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Reference Value Evaluation of Urine Sediment in Indonesian Adult Population Using Automated Urine Analyzer Eirene Jaquelene Tomatala; Anton Sumarpo; Hani Susanti
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 28, No 3 (2022)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v28i3.1859

Locally established clinical laboratory reference value are required to interpret laboratory test results for screening, diagnosis, prognosis, determining retest criteria or as microscopic confirmation. The objective of this study is to establish urine sediments reference value by using automated urine flow cytometry, investigating erythrocyte, leukocyte, epithelial cells, types of epithelial cells, bacteria, casts, pathologic casts, crystals, yeast, sperm, and mucus in Indonesian population using Sysmex UF-4000. A cross sectional study was conducted in October 2018 – April 2019 at R. Said Sukanto National Police Hospital in Jakarta. The study involved 240 participants comprised of clinically healthy 120 males and 120 females aged 18-65, with normal urine chemistry, hematology, blood glucose, liver function (AST, ALT), and renal function (urea, creatinine). The reference value was reported in microliter (μL) or in High Performance Field (HPF) or Low Performance Field (LPF). Mann-Whitney test through MedCalc software was used to test significant differences with p value <0.05. This study observed significant differences between males and females in erythrocyte, epithelial cells, epithelial cell variety, bacteria, pathologic casts, and yeast—which are evidently higher in female patients. However, the mucus in LPF levels is found to be higher in male patients instead of the female, disparate than current reference value. Therefore, the reference value results were separated between the two groups in those aspects, whereas the results of other urine sediment characteristics studied were combined. As most reference value obtained are still within range of existing references, reference value established with Sysmex UF-4000 can be useful.

Reference Value Evaluation of Urine Sediment in Indonesian Adult Population Using Automated Urine Analyzer Eirene Jaquelene Tomatala; Anton Sumarpo; Hani Susanti
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 28 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v28i3.1859

Locally established clinical laboratory reference value are required to interpret laboratory test results for screening, diagnosis, prognosis, determining retest criteria or as microscopic confirmation. The objective of this study is to establish urine sediments reference value by using automated urine flow cytometry, investigating erythrocyte, leukocyte, epithelial cells, types of epithelial cells, bacteria, casts, pathologic casts, crystals, yeast, sperm, and mucus in Indonesian population using Sysmex UF-4000. A cross sectional study was conducted in October 2018 – April 2019 at R. Said Sukanto National Police Hospital in Jakarta. The study involved 240 participants comprised of clinically healthy 120 males and 120 females aged 18-65, with normal urine chemistry, hematology, blood glucose, liver function (AST, ALT), and renal function (urea, creatinine). The reference value was reported in microliter (Î¼L) or in High Performance Field (HPF) or Low Performance Field (LPF). Mann-Whitney test through MedCalc software was used to test significant differences with p value <0.05. This study observed significant differences between males and females in erythrocyte, epithelial cells, epithelial cell variety, bacteria, pathologic casts, and yeast”which are evidently higher in female patients. However, the mucus in LPF levels is found to be higher in male patients instead of the female, disparate than current reference value. Therefore, the reference value results were separated between the two groups in those aspects, whereas the results of other urine sediment characteristics studied were combined. As most reference value obtained are still within range of existing references, reference value established with Sysmex UF-4000 can be useful.

Synergistic Antibacterial Activities of Ginger and Lemongrass Essential Oils as an Alternative Prevention to Food-Borne Disease Sahamastuti, Agnes Anania Triavika; Andre, Andre; Foustine, Shania; Sumarpo, Anton; Hartiadi, Leonny Yulita
Indonesian Journal of Life Sciences 2019: IJLS Vol 01 No .02
Publisher : Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences

Background: Lemongrass and ginger are traditional food ingredients in Asian countries, including Indonesia, Thailand, India, and Malaysia. Although their single essential oil has been assessed for its antibacterial activities, no report has been done for their combination. Material and methods: Our study evaluated single and combination of these herbs for their antibacterial properties against food-borne bacteria E. coli (NEB® catalog No. C2989K), B. subtilis (ATCC 6633), S. typhi (ATCC 14028) and S. aureus (InaCC B4). Essential oil of lemongrass and ginger were obtained by steam distillation and their antimicrobial were evaluated using disk diffusion assay with chloramphenicol as the standard antibiotic. Synergistic activity was assessed using the combination of materials at two or four-fold dilution from their respected MIC value. Results: We confirmed that single lemongrass and ginger essential oils inhibited the bacteria growth with MIC value of about 1-5% and 2.5-5%, respectively. Moreover, their synergism activities were observed when both were mixed at two-fold dilution from their respective MIC. Conclusion: We conclude that the combination of the ginger essential oils and lemongrass essential oils may have potential as a natural preservative to prevent food-borne diseases.

