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All Journal Pharmaciana: Jurnal Kefarmasian JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan Suara Forikes Belitung Nursing Journal JURNAL MANAJEMEN DAN PELAYANAN FARMASI (Journal of Management and Pharmacy Practice) JSFK (Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis) Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia Indonesian Journal of Cancer Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Holistik Jurnal Kesehatan Jurnal Info Kesehatan Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional (National Public Health Journal)
Nadia Farhanah Syafhan
Division Of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty Of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, West Java, Indonesia | Universitas Indonesia Hospital, Jl. Prof. DR. Bahder Djohan, Pondok Cina, Beji, Depok, West Java 16424, Indonesia
Aerospace Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Computer Science & IT Dentistry Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Pemakaian Obat Nefrotoksik Sebagai Determinan Drug-Induced Acute Kidney Injury (D-AKI) Hadiwati, Rangkay; Andrajati, Retnosari; Syafhan, Nadia Farhanah; Wahono, Dwi Edi
Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan SUARA FORIKES Vol 15, No 1 (2024): Januari-Maret 2024
Publisher : FORIKES

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/sf15130

Abstract

Events related to drug reactions are very difficult to recognize, because they often look like other diseases and many symptoms of drug reactions appear, especially for short drug exposures. Acute Kidney Injury is a condition that affects the structure and function of the kidneys, which is characterized by a sudden decrease in kidney function which causes necrosis of the tubules. The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of Drug-Induced Acute Kidney Injury and determine the main risk factors as well as drug data that can influence the increase in serum creatinine levels during treatment. This study implemented a cross-sectional design. The sampling location was the Medical Records section of Gatot Soebroto Army Hospital, with a sample size of 56 patients identified using the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria and using trigger tools. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. The results of the analysis showed that the prevalence of Drug-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in the RSPAD Gatot Soebroto inpatient room was 8.975%-18.527%. Factors that influence the occurrence of Drug-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in the inpatient room were comorbidities (PR = 8.975; 95% CI = 1.317-61.159; p-value = 0.025) and drug interactions (PR = 18.527; 95% CI = 1.727 -177.909; p-value = 0.011). In general, the most widely used nephrotoxic drugs were a combination of >3 types of nephrotoxic drugs, diuretics, NSAIDs, cephalosporins, ARBs, ACEi and chemotherapy drugs. Based on the research results, it was concluded that the use of nephrotoxic drugs was a determinant of Drug-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in the Gatot Soebroto Army Hospital inpatient room.Keywords: kidney disease; Drug-Induced Acute Kidney Injury; nephrotoxic drugs; trigger tools; creatinine ABSTRAK Kejadian yang berhubungan dengan reaksi obat sangat sulit dikenali, karena sering tampak seperti penyakit lain dan banyak gejala reaksi obat yang muncul, terutama untuk paparan obat yang singkat. Acute Kidney Injury adalah salah satu dari kondisi yang mempengaruhi struktur dan fungsi ginjal, yang ditandai dengan penurunan fungsi ginjal secara tiba-tiba yang menyebabkan nekrosis pada tubulus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis prevalensi Drug-Induced Acute Kidney Injury dan menentukan faktor risiko utama serta data obat-obatan yang dapat mempengaruhi peningkatan kadar kreatinin serum selama dirawat. Penelitian ini menerapkan desain cross-sectional. Tempat pengambilan sampel adalah bagian Rekam Medis RSPAD Gatot Soebroto, dengan ukuran sampel adalah 56 pasien yang diidentifikasi dengan menggunakan kriteria Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) dan menggunakan trigger tools. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-square. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi Drug-Induced Acute Kidney Injury di ruang rawat inap RSPAD Gatot Soebroto adalah 8,975%-18,527%. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya Drug-Induced Acute Kidney Injury di ruang rawat inap adalah komorbid (PR = 8,975; 95% CI = 1,317-61,159; p-value = 0,025) dan interaksi obat (PR = 18,527; 95% CI = 1,727-177,909; p-value = 0,011). Secara umum obat nefrotoksik yang paling banyak digunakan adalah kombinasi obat nefrotoksik >3 macam, obat diuretik, NSAID, sefalosporin, ARB, ACEi dan obat kemoterapi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa pemakaian obat nefrotoksik merupakan determinan dari Drug-Induced Acute Kidney Injury di ruang rawat inap RSPAD Gatot Soebroto.Kata kunci: kidney disease;  Drug-Induced Acute Kidney Injury; obat nefrotoksik; trigger tool; kreatinin
Medication Adherence, Glycemic Control and Quality of Life in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a cross-sectional study Eliza, Delila; Syafhan, Nadia Farhanah; Andrajati, Retnosari; Fitriani, Sri Wulandah
JSFK (Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis) Vol 10 No 1 (2023): J Sains Farm Klin 10(1), April 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jsfk.10.1.21-27.2023

