; Taborat, Aloysius; Ester Putri Carolline Gea
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pengabdian Masyarakat Universitas Ma Chung Vol. 5 (2024): Prosiding SENAM 2024: Seminar Nasional Pengabdian Masyarakat Universitas Ma Chung
Publisher : Ma Chung Press

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Abstract

The economic dynamics in RW 05 and 06 Bakalankrajan, Malang City, have found new light through an innovative strategy that combines halal certification with the integration of digital technology. MSMEs in this region are the main focus, with the aim of strengthening the foundations of the local economy and increasing their competitiveness in the global market. Through a multidisciplinary approach, the empowerment program explores local potential and encourages broader market penetration with halal certification. In line with this, E-Commerce training provides additional tools for MSMEs to seize opportunities in the increasingly developing digital realm. With an inclusive approach and data-driven strategy, the project foresees a significant transformation in the local economic landscape. The hope is that this effort can create a new pattern of economic empowerment for local communities and provide encouragement for sustainable growth in RW 05 and 06 Bakalankrajan.
Prevention of Child Marriage by the KUA of Kraksaan District through Partnership: A Perspective of Lawrence Meir Friedman's Legal System Theory Anwari, Ahmad Hirzan; Mahmudi, Zaenul; Toriquddin, Moh
Borneo International Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 6 No 2 (2024): Borneo International Journal of Islamic Studies, Vol. 6(2), November 2024
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Aji Muhammad Idris Samarinda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21093/bijis.v6i2.9181

Abstract

This study aims to discuss the prevention of child marriage by the Religious Affairs Office (KUA) of Kraksaan District through partnerships in the review of Lawrence Meir Friedman's legal system theory. This is due to the high number of child marriage applications recorded at the KUA of Kraksaan District from 2022 to 2023. Then, the effectiveness of preventing child marriage will be measured through Lawrence Meir Friedman's legal system theory. Qualitative methods are used in this research. Qualitative methods are research methods based on philosophy and are useful for studying scientific conditions (experiments). In this partnership strategy, the KUA works with several partners, including Village Officials, Village Heads, Non-Civil Servant Employees/Counselors, Community Health Centers (PUSKESMAS), Kraksaan District Government, NU, Muhammadiyah and al-Irsyad. As a result, 50 applications were prevented, and five were postponed out of 55 applications in 2022. In 2023, 13 applications were successfully rejected, and nine were accepted out of 22 applications in 2023. In the review of Lawrence Meir Friedman's legal system theory, the substance of the law is Law No.16 of 2019. This law is not effective because Article 7 still provides an opportunity for people to marry children. Meanwhile, the legal structure comprises the structural officials of the KUA. The KUA, assisted by its partners, is said to be effective in preventing child marriage, as seen from the data on the success rate of preventing child marriage mentioned above. The legal culture is the people of Kraksaan Subdistrict who still strongly hold the tradition of arranged marriage, maintain the good name of the family, parents want to escape their responsibilities, and the belief that many families will provide a lot of sustenance.
Eksplorasi Konfigurasi Hidden Layer: Studi Pola Persebaran Paling Optimal Pada Prediksi Pasar Saham Toriquddin, Muhamad
Digital Transformation Technology Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Periode September 2024
Publisher : Information Technology and Science(ITScience)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47709/digitech.v4i2.5033

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi konfigurasi hidden layer khususnya pada pola distribusi neuron yang paling optimal dalam model ANN untuk melakukan analisis pasar saham seperti prediksi harga adjustment close dari saham. Pendekatan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan membuat model dengan 3 jenis variasi pola uniform, increasing, dan decreasing untuk nantinya dinilai kinerjanya menggunakan perhitungan MSE pada Training Loss dan Validation Loss, MAPE, dan RMSE lalu dihitung berdasarkan besaran bobot nilai yaitu 15% Training Loss, 20% RMSE, 30% MAPE dan 35% Validation Loss. Terdapat 7 model yang dibuat pada penelitian ini yaitu 3 model pola uniform, 2 model pola increasing, dan 2 model pola decreasing. Hasil penelitian yang didapat yaitu model yang memiliki kinerja paling optimal adalah model 2 yang polanya adalah uniform. Temuan lain adalah pola uniform memiliki rata-rata kinerja model paling baik dibandingkan pola increasing dan decreasing untuk prediksi saham. Pola uniform menunjukkan nilai Training Loss dan Validation Loss yang lebih rendah mengindikasikan bahwa model mampu belajar dan menggeneralisasi data baru dengan baik serta nilai MAPE dan RMSE yang rendah mengindikasikan kesalahan prediksi dari model yang rendah dibandingkan kedua pola lainnya. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi terhadap pengembangan konfigurasi hidden layer pada ANN terutama pada pola distribusi neuronnya untuk menentukan pola yang paling optimal pada model. Dengan demikian, temuan ini bisa menjadi dasar dalam pengembangan model ANN untuk analisis saham yang lebih efisien