Hubungan Karakteristik Faktor Sosioekonomi Dengan Masa Survival Pasien Kanker Kolorektal Di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Nganjuk, Jawa Timur Husodo, Muhammad Imam Lebdo; Raharjo, Budiono; Hernanda, Pratika Yuhyi; Sugeng, Maria Widijanti; Erny, Erny; Sumarpo, Anton
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 12, No 2 (2025): Volume 12 Nomor 2
Publisher : Prodi Kedokteran Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/jikk.v12i2.17987

Kanker kolorektal merupakan suatu kegansan yang bermula dari jaringan mukosa usus besar, yang secara struktur terdiri dari kolon dan/atau rectum. Hingga saat ini, insiden kanker kolorektal menduduki urutan ketiga dari seluruh jenis kanker di dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari hubungan dan memberikan gambaran mengenai factor sosioekonomi meliputi variable status perkawinan, status bekerja, status pendidikan, dan masa survival pada pasien kanker kolorektal di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Nganjuk. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif analitik. Data dikumpulkan dari rekam medis pasien kanker kolorektal yang dirawat di RSUD Nganjuk. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan uji statistik Kaplan-Meier dan log-rank test untuk menganalisa gambaran factor sosioekonomi dengan masa survival pasien kanker kolorektal di RSUD Nganjuk. Terdapat gambaran masa survival yang cenderung lebih baik pada pasien berstatus menikah, bekerja, dan berpendidikan di bawah SLTA. Meskipun hasil penelitian menunjukkan hubungan yang tidak signifikan, didapatkan gambaran masa survival yang lebih baik pada variabel pasien dengan kategori menikah, bekerja, dan pendidikan di bawah SLTA.

Epistaxis as The Initial Presentation of Primary Sjögren Syndrome: A Case Report Stephani Linggawan; Eric Satrio Adi Prabowo; Catherine Keiko Gunawan; Budiono Raharjo; Anton Sumarpo
Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma Vol 14, No 1 (2025): EDISI MARET 2025
Publisher : Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30742/jikw.v14i1.4249

Background: Primary Sjögren syndrome is chronic systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the exocrine glands, most commonly presenting with dryness of the mouth and eyes. This case is very rare, which the antibody in the Sjogren's syndrome case concerns platelets. Objective: This case report emphasizes the occurrence of epistaxis in Sjögren Syndrome. Case Presentation: This case describes a 30-year-old male presenting with recurrent epistaxis as the initial clinical manifestation. Further clinical evaluation revealed hypertensive crisis and dryness in the mouth and nasal mucosa. The clinical presentation raised suspicion of an underlying autoimmune condition, prompting further testing, which confirmed the presence of anti -Sjögren’s syndrome type B (SSB) antibodies on an antinuclear antibody (ANA) profile. Result: The criteria for Sjogren's syndrome are based on the criteria if eye and mouth symptoms, eye and mouth clinical signs, and one of autoantibodies are found Anti-Ro (SSA), Anti-La (SSB), Antinuclear antibodies (ANA), Rheumatoid factor (RF). From this case has found symptoms of mouth and antibodies SSB. Conclusion: This case highlights that epistaxis can be caused by autoimmune cases, for epistaxis it is better to do screening for autoimmune examination test, emphasizing the need for further research to elucidate the diverse clinical manifestation, progression and prognosis factor.

Analisis Rasio Monosit terhadap Limfosit pada Penderita Osteoartritis di Surabaya Efawati, Susi; Ngibad, Khoirul; Raharjo, Budiono; Linggawan, Stephani; Sumarpo, Anton
MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal Vol 5, No 5 (2025): Volume 5 Nomor 5 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/mahesa.v5i5.17922