Abstract

Medication adherence is important in controlling blood sugar levels (HbA1c) in patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Studies on the relationship between medication adherence and blood sugar control on the quality of life (QoL) in Type 2 DM patients are limited in Indonesia. This study aims to assess the relation between medication adherence with blood sugar control and the quality of life of Type 2 DM patients. This study used a cross-sectional design conducted at Universitas Indonesia Hospital. It used Medication Adherence questionnaires and EuroQoL 5D-5L questionnaires to assess patients’ medication adherence and quality of life. This study involved a total of 74 Type 2 DM patients with an average age of 57 ± 10.74 years. Medication adherence with good blood sugar control (HbA1c <7%) showed a significant relationship (p-value <0.05) with COR values of 3.74 (1.21 - 11.6) compared to non-adherent patients. But not on the QoL Index and VAS (Visual Analog Scale) values, where the value is lower in patients with high adherence and good blood sugar control. Factor asscociated with blood sugar controlled were comorbidites and medication adhrence while factor that associated with quality of life were comorbidities, ages, education and employment status
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Drug-Drug Interactions in Hospitalized Diabetic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study Adil khan, Muhammad; Syafhan, Nadia Farhanah; Andrajati, Retnosari; Wispriyono, Bambang; Noor, Sidra
JSFK (Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis) Vol 11 No 2 (2024): J Sains Farm Klin 11(2), August 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jsfk.11.2.86-94.2024

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic condition frequently associated with complications and comorbidities that often require hospitalization for effective management. Such patients are often prescribed multiple medications, which elevate the risk of potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs). Hence, this study aims to determine the prevalence, severity, common interacting pairs, and factors associated with pDDIs among hospitalized diabetes patients. The study used a retrospective cross-sectional study design conducted at Universitas Indonesia Hospital. Lexicomp® Lexi-InteractTM software was used to analyze and classify possible drug interactions. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify different factors associated with potential DDIs. Of the 200 patients, 89.0% were observed to have pDDIs. A total of 966 interactions were found, of which 75.6% were moderate, 16.2% were minor, and 8.1% were of major severity. Meanwhile, in the risk rating C category, 71.0% were predominant, followed by B and D, 15.0% and 11.0%, respectively. Multivariate regression analysis showed a statistically significant association of pDDIs with 5–8 prescribed medicines (OR=22.8; 95% CI=5.5-94.7; p<0.001), >8 prescribed medicines (OR=64.4; 95% CI=11.3-336.5; p<0.001). The findings of this study revealed that pDDIs are highly prevalent in adult inpatients with diabetes. This emphasizes the critical need for appropriate monitoring and management strategies to reduce pDDIs and their adverse consequences.
Antibiotic Use Evaluation Based on AWaRe Classification in Hospitalized Patients (Intensive and Non-Intensive Care) at Universitas Indonesia Hospital Syafhan, Nadia Farhanah; Sri Wulandah Fitriani; Dinda Bestari Sutantoputri; Nadhila Hasna Hanifah; Adityo Susilo
JSFK (Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis) Vol 11 No 3 (2024): J Sains Farm Klin 11(3), December 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jsfk.11.3.161-168.2024

