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All Journal Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Jurnal Sains & Teknologi Lingkungan Communications in Science and Technology Jurnal Agrotek UMMat Jurnal Rekayasa Hijau Jurnal Teknologi Logic : Jurnal Rancang Bangun dan Teknologi Indonesian Journal of Halal Research Journal of Appropriate Technology for Community Services IJCR (Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research) Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Jurnal Teknologi Kimia Mineral
Muh. Wahyu Syabani
Politeknik ATK Yogyakarta
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Other

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Studi Perbandingan Sifat Mekanis Vulkanisat Karet Menggunakan Plasticizer Minyak Jelantah Epoksi Dan Komersil Andri Saputra; Pani Satwikanitya; Muh Wahyu Sya'bani; Mertza Fitra Agustian; Fitria Puspita; Putra Oktavianto
Rekayasa Hijau : Jurnal Teknologi Ramah Lingkungan Vol 7, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Nasional, Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26760/jrh.v7i2.138-151

Abstract

ABSTRAKTingginya jumlah minyak jelantah yang tersedia sebagai limbah menjadi tantangan terbesar. Asam lemak tak jenuh yang terdapat dalam minyak jelantah memiliki potensi sebagai bahan baku pembuatan plasticizer minyak epoksi. Di sisi lain, pengembangan plasticizer terbarukan berbasis bahan alam untuk menggantikan plasticizer fosil telah menjadi perhatian banyak peneliti karena isu menipisnya bahan baku minyak bumi, masalah lingkungan, hingga isu kesehatan yang ditimbulkan oleh plasticizer fosil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari perbandingan sifat mekanis vulkanisat karet yang menggunakan plasticizer minyak jelantah epoksi terhadap plasticizer komersil (minyak parafinik dan minyak kedelai epoksi). Minyak jelantah yang masih mengandung asam lemak tak jenuh diproses epoksidasi dengan metode refluks (60oC selama 4 jam) menggunakan pelarut n-heksane, katalis asam asetat glasial dan resin amberlit IR-120, dan oksigen donor hidrogen peroksida. Minyak jelantah epoksi dikarakterisasi gugus oksiran menggunakan spektrofotometer FTIR dan bilangan oksiran menggunakan metode titrasi. Plasticizer minyak jelantah epoksi, minyak parafinik, dan minyak kedelai epoksi diaplikasikan pada kompon karet dan diuji sifat mekanis vulkanisat karet menggunakan mesin universal testing machine. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan spektra FTIR minyak jelantah epoksi memperlihatkan keberadaan vibrasi peregangan gugus epoksi (C-O-C) pada puncak 1240 cm-1 dan bilangan oksiran 2,24%. Hasil pengujian vulkanisat menggunakan plasticizer minyak jelantah epoksi (EUCO) memiliki nilai kekuatan tarik, kekuatan sobek, dan ketahanan kikis yang lebih unggul dibandingkan vulkanisat menggunakan plasticizer minyak parafinik (PO). Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa minyak jelantah epoksi mampu menggantikan plasticizer berbasis minyak bumi, seperti minyak parafinik (PO). Kekuatan sobek dan ketahanan kikis vulkanisat yang menggunakan EUCO lebih tinggi dibandingkan vulkanisat yang menggunakan minyak kedelai epoksi (ESO), meskipun kekuatan tariknya lebih rendah, sehingga mengindikasikan bahwa minyak jelantah epoksi yang disintesis dapat memberikan kinerja yang cukup baik sebagai plasticizer karet, sebanding dengan minyak epoksi komersial, seperti minyak kedelai epoksi.Kata kunci: Minyak jelantah epoksi, Plasticizer komersil, Sifat mekanis, Vulkanisat.ABSTRACTThe high volume of waste cooking oil is one of the biggest obstacles. Unsaturated fatty acids in waste cooking oil have the potential as a raw material for producing plasticizer of epoxy oil. The development of renewable plasticizers based on natural materials to replace petroleum plasticizers has become the concern of many researchers due to the issue of depletion of petroleum raw materials, environmental problems, and health issues caused by petroleum plasticizers. This research aims to study the comparison of mechanical properties of vulcanizated rubber using plasticizer of epoxy waste cooking oil to commercial plasticizers (paraffinic oil and epoxy soybean oil). Waste cooking oil containing unsaturated fatty acids was epoxidized by reflux method (60oC for 4 hours) using n-hexane as solvent, glacial acetic acid and IR-120 amberlite resin as catalyst, and hydrogen peroxide as oxygen donor. The epoxy cooking oil was characterized for oxirane groups using FTIR spectrophotometer and oxirane number using titration method. Epoxy waste cooking oil, paraffinic oil, and epoxy soybean oil were applied to rubber compounds and tested for mechanical properties of vulcanizatesd rubber using a universal testing machine. The results showed that the FTIR spectra of epoxy waste cooking oil showed the presence of epoxy group stretching vibrations (C-O-C) at a peak of 1240 cm-1 and an oxirane number of 2.24%. The test results of vulcanizates using epoxy waste cooking oil (EUCO) have superior tensile strength, tear strength, and scrape resistance values compared to vulcanizates using paraffinic oil (PO). This shows that epoxy waste cooking oil can replace petroleum-based plasticizers, such as paraffinic oil (PO). The tear strength and scrape resistance of the vulcanizates using EUCO were higher than those using epoxy soybean oil (ESO), although the tensile strength was lower, thus indicating that the synthesized epoxy waste cooking oil can provide quite good performance as a rubber plasticizer, comparable to commercial epoxy oils, such as epoxy soybean oil.Keyword: Commercial plasticizer, Epoxy waste cooking oil, Mechanical properties, Vulcanized rubber.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Pembuatan Sabun Cair dari Minyak Jelantah di Bank Sampah Sidomulyo Maju Wahyu Ratnaningsih; Andri Saputra; Pani Satwikanitya; Mario Sarisky Dwi Ellianto; Latifah Listyalina; Muh Wahyu Sya'bani; Wisnu Pambudi; Uma Fadzilia Arifin
Journal of Appropriate Technology for Community Services Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/jattec.vol5.iss1.art5

