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Journal : Paediatrica Indonesiana

Immunization competence retention in medical students: a comparation between conventional lectures and lectures with simulations method Hartono Gunadi; Rini Sekartini; Retno Asti Werdhani; Ardi Findyartini; Muhammad Arvianda Kevin Kurnia
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 55 No 6 (2015): November 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (97.46 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi55.6.2015.339-44

Abstract

Background Immunization is recognized as one of the strategies to reduce vaccine preventable diseases. Competency related to immunization are consequently important for medical students and the medical school needs to assure the competence acquisition. Objective To assess competence related to immunization and its retention following lectures with simulations compared to lectures only. Methods A quasi-experimental study was conducted to the 5th year students of University of Indonesia Medical School during the Child Adolescent Health Module in 2012-2013. The intervention group had lectures with simulations and the control group had lectures only. Immunization knowledge was assessed with a 30 multiple choice question (MCA) items performed before and after the module. Competence retention was assessed by MCQ (knowledge) and OSCE (skills) 2-6 months afterwards. Results Sixty eight subjects for each group with similar characteristics were analyzed. There was significant difference after module MCQ score between two groups. Competence retention in 2-6 months after module completion was better in intervention group, both for the knowledge (median MCQ score of 70.00 (range 37-93) vs. mean score of 58.01 (SD 12.22), respectively; P<0.001) and skill (OSCE mean scores of 75.21 (SD 10.74) vs. 62.62 (SD 11.89), respectively; P < 0.001). Proportion of subjects in the intervention group who passed both the MCQ and OSCE were also significantly greater. Conclusion Lectures with simulations are proved to be more effective in improving medical students’ immunization competence as well as its retention compared to lectures only approach.
Perceptions, practices, and associated factors towards expressed breastfeeding among mothers in Jakarta, Indonesia Pambudi, Wiyarni; Dewanto, Naomi Esthernita Fauzia; Yusra, Yusra; Werdhani, Retno Asti; Endaryanto, Anang; Fahmida, Umi; Alatas, Fatima Safira; Hegar, Badriul
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 64 No. 2 (2024): March 2024
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi64.2.2024.168-75

Abstract

Background Expression of breast milk is a strategy to ensures continuous breastfeeding during temporary separation of infant from the mother. Handling and storage of expressed breast milk (EBM) should be based on established recommendations because these practices can affect milk quality and safety. Objective To describe perceptions and practices of EBM handling and storage, compare with commonly used recommendations and associated factors influencing these practices among mothers in Jakarta, Indonesia, Methods Mothers who practiced expressed breastfeeding (EBF) to their 6-12 weeks-old infants completed questionnaires about their peceptions and practices on how they handle and storage EBM. The differences in perceptions and practices about expressed breastfeeding management were analyzed using the Chi-square or Fisher's exact test. Results Among 30 mothers, 14/30 gave EBF exclusively, 19/30 used breast pump, and 26/30 expressed ³6 times/day. Infants in this study received expressed milk 5-10 times per day. Maternal age and resource of information were factors significantly associated with mother’s perceptions, while maternal age, education, and parity were significantly associated with the practices of EBM handling and storage. Conclusion This study reveals inconsistent perceptions and practices on expressed milk handling and storage by the mothers. They have good knowledge about the theoretical aspects of expressed breastfeeding, but some other techniques are poor, which can be detrimental to the health of the infants. Further study is needed to find more efficient and optimal methods of expressed milk handling and storage, necessitating thoughtful consideration of better practices and recommendations.
Evaluation of anti-diphtheria toxoid antibody persistence in school-age children in Jakarta, Indonesia Santi, Theresia; Prayitno, Ari; Munasir, Zakiudin; Hadinegoro, Sri Rezeki S.; Harahap, Alida Roswita; Werdhani, Retno Asti; Sah Bandar, Ivo Novita; Jo, Juandy; Hegar, Badriul
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 64 No. 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi64.5.2024.447-53