Abstract

Antibiotic stewardship program has been largely implemented to reduce antibiotic resistance rates. The present study aimed to evaluate antibiotic use based on the AWaRe classification using the ATC/DDD method and Drug Utilization 90% (DU 90%). This analytical descriptive study used a cross-sectional study design and retrospective data collection obtained using a total sampling technique and processed using Microsoft Excel. The sample for this study involved data from inpatients aged ≥ 18 years at Universitas Indonesia Hospital who had been prescribed antibiotics from 1 January - 31 December 2022. Data from patients who only received topical antibiotic or antibiotics without a DDD standard value from WHO, or patients who had incomplete medical record data were excluded from the study. The results of this study indicated that the total use of antibiotics was 427.85 DDD/100 patient-days. Based on the AWaRe (Access, Watch, Reserve) classification, the Watch class became the most frequently used antibiotic group, followed by the Access and Reserve classes. The 90% DU segment was mostly composed of third-generation cephalosporin group and fluoroquinolones which were included in the Watch class. From the result of this study, to optimally reduce resistance rates, antibiotic stewardship programs need to run continuously.
Assessment of medication-related liver and kidney impairment in admitted patients in Depok, Indonesia: an observational study employing the Naranjo algorithm Syafhan, Nadia Farhanah; Aldora, Ghea Shafa; Kamila, Shinta
Pharmaciana Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/pharmaciana.v15i1.29012

Abstract

Liver and kidney impairment caused by medications represents serious side effects that may extend hospital stays and increase the risk of patient death. Implementing strategies to recognize, document, and analyze cases of patient harm related to drug use is crucial for medicines optimization. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of medication-related liver and kidney impairment among hospitalized patients, while also identifying the specific medication categories implicated. A retrospective review of patient records was conducted at Universitas Indonesia Hospital (Depok, Indonesia), focusing on adult patients diagnosed with liver or kidney impairment during their 2021 hospital admission. The Naranjo algorithm was applied to assess the likelihood that these injuries were caused by medications. Among the 4,273 admitted patients, it was found that 1.01% experienced medication-related liver impairment (MRLI), while 0.77% experienced medication-related kidney impairment (MRKI). The most common medications associated with liver impairment were antibiotics (31.58%), cardiovascular medications (24.21%), pain relievers (14.74%), anti-ulcer medications (11.58%), antiviral medications (8.42%), antiemetics (8.42%), and antidiabetic medications (1.05%). In contrast, kidney disease was primarily linked to diuretics (29.76%), antibiotics (21.43%), ACE inhibitors/ARBs (21.43%), antiviral medications (9.52%), and NSAIDs (7.14%). Importantly, there was no statistically significant correlation between the occurrence of MRLI or MRKI and factors such as gender, age, body mass index (BMI), or the presence of other health conditions (p > 0.05). These findings underscore the need for heightened awareness regarding the potential for medication-related impairments in hospitalized patients and suggest that careful monitoring of medication use is essential to mitigate these risks.
Pengaruh Faktor Risiko terhadap Kejadian Peningkatan Kadar Enzim Transaminase pada Pasien Covid-19 dengan Terapi Tocilizumab Nasution, Izza Aulia Rizqika; Andrajati, Retnosari; Syafhan, Nadia Farhanah; Imaniar, Rania
JFIOnline | Print ISSN 1412-1107 | e-ISSN 2355-696X Vol. 15 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia
Publisher : Pengurus Pusat Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (398.476 KB) | DOI: 10.35617/jfionline.v15i1.137