ABSTRACT Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease characterized by progressive erosion of articular cartilage components. The known pathogenesis of osteoarthritis mainly includes immunological, bone metabolism, and biomechanical factors. Lymphocytes and monocytes are key regulatory cells for innate and acquired immunity, and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio may describe the immune status in osteoarthritis patients. This study aims to analyze the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio in osteoarthritis patients in Surabaya. This is an analytical observational research with a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted in March - June 2024. The population in this study were osteoarthritis patients at Mitra Keluarga Hospital, Surabaya. The number of samples taken using the purposive sampling technique for this study was 31 people. The results showed that the average monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio in osteoarthritis patients was 2.04. Meanwhile, the average monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio in control subjects was 0.22. There was a significant difference in the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio between osteoarthritis patients compared to the control group. Keywords: Monocyte-To-Lymphocyte Ratio, Osteoarthritis, Joints ABSTRAK Osteoartritis merupakan salah satu penyakit degeneratif pada sendi yang ditandai dengan erosi komponen kartilago artikular secara progresif. Patogenesis osteoartritis yang diketahui terutama mencakup faktor imunologi, metabolisme tulang, dan biomekanik. Limfosit dan monosit adalah sel kunci untuk imunitas bawaan dan didapat, dan rasio monosit terhadap limfosit menggambarkan status imunitas pada penderita osteoartritis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis rasio monosit terhadap limfosit pada penderita osteoartritis di Surabaya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Maret - Juni 2024. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien osteoartritis di Rumah Sakit Mitra Keluarga, Surabaya. Jumlah sampel yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling untuk penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 31 orang. Hasil penelitian didapatkan rata-rata rasio monosit terhadap limfosit penderita osteoartritis sebesar 2,04 sedangkan rata-rata rasio monosit limfosit pasien kontrol adalah sebesar 0,22. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada rasio monosit terhadap limfosit antara penderita osteoarthritis dibandingkan dengan populasi kontrol. Kata Kunci: Rasio Monosit Terhadap Limfosit, Osteoartritis, Sendi

Hubungan Karakteristik Kanker Kolorektal dan Jenis Terapinya dengan Masa Survival Pasien di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Nganjuk Fitrianto, Muhammad Rizki; Hernanda, PratikaYuhyi; Sugeng, Maria Widjianti; Raharjo, Budiono; Linggawan, Stephani; Sumarpo, Anton
MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal Vol 5, No 6 (2025): Volume 5 Nomor 6 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/mahesa.v5i6.18564

ABSTRACT Colorectal cancer survival refers to the prognosis of patients following a diagnosis of the disease. Various factors contribute to the survival outcomes of individuals diagnosed with colorectal cancer, including tumor characteristics—such as the tumor's location and stage—as well as the type of therapeutic interventions administered. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the characteristics of colorectal cancer, the therapeutic approaches employed, and patient survival rates at Nganjuk General Hospital. This study employed a retrospective design with a cross-sectional approach, focusing on patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer at Nganjuk General Hospital in Surabaya over the period from 2019 to 2024. The analysis of the associations among colorectal cancer metastasis, tumor location, and chemotherapy type with patient survival duration revealed the following p-values: 0.122 for the relationship between metastasis and survival period, 0.268 for the association between tumor location and survival, and 0.210 for the correlation between chemotherapy type and survival time. Our findings indicate that there is no significant association between the characteristics of colorectal cancer, the type of therapy administered, and the survival duration of patients treated at RSUD Nganjuk. Keywords: Colorectal Cancer, Patient Survival, Therapeutic Intervention ABSTRAK Keberlangsungan hidup (survival) pada pasien dengan kanker kolorektal berkaitan erat dengan prognosis pasien dan waktu saat terdiagnosis (time-to-diagnosis). Berbagai faktor berkontribusi terhadap hasil kelangsungan hidup individu yang didiagnosis dengan kanker kolorektal, termasuk karakteristik tumor—seperti lokasi dan stadium tumor—serta jenis intervensi terapeutik yang diberikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki hubungan antara karakteristik kanker kolorektal, pendekatan terapeutik yang digunakan, dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup pasien di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Nganjuk. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain retrospektif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Subjek penelitian yang digunakan adalah pasien yang didiagnosis dengan kanker kolorektal di RSUD Nganjuk di Surabaya selama periode 2019 hingga 2024. Hubungan antara metastasis kanker kolorektal, lokasi tumor, dan jenis kemoterapi terhadap durasi kelangsungan hidup pasien menunjukkan nilai p sebagai berikut: 0,122 untuk hubungan antara metastasis dan periode kelangsungan hidup, 0,268 untuk asosiasi antara lokasi tumor dan kelangsungan hidup, serta 0,210 untuk korelasi antara jenis kemoterapi dan waktu kelangsungan hidup. Penelitian kami menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada asosiasi yang signifikan antara karakteristik kanker kolorektal, jenis terapi yang diberikan, dan durasi kelangsungan hidup pasien yang dirawat di RSUD Nganjuk. Kata Kunci: Kanker Kolorektal, Keberlangsungan Hidup, Intervensi Terapeutik