Abstract

Keberadaan limbah minyak jelantah merupakan suatu hal yang menimbulkan dampak negatif bagi manusia dan lingkungan. Minyak jelantah adalah minyak goreng bekas yang tidak dapat digunakan kembali karena akan menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan, sedangkan apabila dibuang ke lingkungan secara langsung juga akan menyebabkan masalah lain. Bank Sampah Sidomulyo Maju yang terletak di Desa Sidomulyo, Bambanglipuro, Bantul, Yogyakarta dibangun dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat tentang pengelolaan sampah maupun limbah serta meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat. Limbah minyak jelantah dari rumah tangga yang belum dikelola dengan optimal menjadi salah satu permasalahan yang dihadapi masyarakat desa setempat. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut dengan mengolah limbah minyak jelantah menjadi sabun cair. Metode kegiatan ini antara lain memberikan ceramah, diskusi, pelatihan dan pendampingan pembuatan sabun cair oleh 2 instruktur dan 8 asisten instruktur kepada 30 orang peserta yang di antaranya merupakan anggota bank sampah dan masyarakat Desa Sidomulyo. Hasil kegiatan ini berupa pengetahuan dan keterampilan masyarakat dalam melakukan pengolahan limbah minyak jelantah. Masyarakat diharapkan mampu menerapkan pengolahan limbah minyak jelantah menjadi sabun cair sehingga dapat mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan dan meningkatkan nilai tambah. Keaktifan peserta dan antusiasme juga ditunjukkan oleh kinerja peserta selama pelatihan dan produk sabun cair yang dihasilkan serta kegiatan diskusi yang aktif. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan nilai keterserapan materi yang disampaikan dari 50,51 menjadi 94,17. Kata kunci : bank sampah; minyak jelantah;pemberdayaan masyarakat; sabun cair ABSTRACT The existence of used cooking oil has a negative impact on humans and the environment. Used cooking oil cannot be reused because it will cause health problems, while if disposed of directly into the environment it will also cause other problems. Sidomulyo Maju Waste Bank, located in Sidomulyo Village, Bambanglipuro, Bantul, Yogyakarta, was built with the aim of increasing public awareness about waste management and improving the community's economy. Used cooking oil waste from households that has not been managed optimally is one of the problems that faced by the local village community. This community service activity aims to overcome these problems by utilization of used cooking oil waste into liquid soap. The methods of this activity include giving lectures, discussions, training the production of liquid soap by 2 instructors and 8 assistant instructors to 30 participants, including members of the waste bank and the community of Sidomulyo Village. The results of this activity are in the form of community knowledge and skills in utilization of used cooking oil waste. The community is expected to be able to apply the utilization of used cooking oil waste into liquid soap so as to reduce environmental pollution and increase added value. Participants' activeness and enthusiasm were also shown by the participants' performance during the training and the liquid soap products produced as well as active discussion activities. The evaluation results showed that there was an increase in the absorption value of the material presented from 50.51 to 94.17. Keywords : community empowerment; liquid soap; used cooking oil; waste bank
Investigating the impact of nanoparticle geothermal silica loading on the mechanical properties and vulcanization characteristics of rubber composites Syabani, Muh Wahyu; Rochmadi; Perdana, Indra; Prasetya, Agus
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 8 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.8.1.2023.1190