Abstract

Abstract: Tocilizumab is an anti-IL-6 which is recommended as cytokine release syndrome therapy in the treatment of Covid-19. One of the side effects of tocilizumab that can occur is hepatotoxicity, from mild elevated transaminases to severe drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Currently, research related to tocilizumab hepatotoxicity and the risk factors affecting Covid-19 patients is limited and still needs to conduct. This research is an observational study with cross-sectional design. Data collection was carried out retrospectively using secondary data obtained from medical records department, patients with Covid-19 at Universitas Indonesia Hospital in 2020-2021. Patients confirmed with positive Covid-19 receiving Tocilizumab therapy in medical record were included in this study. Patient demographics, clinical diagnoses, laboratory examinations, history of others medication were also reviewed. Patients with less than 18 years old, incomplete medical record data, and referred to other hospitals were excluded. The sampling technique used was total sampling, namely all patients who met the inclusion criteria were taken as subject in this research. Chi-square test was used to analyze the relationship between each risk factors and the incidence of elevated transaminases. The results of Chi-square test showed that several risk factors significantly increased the incidence of elevated transaminases in patients given tocilizumab therapy, including age, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and ceftriaxone as antibiotic therapy.
Evaluation of drug services based on prescription indicators and patient care according to who at the hospital general practitioner (GP) outpatient clinic in Depok, Indonesia Syafhan, Nadia Farhanah; Risni, Hindun Wilda; Salsabila, Azzahra Fahira; Purnama Putri, Raden Jacinda Yasmin; Prasetyaningrum, Marchen
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol 23 No 1 (2025): JIFI
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v23i1.1609

Abstract

The World Health Organization (WHO) has developed prescription and patient care indicators, accompanied by optimal benchmarks, aimed at promoting the rational and optimal medicine use. This study aims to evaluate drug services utilizing WHO prescription and patient care indicators at the hospital General Practitioner (GP) outpatient clinic. The research was conducted retrospectively for prescription indicators, consisting of 1505 prescriptions totaling 4647 medication items administered for 804 individuals between January and December 2022. Prospective data collection to evaluate patient care was conducted from April to May 2023. Evaluation of WHO prescription indicators yielded the following results: the average number of drugs prescribed per patient was 3.09 ± 2.00; the percentage of drug prescribed by generic drug names was 47.47%; the percentage of antibiotic prescriptions was 5.46%; the percentage of injectable drug prescriptions was 6.80%; and the percentage of prescriptions in accordance with the national formulary was 75.91%. The percentages of antibiotic and injectable drug prescriptions met the optimal WHO prescription values. In terms of patient care, the results showed that the average duration of a medical consultation was 12.44±8.1 minutes, the average duration of a drug dispensing was 45.65±28.8 minutes, 96.25% of the drugs were dispensed appropriately, 100% of the drugs were labeled adequately, and 78.78% of the patients were knowledgeable. Age (p=0.111) and gender (p=0.075) showed no significant correlation with patient knowledge. There was a significant relationship between education level (p=0.014) and patient knowledge. Prescription and patient care indicators are aspects of improvement to meet the optimal benchmarks according to WHO standards.
Relationship of Cognitive Function on Medication Adherence and Clinical Outcomes of Geriatric Patients with Diabetic Neuropathy Fauzi, Muhamad Andhika; Syafhan, Nadia Farhanah; Habibie, Taufan Harun
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v5i2.44735

Abstract

Diabetic neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus that significantly impacts quality of life and is also prone to cognitive decline exacerbated by diabetes complications. Medication adherence has been shown to slow or prevent cognitive decline. Neuropathy symptoms, neuropathic pain, and sensory disturbances can worsen cognitive function. This study aimed to assess the relationship between cognitive function and medication adherence, as well as clinical outcomes of neuropathy symptoms in geriatric patients with diabetic neuropathy. This observational cross-sectional study involved 217 geriatric patients at RSUD Tebet from June to September 2024. Cognitive function was assessed using the MoCA-Ina questionnaire, and adherence was measured through questionnaires, medical records, and direct observation (MARS-5, MPR, and Pill Count) as well as DNS scoring to assess clinical outcomes of neuropathy symptoms. This study found that women (71,5%) were more likely to experience cognitive decline than men (28,5%). The study found that medication adherence varied by method. Triangulation showed 64.6% non-adherence in cognitive decline versus 35.4% in normal function (OR 1.774, 95% CI: 1.001-3.144). Caregiver presence significantly affected adherence (p=0.011), with a 2.8 times higher risk of non-adherence and a 2.4 times higher risk of neuropathy symptoms in patients without caregivers.
Literature Review on the Appropriateness of Medication Prescription in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: Focus on Antibiotic Use Oktamauri, Ariesa; Syafhan, Nadia Farhanah; Sari, Santi Purna
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v5i3.44784