Abstract

Background Diphtheria can be effectively prevented by adequate immunization. A combined vaccine against diphtheria toxoid, pertussis, and tetanus toxoid (DPT) is currently used in routine pediatric immunizations. Outbreaks of diphtheria could emerge in Indonesia as a consequence of declining routine vaccination during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective To analyze the impact of the first (administered at 18-24 months of age ) and second diphtheria boosters (administered at 5-7 years of age ) in retaining protective levels of anti-diphtheria toxoid antibodies. We also investigated for relevant factors associated with anti-diphtheria toxoid antibody titers. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Senen District of Jakarta, Indonesia. The inclusion criteria were healthy children aged 6 to 7 years with documented history of DPT vaccination. Primary vaccination defined as 3 doses of DPT at age less than 1 year , first booster was DPT vaccination at 18-24 years of age, and second booster was diphtheria-tetanus (DT) vaccination received at 5 to 7 years of age. Peripheral blood specimens were obtained from participating children, after informed consent was provided by their parents. Antibodies against diphtheria in sera specimens were assessed by commercial anti-diphtheria toxoid immunoglobulin G (IgG) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results There were 154 children included in the study, with a female majority (61%). Overall, specific humoral immunity against diphtheria was observed in 113 children (73.4%). There was no statistical difference in immunity level between genders. Importantly, children who received the first and second diphtheria booster had significantly higher anti-diphtheria antibody level than those who did not receive both diphtheria booster (P<0.001). Conclusion Booster vaccinations are crucial among school-age children in Indonesia to improve their anti-diphtheria immunity and to minimize a risk of diphtheria outbreaks.
Identifying primary immunodeficiency through the evaluation of severe, persistent, unusual, and recurrent infections in Indonesian children Muktiarti, Dina; Hendarto, Aryono; Munasir, Zakiudin; Wulandari, Dewi; Satari, Hindra Irawan; Werdhani, Retno Asti; Kumara Wati, Ketut Dewi
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 66 No. 2 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Background Primary immunodeficiency (PID) is widely underdiagnosed in countries with high rates of infection and limited diagnostic facilities, such as Indonesia. It remains challenging to distinguish PID from other conditions predisposing children to severe, persistent, unusual, and recurrent (SPUR) infection. Such conditions include secondary immunodeficiency caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, allergic diseases, and chronic diseases with structural or anatomical abnormalities. Objective To evaluate children with SPUR infections for PID and to compare the clinical characteristics of children with PID to those with other underlying conditions. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional, analytic study of children aged 0-18 years presenting with SPUR infections at 10 hospitals in Jakarta, Indonesia, from July 2024 to September 2025. Clinical assessment and laboratory investigations, including immunological tests, were performed to identify the underlying cause of SPUR infections. Children were classified as healthy, PID, secondary immunodeficiency (HIV), allergy, or chronic disease/anatomical abnormalities. Results Two hundred fifty-four subjects (53% male) with a median age of 26 months were included in our study. Most of them had a history of pneumonia (72.1%), diarrhea (31.1%), and pulmonary tuberculosis (27.9%). Thirty-three (13%) subjects were diagnosed with PID, with the majority being male (60.6%). The most common PID found was antibody deficiency (27.3%), followed by immunodeficiencies combined with associated or syndromic features (24.2%), and immunodeficiencies affecting cellular and humoral immunity (21.2%). Median age of onset in the PID group was 12 (3–24) months. Severe malnutrition was most common in children with HIV. Gender, parental consanguinity, and adverse events following live vaccines did not differ significantly across groups. Conclusion The prevalence of PID among children with SPUR infection in this study was 13%, with the most common classification being antibody deficiency.
Co-Authors Achmad Fauzi Kamal Achmad Kemal Harzif Agus Rizal Ardy Hariandy Hamid, Agus Rizal Ardy Hariandy Agus Sugiharto Ahmad Aulia Akbar, Resti Rahmadika Akmal Taher Amilya Agustina Ampri, Irfan Arieqal Hatta Anandita, Faizal Ablansah Anang Endaryanto Ance Adriani Andy Ardhana Mamahit Ardi Findyartini, Ardi Ari Prayitno, Ari Aria Kekalih Aryono Hendarto Asmarinah Badriul Hegar Cantika, Wastucitra Dewanto, Naomi Esthernita Fauzia Dewi Wulandari Dian Kusumadewi Dina Muktiarti, Dina Elsa P. Setiawati Fajriani, Rosalina Fatima Safira Alatas, Fatima Safira Fedri R. Rinawan Ferry Safriadi Fiastuti Witjaksono Gita Pratama Harahap, Alida Roswita Hartono Gunadi Hasan Mihardja Herqutanto - Hindra Irawan Satari Isman Firdaus Ivo Novita Sah Bandar Jenny Bashiruddin Jeo, Wifanto Saditya Juandy Jo Kanadi Sumapradja Ketut Dewi Kumara Wati Khoe, Levina Chandra Koloi, Vican Sefiany Kusuma Dewi, Dian Luh Karunia Wahyuni, Luh Karunia Lusiana, Nadya Mahardika, Abiyyu Ghiyats Malau, Bintang Leonard Mardiastuti H Wahid Maria Melania Muda Michelle, Michelle Mila Maidarti Muchtaruddin Mansyur Muhammad Arvianda Kevin Kurnia Nareswari, Irma Nove Maria Nur Indah Lestari Lestari Nur Rasyid Nuri Purwito Adi Pambudi, Wiyarni Ponco Birowo Pukovisa Prawiroharjo Ramdhani, Aris Ramlan, Andi Ade Retno Wibawanti Reyhan Eddy Yunus Rini Sekartini Rino Alvani Gani Rukmindar, Dion Rusli, Noer Triyanto Salim Harris Savira, Missy Selfi Handayani Setyawati Budiningsih Siti Rahmi Sri Rezeki S. Hadinegoro, Sri Rezeki S. Suharto, Wuryantoro Sulistomo, Astrid Talya, Natasha Tamin, Susyana Tanama, Fery Alfaro Tanoto, Rodri Tantri, Julietta Theresia Santi, Theresia Tiffany, Tiffany Umi Fahmida Vican Sefiany Koloi Widayat Alviandi Widi Atmoko Widjaja, Lydia Rosalina Widjajalaksmi Kusumaningsih Widjajalaksmi Kusumaningsih Winnugroho Wiratman Wistara, Sevita Sathya Yanfaunnas, Atika Mahira Yefta Moenadjat Yusra, Yusra Zakiudin Munasir