Hubungan rasio monosit/high density lipoprotein (HDL) dengan indeks massa tubuh pada pasien dengan penyakit jantung koroner Raharjo, Budiono; Kurniawati, Renny; Wijayanti, Christina Destri Wiwis; Linggawan, Stephani; Sumarpo, Anton; Bintoro, Siprianus Ugroseno Yudho
Holistik Jurnal Kesehatan Vol. 19 No. 2 (2025): Volume 19 Nomor 2
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan-fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/hjk.v19i2.651

Background: The incidence of coronary heart disease continues to increase every year. The monocyte/high density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio has recently been proposed as a new predictor and prognostic indicator in cardiovascular disease. Obesity is one of the risk factors for coronary heart disease that can be measured using body mass index (BMI). Purpose: To determine the relationship between the monocyte/high density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio and body mass index (BMI) in patients with coronary heart disease. Method: This observational analytical study with a cross-sectional approach used research subjects with coronary heart disease at Mitra Keluarga Hospital, Waru during the period of January 2023 - January 2024. The sample in this study was taken by purposive sampling. The correlation test of the monocyte/high density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio with body mass index (BMI) was carried out using SPSS software version 29. Results: Body mass index in coronary heart patients was found that most patients were included in the type I obesity category as many as 9 people (30%). The monocyte/HDL ratio in coronary heart patients was found to be an average of 20.28. Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between the monocyte/HDL ratio and BMI in coronary heart patients. Suggestion: Further researchers can conduct similar research in hospital institutions with a larger sample size. Keywords: Body Mass Index; High Density Lipoprotein; Monocyte. Pendahuluan: Penyakit jantung koroner terus mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya. Rasio monosit/high density lipoprotein (HDL), baru-baru ini diusulkan sebagai prediktor dan indikator prognosis baru pada penyakit kardiovaskular. Obesitas merupakan salah satu faktor resiko penyakit jantung koroner yang dapat diukur menggunakan indeks massa tubuh (IMT). Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan rasio monosit/high density lipoprotein (HDL) dengan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) pada pasien dengan penyakit jantung koroner. Metode: Penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional ini menggunakan subjek penelitian dengan penyakit jantung koroner di Rumah Sakit Mitra Keluarga, Waru selama rentang waktu bulan Januari 2023 – Januari 2024. Sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil secara purposive sampling. Uji korelasi rasio monosit/high density lipoprotein (HDL) dengan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) dilakukan dengan piranti lunak SPSS versi 29. Hasil: Indeks massa tubuh pada pasien jantung koroner didapatkan sebagian besar pasien termasuk dalam kategori obesitas tipe I sebanyak 9 orang (30%). Rasio monosit/HDL pada pasien jantung koroner didapatkan rata-rata sebesar 20.28. Simpulan: Tidak ditemukan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara rasio monosit/HDL dengan IMT pasien jantung koroner. Saran: Peneliti selanjutnya dapat melakukan penelitian serupa pada instansi rumah sakit dengan jumlah sampel yang lebih besar. Kata Kunci: High Density Lipoprotein; Indeks Massa Tubuh; Monosit.

Gambaran fragmented red blood cell pada pasien dengan anemia defisiensi besi Raharjo, Budiono; Nastietie, Arinda Rindang; Linggawan, Stephani; Sumarpo, Anton
Holistik Jurnal Kesehatan Vol. 19 No. 3 (2025): Volume 19 Nomor 3
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan-fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/hjk.v19i3.652