Abstract

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) significantly impacts pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, altering drug metabolism and excretion, thus increasing the risk of drug toxicity. CKD patients are more susceptible to infections, which contribute to significant morbidity and mortality. This underscores the importance of appropriate antimicrobials used in this population. This literature review explores recent findings on medication prescribing practices, dose adjustments, and factors affecting appropriateness, especially in antibiotic use for CKD patients. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using six databases to identify studies published from 2015 to 2024. Twenty-six studies were included. This literature review found that prevalence of inappropriate prescriptions in CKD patients ranges widely between 10% to 77.1% and from 30% to 34,9% specifically for antibiotic, with higher rates observed in outpatient settings compared to hospital environments. Antibiotics, antidiabetic agents, antihypertensive, nutraceuticals, and electrolytes are frequently inappropriately prescribed. Factors influencing inappropriate prescription include comorbidity, severity level of kidney disorder, age, and polypharmacy. The antibiotics most commonly prescribed inappropriately include cefazolin, meropenem, oral sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, nebulised colistin, vancomycin, and piperacillin-tazobactam. This study emphasizes the mixed and limited evidence regarding the clinical outcomes of antibiotics dose adjustments in CKD patients. While some studies suggest that antibiotics dose adjustments improve therapeutic outcomes and reduce adverse events, others show no significant impact. Further research is needed to understand the impact of this intervention, as these outcomes may be influenced by various factors. Enhanced education and collaboration between healthcare providers are critical to improving the accuracy of antibiotic prescriptions and ensuring patient safety in CKD management.
Efektivitas intervensi apoteker terhadap optimalisasi terapi opioid dan manajemen nyeri pada pasien kanker: A literature review Budiastuti, Rizky Farmasita; Sari, Santi Purna; Andrajati, Retnosari; Syafhan, Nadia Farhanah
Holistik Jurnal Kesehatan Vol. 19 No. 5 (2025): Volume 19 Nomor 5
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan-fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/hjk.v19i5.872