Abstract

The present study investigates the effects of nanoparticle geothermal silica (NGS) on the mechanical properties and vulcanization characteristics of rubber compounds with various filler loadings. The rubber compounds were filled with 0, 20, 30, and 40 phr of silica. The properties of NGS were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy, particle size analyzer, and BET surface area analysis to examine its morphology, size distribution, and surface area. The mechanical properties and vulcanization characteristics of the rubber compounds reinforced with NGS were evaluated using a universal testing machine and moving die rheometer. The results showed that NGS possessed the primary particle sizes below 20 nm and a surface area of 168.35 m2/g. The interaction between silica and rubber determined the modulus of the rubber composites and the vulcanization characteristics. The tensile strength of the rubber compounds, meanwhile, showed a significant increase more than threefold as the filler loading increased from 0 phr to 30 phr, followed by a slight decline at 40 phr loading. The addition of 20 phr of silica led to a prolonged scorch time compared to the filler-free compound due to the adsorption of activators and accelerators. However, the scorch time decreased after reaching 30 phr of silica loading, which could be attributed to the higher amount of bound rubber covering a portion of the silica surface, thereby reducing its ability to adsorb the activator. The presence of silica with good thermal conductivity enabled a better heat transfer during the vulcanization process, resulting in shorter curing times for higher loading. Rubber compounds with an NGS loading of 30 phr demonstrated a favorable balance between filler-rubber interactions, vulcanization characteristics, and mechanical properties in the rubber compounds.
KINETIKA VULKANISASI KARET MENGGUNAKAN BIOPLASTICIZER MINYAK KAKAO TEREPOKSI Satwikanitya, Pani; Saputra, Andri; Sya’bani, Muh Wahyu; Agustian, Mertza Fitra
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA MINERAL Vol 2 No 1 (2023): JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA MINERAL
Publisher : Politeknik ATI Makassaar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (458.135 KB) | DOI: 10.61844/jtkm.v2i1.460

Abstract

Kinetika vulkanisasi karet menggunakan bioplasticizer minyak kakao terepoksi dipelajari berdasarkan data output moving die rheometer. Data percobaan didekati dengan beberapa model kinetika, yaitu model reaksi orde 1, orde 2, dan Deng-Isayev. Konstanta laju reaksi (k) pada model reaksi orde 1 dan orde 2 dihitung dari data torsi yang merupakan fungsi waktu (M = f(t)). Sedangkan pada model Deng-Isayev, nilai k dan orde reaksi (n) ditentukan menggunakan optimasi multivariable dengan tools Solver pada aplikasi Excel. Nilai energi aktivasi (Ea) diperoleh dari persamaan Arrhenius. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan model Deng-Isayev dapat merepresentasikan data percobaan dengan baik. Konstanta laju reaksi sebanding dengan kenaikan suhu vulkanisasi. Reaksi vulkanisasi karet menggunakan minyak kakao terepoksi berlangsung pada orde (n) 3 dengan energi aktivasi (Ea) sebesar 157,55 kJ/mol.
Pemlastis epoksi ester minyak sawit sebagai pengganti epoksi minyak kedelai pada kulit imitasi Utami, Ratri Retno; Satwikanitya, Pani; Saputra, Andri; Syabani, Muh Wahyu; Indahwati, Luthfi Auliya; Ilmannafia, Danuraja
Jurnal Agrotek Ummat Vol 11, No 4 (2024): Jurnal Agrotek Ummat
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/jau.v11i4.26741