Background: Morphological abnormalities of erythrocytes in the form of fragmented red blood cells (schistocytes) are fragments of erythrocytes that have various shapes and are smaller than normal erythrocytes. In iron deficiency anemia, fragmented red blood cells are the result of oxidative stress conditions in the body, which triggers erythrocytes to be damaged or ruptured. Iron deficiency anemia occurs at all stages of the life cycle, but is more common in pregnant women and young children. The highest prevalence is between the ages of 12-15 years when needs are at their peak. In all Member States of the Southeast Asia Region, except Thailand, more than 25% of adolescent girls are reported to have anemia; in some countries the prevalence reaches 50%. Purpose: To determine the picture of fragmented red blood cells in patients with iron deficiency anemia. Method: This quantitative analytical descriptive study used iron deficiency anemia subjects and normal subjects at Mitra Keluarga Waru Hospital in 2020. Sampling used a quota sampling technique of 52 respondents. The inclusion criteria included all iron deficiency anemia patients, while the exclusion criteria included all diseases other than iron deficiency anemia and all iron deficiency anemia patients who did not have complete medical records. Data processing was carried out using Microsoft Excel software. Results: The average age of iron deficiency anemia respondents was 41.71 years with a standard deviation of 16.05 in the age range of 18-80 years and most of the iron deficiency anemia respondents were female, namely 45 (86.5%). The average level of fragmented red blood cells in iron deficiency anemia patients was 2.74% (1.11-20.40%). Conclusion: The incidence of iron deficiency anemia tends to occur in women at the age of ≥30 years with an average proportion of fragmented red blood cells in iron deficiency anemia patients higher than normal patients. Suggestion: Further researchers can conduct similar studies with a larger sample size and compare the factors causing red blood cell fragmentation in patients with iron deficiency anemia. Keywords: Fragmented Red Blood Cells; Iron Deficiency Anemia; Oxidative Stress. Pendahuluan: Kelainan morfologi eritrosit berupa fragmented red blood cell (skistosit) merupakan pecahan dari eritrosit yang memiliki beragam bentuk dan lebih kecil dari eritrosit normal. Pada anemia defisiensi besi, fragmented red blood cell merupakan akibat dari adanya kondisi stres oksidatif pada tubuh, sehingga memicu eritrosit mengalami kerusakan atau pecah. Anemia defisiensi besi terjadi pada semua tahap siklus hidup, tetapi lebih umum terjadi pada wanita hamil dan anak-anak kecil. Prevalensi tertinggi adalah antara usia 12-15 tahun ketika kebutuhan berada pada puncaknya. Di semua negara anggota wilayah Asia Tenggara, kecuali Thailand, lebih dari 25% gadis remaja dilaporkan mengalami anemia da di beberapa negara prevalensinya mencapai 50%. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui gambaran fragmented red blood cell pada pasien anemia defisiensi besi. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif analitik kuantitatif ini menggunakan subjek dengan anemia defisiensi besi dan normal di Rumah Sakit Mitra Keluarga, Waru pada tahun 2020. Pengumpuln sampel menggunakan teknik quota sampling sebanyak 52 responden. Kriteria inklusi meliputi semua pasien dengan anemia defisiensi besi, sedangkan kriteria eksklusi meliputi semua penyakit yang bukan penyakit anemia defisiensi besi dan semua penderita anemia defisiensi besi yang tidak memiliki rekam medik lengkap. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan piranti lunak Microsoft Excel. Hasil: Usia rata-rata responden anemia defisiensi besi adalah 41.71 tahun dengan standar deviasi 16.05 pada rentang usia 18-80 tahun dan sebagian besar responden anemia defisiensi besi berjenis kelamin perempuan sebanyak 45 (86.5%). Rerata kadar fragmented red blood cell pada pasien dengan anemia defisiensi besi adalah sebesar 2.74% (1.11-20.40%). Simpulan: Kejadian anemia defisiensi besi cenderung terjadi pada jenis kelamin perempuan di usia ≥30 tahun dengan proporsi rerata fragmented red blood cell pada penderita anemia defisiensi besi lebih tinggi dibanding pasien normal. Saran: Peneliti selanjutnya dapat melakukan penelitian serupa dengan jumlah sampel yang lebih besar dan membandingkan dengan faktor-faktor terjadinya fragmented red blood cell pada penderita anemia defisiensi besi. Kata Kunci: Anemia Defisiensi Besi; Fragmented Red Blood Cells; Stres Oksidatif.

Effectiveness And Safety Of Erdosteinie In Management Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A Systematic And Meta-Analysis Yolanda, Lorensia; Gunawan, Catherine Keiko; Sumarpo, Anton; Sahamastuti, Agnes Anania Triavika; Cokro, Fonny
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 12, No 9 (2025): Volume 12 Nomor 9
Publisher : Prodi Kedokteran Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/jikk.v12i9.20524

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic lung disease that cause limitation in the airflow and chronic inflammation. Erdosteine has been proposed as a potential therapeutic option for COPD management, based on its antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of erdosteine in COPD patients. Multiple databases have been involved in the literature study following PRISMA guidelines, identifying randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared erdosteine with placebo. A total of seven studies were included in the qualitative analysis, and nine were analyzed quantitatively. Meta-analysis results indicated that erdosteine significantly improved forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and 8-isoprostan levels, and lowered interleukin-8 (IL-8) concentrations. Subgroup analyses demonstrated greater benefits in patients with moderate to severe COPD (stage II/III). Safety analysis revealed that erdosteine was generally well-tolerated, with only mild adverse effects reported. However, study limitations included high heterogeneity and potential bias in some trials. Overall, the findings suggest that erdosteine is an effective and safe adjunct therapy for COPD.

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