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Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Pembuatan Sabun Cair dari Minyak Jelantah di Bank Sampah Sidomulyo Maju Wahyu Ratnaningsih; Andri Saputra; Pani Satwikanitya; Mario Sarisky Dwi Ellianto; Latifah Listyalina; Muh Wahyu Sya'bani; Wisnu Pambudi; Uma Fadzilia Arifin
Journal of Appropriate Technology for Community Services Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/jattec.vol5.iss1.art5

Keberadaan limbah minyak jelantah merupakan suatu hal yang menimbulkan dampak negatif bagi manusia dan lingkungan. Minyak jelantah adalah minyak goreng bekas yang tidak dapat digunakan kembali karena akan menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan, sedangkan apabila dibuang ke lingkungan secara langsung juga akan menyebabkan masalah lain. Bank Sampah Sidomulyo Maju yang terletak di Desa Sidomulyo, Bambanglipuro, Bantul, Yogyakarta dibangun dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat tentang pengelolaan sampah maupun limbah serta meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat. Limbah minyak jelantah dari rumah tangga yang belum dikelola dengan optimal menjadi salah satu permasalahan yang dihadapi masyarakat desa setempat. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut dengan mengolah limbah minyak jelantah menjadi sabun cair. Metode kegiatan ini antara lain memberikan ceramah, diskusi, pelatihan dan pendampingan pembuatan sabun cair oleh 2 instruktur dan 8 asisten instruktur kepada 30 orang peserta yang di antaranya merupakan anggota bank sampah dan masyarakat Desa Sidomulyo. Hasil kegiatan ini berupa pengetahuan dan keterampilan masyarakat dalam melakukan pengolahan limbah minyak jelantah. Masyarakat diharapkan mampu menerapkan pengolahan limbah minyak jelantah menjadi sabun cair sehingga dapat mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan dan meningkatkan nilai tambah. Keaktifan peserta dan antusiasme juga ditunjukkan oleh kinerja peserta selama pelatihan dan produk sabun cair yang dihasilkan serta kegiatan diskusi yang aktif. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan nilai keterserapan materi yang disampaikan dari 50,51 menjadi 94,17. Kata kunci : bank sampah; minyak jelantah;pemberdayaan masyarakat; sabun cair ABSTRACT The existence of used cooking oil has a negative impact on humans and the environment. Used cooking oil cannot be reused because it will cause health problems, while if disposed of directly into the environment it will also cause other problems. Sidomulyo Maju Waste Bank, located in Sidomulyo Village, Bambanglipuro, Bantul, Yogyakarta, was built with the aim of increasing public awareness about waste management and improving the community's economy. Used cooking oil waste from households that has not been managed optimally is one of the problems that faced by the local village community. This community service activity aims to overcome these problems by utilization of used cooking oil waste into liquid soap. The methods of this activity include giving lectures, discussions, training the production of liquid soap by 2 instructors and 8 assistant instructors to 30 participants, including members of the waste bank and the community of Sidomulyo Village. The results of this activity are in the form of community knowledge and skills in utilization of used cooking oil waste. The community is expected to be able to apply the utilization of used cooking oil waste into liquid soap so as to reduce environmental pollution and increase added value. Participants' activeness and enthusiasm were also shown by the participants' performance during the training and the liquid soap products produced as well as active discussion activities. The evaluation results showed that there was an increase in the absorption value of the material presented from 50.51 to 94.17. Keywords : community empowerment; liquid soap; used cooking oil; waste bank

THE EFFECT OF RECYCLED POLYPROPYLENE AND CALCIUM CARBONATE ADDITION ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYPROPYLENE YARN Heni Fitri Astuti; Muh Wahyu Sya’bani
Berkala Penelitian Teknologi Kulit, Sepatu, dan Produk Kulit Vol 23 No 1 (2024): Berkala Penelitian Teknologi Kulit, Sepatu, dan Produk Kulit
Publisher : Politeknik ATK Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

The use of recycled polypropylene can reduce the problem of plastic waste while lowering production costs. Likewise, the addition of calcium carbonate as a filler also reduces costs and influencing the mechanical characteristics of the plastic. However, this effort needs to consider the quality of the final product. This study aims to evaluate the effect of using recycled polypropylene and calcium carbonate on the mechanical characteristics of plastic yarn. Samples with PP : rPP : CaCO3 compositions of 100:0:0, 80:20:0, and 60:20:20 were used as comparisons. Each sample was processed and molded using an extruder machine and the resulting yarn was tested for tensile strength, elongation at break, and tenacity. The mechanical testing value was further confirmed using FTIR spectroscopy analysis. The research results showed that the FTIR spectra between virgin (PP) and recycled polypropylene (rPP) were similar. The tensile strength, elongation at break, and tenacity values of virgin polypropylene are 3.40 kg/mm2, 27.25%, and 5.70 kgf. The addition of 20% RPP shows a decrease in value to 3.10 kg/mm2, 23.60%, and 4.60 kgf due to the presence of parts that were degraded during reprocessing. Meanwhile, the addition of 20% calcium carbonate also provided lower mechanical test results of 2.65 kg/mm2, 22.50%, and 4.25 kgf due to the difficulties of distribution and dispersion of the filler in the polymer matrix.