Abstract

Background: Cancer pain remains a significant clinical challenge, with a high prevalence across various disease stages. Opioids are the mainstay for moderate to severe pain management but carry risks of dependence, tolerance, and serious side effects, necessitating careful supervision. Purpose: To review the effectiveness of pharmacist interventions in managing opioid use among cancer pain patients. Method: A literature search was conducted using two approaches: keyword-based searches through electronic databases (Google Scholar and Scopus) and the snowballing technique. Keywords included "cancer pain," "opioid," "pharmacist intervention," and "breakthrough pain," combined with Boolean operators. After identifying primary articles, backward and forward snowballing was performed to find additional relevant studies. All articles were screened based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The review demonstrates that pharmacist interventions can improve pain control by up to 40%, reduce opioid-related side effects such as constipation by up to 50%, and enhance patient adherence to therapy. In Indonesia, however, barriers such as limited access to strong opioids, low patient education levels, and minimal pharmacist involvement in multidisciplinary teams remain significant challenges. Conclusion: Pharmacists play a strategic role in cancer pain management, particularly in optimizing pain control, minimizing opioid dependence, and managing adverse effects. Their active involvement in multidisciplinary teams enhances patients' quality of life and reduces inappropriate opioid use. Strengthening policies, providing continuous professional development, and conducting context-specific research are essential to optimize pharmacist contributions in Indonesia.   Keywords: Cancer Pain; Opioids; Pain Management; Pharmacist Intervention.   Pendahuluan: Nyeri kanker merupakan tantangan klinis utama dengan prevalensi tinggi pada berbagai tahap penyakit kanker, dan opioid menjadi terapi lini utama untuk nyeri sedang hingga berat. Namun, penggunaannya memiliki risiko ketergantungan, toleransi, serta efek samping serius, sehingga diperlukan pengawasan ketat. Tujuan: Untuk meninjau literatur terkait efektivitas intervensi apoteker dalam pengelolaan penggunaan opioid pada pasien nyeri kanker. Metode: Pencarian literatur dilakukan dengan dua pendekatan, yaitu pencarian menggunakan kata kunci melalui basis data elektronik (Google scholar dan Scopus) serta teknik snowballing. Kata kunci yang digunakan meliputi: "cancer pain", "opioid", "pharmacist intervention", dan "breakthrough pain", yang dikombinasikan menggunakan operator Boolean. Setelah diperoleh artikel utama, dilakukan teknik snowballing secara backward dan forward untuk menemukan studi relevan. Semua artikel yang diperoleh diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil: Tinjauan menunjukkan bahwa intervensi apoteker dapat meningkatkan efektivitas terapi nyeri hingga 40%, menurunkan kejadian konstipasi sebagai efek samping hingga 50%, serta meningkatkan kepatuhan pasien terhadap regimen terapi. Namun, di Indonesia, implementasi peran apoteker masih menghadapi hambatan seperti keterbatasan akses opioid kuat, kurangnya edukasi pasien, dan rendahnya keterlibatan apoteker dalam tim multidisiplin. Simpulan: Dari tinjauan ini menunjukan bahwa intervensi apoteker terbukti memiliki kontribusi strategis dalam pengelolaan nyeri kanker, khususnya melalui pengendalian nyeri yang lebih efektif, pencegahan ketergantungan opioid, dan manajemen efek samping yang lebih terstruktur. Keterlibatan apoteker dalam tim multidisiplin dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien dan menurunkan risiko penggunaan opioid yang tidak tepat. Namun, untuk mengoptimalkan peran ini, diperlukan dukungan kebijakan, pelatihan berkelanjutan, serta riset lebih lanjut dalam konteks lokal untuk menjawab tantangan implementasi di Indonesia.   Kata Kunci: Intervensi Apoteker; Nyeri Kanker; Opioid; Pengelolaan Nyeri.
Co-Authors Abu Rachman Adil khan, Muhammad Aditya Wirawan Adityo Susilo, Adityo AGUSDINI BANUN SAPTANINGSIH Aldora, Ghea Shafa Amarila Malik Andi Utari Prasetya Ningrum Andrajati, Retnosari Ariesa Oktamauri Aziz, Muhammad Luthfi Azizahwati Bambang Karsono Bambang Wispriyono Candra, Tifany Maulida Chairunnisa, Dian Fitri Deli Marteka Delila Eliza DENNI JOKO PURWANTO, DENNI JOKO Dinda Bestari Sutantoputri Djuria, Rachmawati Felani Eliza, Delila Elsa Vera Denida Purba Farmasita Budiastuti, Rizky Fauzi, Muhamad Andhika Fauziyyah, Afina Nur Habibie, Taufan Harun Hadijah Tahir Hadiwati, Rangkay Hindun Wilda Risni Imaniar, Rania Imanuel Sianipar Ingrid Faustine July Kamila, Shinta Kartika Citra Dewi Permata Sari Kurniasih, Fransisca Dhani Kusumawardani, Larasati Arrum Maria, Nisa Meiliani Shara Suria L MUTIARA JEANY RAHAYU PERTIWI Nadhila Hasna Hanifah Nasution, Izza Aulia Rizqika Noor, Sidra Permata Sari, Kartika Citra Dewi Prasetyaningrum, Marchen Pukovisa Prawiroharjo Pukovisa Prawiroharjo, Pukovisa Purnama Putri, Raden Jacinda Yasmin Rachman, Abu Rachmawati Felani Djuria Rani Sauriasari Rani Sauriasari Rani Sauriasari, Rani Retnosari Andrajati Retnosari Andrajati Retnosari Andrajati Retnosari Andrajati Retnosari Andrajati Retnosari Andrajati Risni, Hindun Wilda Salsabila, Azzahra Fahira Santi Purna Sari Sri Wulandah Fitriani Sri Wulandah Fitriani Sri Wulandah Fitriani, Sri Wulandah Thoriq, Syahrul Fath Vriona Ade Maenkar Wahono, Dwi Edi Yahdiana Harahap