Abstract

A plasticizer is a liquid added to synthetic leather materials to make the product softer, more flexible, and easier to process. The development of sustainable plasticizers in this study was achieved using palm oil as the primary raw material. The study aimed to evaluate the application of epoxidized palm oil esters on imitation leather. The epoxidation process used palm oil esters as the base material, with acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and amberlite resin as catalysts. The mixture was heated to a temperature of 60 °C and stirred at a speed of 400 rpm for 4 hours. The resulting epoxy oil was then applied to the top layer of imitation leather, and its mechanical properties were tested. Epoxidized palm oil esters replaced 50% and 100% of epoxidized soybean oil the imitation leather. As a control, plasticizers from commercial epoxidized soybean oil were used. The mechanical test results showed that replacing 100% of the epoxidized soybean oil with palm oil esters in synthetic leather did not result in significant differences in longitudinal tensile strength and transverse elongation compared to the control. However, artificial leather with epoxidized palm oil esters demonstrated better tear resistance than the control. Further studies are required to determine the optimal conditions for the epoxidation reaction, fatty acid composition, and stability of epoxidized palm oil esters.
Pengaruh Waktu Kalsinasi Abu Cangkang Kelomang (Paguroidea) pada Suhu Tinggi dalam Pembentukan Katalis Padat CaO Mukminin, Amirul; Firdaus, Muhammad; Yuniarti, Yuniarti; Syabani, Muh Wahyu
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH VOLUME 4, ISSUE 1, 2019
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (583.598 KB) | DOI: 10.20885/ijcr.vol4.iss1.art1

Abstract

Katalis CaO dari abu cangkang kelomang (Paguroidea) telah berhasil dibuat melalui proses kalsinasi pada suhu 900°C selama 4 jam. Variasi waktu kalsinasi 2, 3, dan 4 jam dilakukan untuk mempelajari tentang perubahan fasa sampel. Hasil difraksi sinar-X dari abu cangkang kelomang untuk 2 dan 3 jam menunjukkan bahwa puncak-puncak karakteristik CaCO3 kalsit sedangkan untuk 4 jam berupa kalsium oksida (CaO) dengan puncak karaktersitik pada 2 theta = 32,16°; 37,15°; 53,54°; 64,16° dan 67,5° yang dikonfirmasi sesuai dengan standard CaO (JCPDS N. 82-1690). Hasil SEM menunjukkan informasi topografi dari morfologi partikel katalis untuk waktu 2 dan 3 jam berbentuk agregat yang kurang homogen, jika dibandingkan dengan hasil kalsinasi pada waktu yang lebih lama yaitu 4 jam. Sebaran ukuran parikel untuk 2, 3 dan 4 jam masing-masing memberikan ukuran 0,3 mm-1,5 µm, 34,7 µm – 1,25 µm, dan 11,4 µm – 1 µm. Hasil TGA/DSC menunjukan 43,92 % cangkang kelomang mampu terkonversi menjadi CaO dan CaCO3 pada 900°C. Kata kunci: Katalis CaO, katalis heterogen, biodisel
Unveiling the Signature of Halal Leather: A Comparative Study of Surface Morphology, Functional Groups and Thermal Characteristics Syabani, Muh Wahyu; Iswahyuni, Iswahyuni; Warmiati, Warmiati; Prayitno, Kutut Aji; Saraswati, Henny; Hernandha, Rahmandhika Firdauzha Hary
Indonesian Journal of Halal Research Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): August
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/ijhar.v5i2.25702