Investigating the impact of nanoparticle geothermal silica loading on the mechanical properties and vulcanization characteristics of rubber composites Syabani, Muh Wahyu; Rochmadi; Perdana, Indra; Prasetya, Agus
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 8 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.8.1.2023.1190

The present study investigates the effects of nanoparticle geothermal silica (NGS) on the mechanical properties and vulcanization characteristics of rubber compounds with various filler loadings. The rubber compounds were filled with 0, 20, 30, and 40 phr of silica. The properties of NGS were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy, particle size analyzer, and BET surface area analysis to examine its morphology, size distribution, and surface area. The mechanical properties and vulcanization characteristics of the rubber compounds reinforced with NGS were evaluated using a universal testing machine and moving die rheometer. The results showed that NGS possessed the primary particle sizes below 20 nm and a surface area of 168.35 m2/g. The interaction between silica and rubber determined the modulus of the rubber composites and the vulcanization characteristics. The tensile strength of the rubber compounds, meanwhile, showed a significant increase more than threefold as the filler loading increased from 0 phr to 30 phr, followed by a slight decline at 40 phr loading. The addition of 20 phr of silica led to a prolonged scorch time compared to the filler-free compound due to the adsorption of activators and accelerators. However, the scorch time decreased after reaching 30 phr of silica loading, which could be attributed to the higher amount of bound rubber covering a portion of the silica surface, thereby reducing its ability to adsorb the activator. The presence of silica with good thermal conductivity enabled a better heat transfer during the vulcanization process, resulting in shorter curing times for higher loading. Rubber compounds with an NGS loading of 30 phr demonstrated a favorable balance between filler-rubber interactions, vulcanization characteristics, and mechanical properties in the rubber compounds.

Unveiling the Signature of Halal Leather: A Comparative Study of Surface Morphology, Functional Groups and Thermal Characteristics Syabani, Muh Wahyu; Iswahyuni, Iswahyuni; Warmiati, Warmiati; Prayitno, Kutut Aji; Saraswati, Henny; Hernandha, Rahmandhika Firdauzha Hary
Indonesian Journal of Halal Research Vol 5, No 2 (2023): August
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/ijhar.v5i2.25702

The halal certification of products holds significant importance for Muslim consumers, necessitating the development of reliable techniques for identifying leather products made from raw materials. This study employed rapid and accurate analytical methods to distinguish between cowhide, pigskin, and artificial leather. A combination of scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to assess the variations in collagen fiber structures and thermal stability among the leather samples. The findings revealed that morphological surface analysis, including grain patterns and pores, facilitated swift differentiation between different leather types. Pigskins exhibit three-hole patterns on their morphological surface compared to cowhide, with random pores and tighter grain patterns, whereas artificial leather lacks natural grain patterns and pores altogether. While FTIR spectra exhibited similarities between cowhide and pigskin leathers, variations in vibration intensity enabled effective discrimination. Artificial leather, particularly PVC-based materials, displayed distinct spectra, allowing FTIR spectroscopy to effectively discern between halal and non-halal leather. Cowhide possesses strong and sharp vibration at wavenumber 1736, 1277, and 817 cm-1 compared to pigskin, which has stronger vibration at 1534 cm-1. Meanwhile, PVC-based artificial leather exhibited stretching at 1723 and 744 cm-1 wavenumbers. DSC analysis proved valuable in differentiating between genuine and artificial leather based on unique peaks and thermal behavior. These three techniques provide reliable means to determine the raw material origins of leather products.

KINETIKA VULKANISASI KARET MENGGUNAKAN BIOPLASTICIZER MINYAK KAKAO TEREPOKSI Satwikanitya, Pani; Saputra, Andri; Sya’bani, Muh Wahyu; Agustian, Mertza Fitra
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA MINERAL Vol 2 No 1 (2023): JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA MINERAL
Publisher : Unit Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Politeknik ATI Makassaar

Kinetika vulkanisasi karet menggunakan bioplasticizer minyak kakao terepoksi dipelajari berdasarkan data output moving die rheometer. Data percobaan didekati dengan beberapa model kinetika, yaitu model reaksi orde 1, orde 2, dan Deng-Isayev. Konstanta laju reaksi (k) pada model reaksi orde 1 dan orde 2 dihitung dari data torsi yang merupakan fungsi waktu (M = f(t)). Sedangkan pada model Deng-Isayev, nilai k dan orde reaksi (n) ditentukan menggunakan optimasi multivariable dengan tools Solver pada aplikasi Excel. Nilai energi aktivasi (Ea) diperoleh dari persamaan Arrhenius. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan model Deng-Isayev dapat merepresentasikan data percobaan dengan baik. Konstanta laju reaksi sebanding dengan kenaikan suhu vulkanisasi. Reaksi vulkanisasi karet menggunakan minyak kakao terepoksi berlangsung pada orde (n) 3 dengan energi aktivasi (Ea) sebesar 157,55 kJ/mol.

Pemlastis epoksi ester minyak sawit sebagai pengganti epoksi minyak kedelai pada kulit imitasi Utami, Ratri Retno; Satwikanitya, Pani; Saputra, Andri; Syabani, Muh Wahyu; Indahwati, Luthfi Auliya; Ilmannafia, Danuraja
Jurnal Agrotek Ummat Vol 11, No 4 (2024): Jurnal Agrotek Ummat
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/jau.v11i4.26741

A plasticizer is a liquid added to synthetic leather materials to make the product softer, more flexible, and easier to process. The development of sustainable plasticizers in this study was achieved using palm oil as the primary raw material. The study aimed to evaluate the application of epoxidized palm oil esters on imitation leather. The epoxidation process used palm oil esters as the base material, with acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and amberlite resin as catalysts. The mixture was heated to a temperature of 60 °C and stirred at a speed of 400 rpm for 4 hours. The resulting epoxy oil was then applied to the top layer of imitation leather, and its mechanical properties were tested. Epoxidized palm oil esters replaced 50% and 100% of epoxidized soybean oil the imitation leather. As a control, plasticizers from commercial epoxidized soybean oil were used. The mechanical test results showed that replacing 100% of the epoxidized soybean oil with palm oil esters in synthetic leather did not result in significant differences in longitudinal tensile strength and transverse elongation compared to the control. However, artificial leather with epoxidized palm oil esters demonstrated better tear resistance than the control. Further studies are required to determine the optimal conditions for the epoxidation reaction, fatty acid composition, and stability of epoxidized palm oil esters.

Unveiling the Signature of Halal Leather: A Comparative Study of Surface Morphology, Functional Groups and Thermal Characteristics Syabani, Muh Wahyu; Iswahyuni, Iswahyuni; Warmiati, Warmiati; Prayitno, Kutut Aji; Saraswati, Henny; Hernandha, Rahmandhika Firdauzha Hary
Indonesian Journal of Halal Research Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): August
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/ijhar.v5i2.25702

The halal certification of products holds significant importance for Muslim consumers, necessitating the development of reliable techniques for identifying leather products made from raw materials. This study employed rapid and accurate analytical methods to distinguish between cowhide, pigskin, and artificial leather. A combination of scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to assess the variations in collagen fiber structures and thermal stability among the leather samples. The findings revealed that morphological surface analysis, including grain patterns and pores, facilitated swift differentiation between different leather types. Pigskins exhibit three-hole patterns on their morphological surface compared to cowhide, with random pores and tighter grain patterns, whereas artificial leather lacks natural grain patterns and pores altogether. While FTIR spectra exhibited similarities between cowhide and pigskin leathers, variations in vibration intensity enabled effective discrimination. Artificial leather, particularly PVC-based materials, displayed distinct spectra, allowing FTIR spectroscopy to effectively discern between halal and non-halal leather. Cowhide possesses strong and sharp vibration at wavenumber 1736, 1277, and 817 cm-1 compared to pigskin, which has stronger vibration at 1534 cm-1. Meanwhile, PVC-based artificial leather exhibited stretching at 1723 and 744 cm-1 wavenumbers. DSC analysis proved valuable in differentiating between genuine and artificial leather based on unique peaks and thermal behavior. These three techniques provide reliable means to determine the raw material origins of leather products.

Transesterification of Palm Olein to Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (POle-ME) Using Base Catalysts Utami, Ratri Retno; Saputra, Andri; Satwikanitya, Pani; Sya’bani, Muh Wahyu; Warmiati, Warmiati; Indahwati, Luthfi Auliya; Ilmannafia, Danuraja
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jaast.v9i3.344

Palm olein esters are potentially convertible into epoxy oil, which can serve as a plasticizer. Palm olein can be reacted with alcohol in the presence of a base catalyst in a process named transesterification. This study aimed to investigate the application of palm olein to produce fatty acid methyl esters (POLe-ME) using sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide as catalysts, which are then evaluated for their potential as plasticizers. The research process involved selecting raw materials based on the iodine and acid numbers. Subsequently, transesterification was conducted using 1% base catalysts. The characterization of POle-ME included evaluating its acid number, iodine number, viscosity, fatty acid composition, and functional groups. The findings indicate that using a molar ratio of oil to methanol of 1:6 and potassium hydroxide as a catalyst achieved the highest yield at 94.99%. The produced POle-ME exhibited a peak at 1436 cm-1, indicating the presence of a methyl ester functional group. The fatty acid composition of POle-ME consisted predominantly of oleic unsaturated fatty acid (C18:1) at 49.13%. Additionally, POle-ME exhibited an iodine number of 60.42, an acid number of 1.395, and a viscosity of 7.16 mPa·s, indicating its potential as a raw material for epoxy oil (plasticizer) production.

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