Abstract

The halal certification of products holds significant importance for Muslim consumers, necessitating the development of reliable techniques for identifying leather products made from raw materials. This study employed rapid and accurate analytical methods to distinguish between cowhide, pigskin, and artificial leather. A combination of scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to assess the variations in collagen fiber structures and thermal stability among the leather samples. The findings revealed that morphological surface analysis, including grain patterns and pores, facilitated swift differentiation between different leather types. Pigskins exhibit three-hole patterns on their morphological surface compared to cowhide, with random pores and tighter grain patterns, whereas artificial leather lacks natural grain patterns and pores altogether. While FTIR spectra exhibited similarities between cowhide and pigskin leathers, variations in vibration intensity enabled effective discrimination. Artificial leather, particularly PVC-based materials, displayed distinct spectra, allowing FTIR spectroscopy to effectively discern between halal and non-halal leather. Cowhide possesses strong and sharp vibration at wavenumber 1736, 1277, and 817 cm-1 compared to pigskin, which has stronger vibration at 1534 cm-1. Meanwhile, PVC-based artificial leather exhibited stretching at 1723 and 744 cm-1 wavenumbers. DSC analysis proved valuable in differentiating between genuine and artificial leather based on unique peaks and thermal behavior. These three techniques provide reliable means to determine the raw material origins of leather products.
Transesterification of Palm Olein to Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (POle-ME) Using Base Catalysts Ratri Retno Utami; Andri Saputra; Pani Satwikanitya; Muh Wahyu Sya’bani; Warmiati Warmiati; Luthfi Auliya Indahwati; Danuraja Ilmannafia
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jaast.v9i3.344

Abstract

Palm olein esters are potentially convertible into epoxy oil, which can serve as a plasticizer. Palm olein can be reacted with alcohol in the presence of a base catalyst in a process named transesterification. This study aimed to investigate the application of palm olein to produce fatty acid methyl esters (POLe-ME) using sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide as catalysts, which are then evaluated for their potential as plasticizers. The research process involved selecting raw materials based on the iodine and acid numbers. Subsequently, transesterification was conducted using 1% base catalysts. The characterization of POle-ME included evaluating its acid number, iodine number, viscosity, fatty acid composition, and functional groups. The findings indicate that using a molar ratio of oil to methanol of 1:6 and potassium hydroxide as a catalyst achieved the highest yield at 94.99%. The produced POle-ME exhibited a peak at 1436 cm-1, indicating the presence of a methyl ester functional group. The fatty acid composition of POle-ME consisted predominantly of oleic unsaturated fatty acid (C18:1) at 49.13%. Additionally, POle-ME exhibited an iodine number of 60.42, an acid number of 1.395, and a viscosity of 7.16 mPa·s, indicating its potential as a raw material for epoxy oil (plasticizer) production.
Co-Authors Agus Prasetya Agustian, Mertza Fitra Ahmad Faisal Rosadi Amirul Mukminin Andreas D Angkasa Andri Saputra Andri Saputra Arief Krisna Wibowo Cynthia Devi Danuraja Ilmannafia Ega Holiyan Meilia Langga Fikri Irfani Fauziyyah Fitria Puspita Heni Fitri Astuti Hermiyati, Indri Hernandha, Rahmandhika Firdauzha Hary Herry Suseno Ilmannafia, Danuraja Ina Amaliana Indahwati, Luthfi Auliya Indra Perdana Indri Hermiyati Iswahyuni Iswahyuni Khairunisa Betariani Listyalina, Latifah Lucky Wahyu Nuzulia Setyaningsih Luthfi Auliya Indahwati Mario Sarisky Dwi Ellianto Mertza Fitra Agustian Mertza Fitra Agustian Mertza Fitra Agustian Muhammad Firdaus Muhammad Ikhwan Muhammad Ikhwan Nastiti Afiati Pani Satwikanitya Pani Satwikanitya Prayitno, Kutut Aji Putra Oktavianto Qonita Usthufiya R. Lukas Martindro Satrio Ari Wibowo R. Lukas Martindro Satrio Ari Wibowo, R. Lukas Martindro Satrio Ari R.L.M.S. Ari Wibowo Raden Bagus Seno Wulung Ratri Retno Utami RLM. Satrio Ari Wibowo Rochmadi RR. Ella Evrita Hestiandari Saputri, Lestari Hetalesi Saraswati, Henny Satwikanitya, Pani Sri Sumarni Suharyanto Suharyanto Suharyanto Tintin Mutiara Uma Fadzilia Arifin Wahyu Ratnaningsih Warmiati Warmiati Warmiati Warmiati Warmiati Warmiati, Warmiati Wisnu Pambudi wisnu pambudi Yuli Suwarno Yuniarti Yuniarti Yuniarti Yuniarti