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Effect of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) in Bitumen Separation Process from Asbuton in Hot Wate Hamzah, Afan; Ferdiansyah, Dita Ahmeta; Nurkhamidah, Siti; Taufany, Fadlilatul; Susianto, Susianto
IPTEK Journal of Proceedings Series No 1 (2015): 1st International Seminar on Science and Technology (ISST) 2015
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Hot water process is one of methods to separate bitumen from asbuton. For increasing %recovery of bitumen, we can modify the hot water process by adding diesel oil, sodium hydroxida (NaOH) and Sodium Ligno Sulfonat (SLS) as surfactant. This research was foccusing on effect of the addition of NaOH concentration. This research used asbuton from Kabungka and carried out in two processes, digestion and sedimentation process. % recoverey decreases with the increasing of NaOH concentration. The highest % recovery is 92% when ratio of diesel oil:asbuton 60:40, 0,5%wt SLS concentation, 30%wt SLS-NaOH solution from total solution and 1%wt NaOH concentration.

Pendampingan Menuju Sertifikasi Halal pada Produk "Socolat" UMKM Pondok Modern Sumber Daya At-Taqwa Puspita, Niniek Fajar; Hamzah, Afan; Zuchrillah, Daril Ridho; Karisma, Achmad Dwitama
JPP IPTEK (Jurnal Pengabdian dan Penerapan IPTEK) Vol 5, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : LPPM ITATS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31284/j.jpp-iptek.2021.v5i1.1611

Pemeluk agama Islam di Indonesia mencapai 87% dari total jumlah penduduk. Kebutuhan produk halal menjadi hal wajib bagi produsen maupun konsumen muslim, tetapi, kepedulian terhadap kehalalan suatu produk masih sangat rendah. Sertifikasi halal berfungsi tidak hanya sebagai perlindungan konsumen khususnya masyarakat muslim tetapi juga sebagai strategi perdagangan internasional. Pondok Modern Sumber Daya At-Taqwa memiliki Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) yang menghasilkan produk salah satunya adalah Socolat. Namun, produk tersebut belum memiliki sertifikasi halal. Produk Socolat merupakan produk makanan berbahan dasar coklat putih dan daun kelor. Produk ini belum memiliki sertifikat halal. Kegiatan ini bertujuan meningkatkan kemampuan UMKM dari Pondok modern Sumber Daya At-Taqwa (POMOSDA), hingga mampu membawa produk Socolat menuju proses sertifikasi halal. Strategi yang dilakukan antara lain:Melakukan pelatihan kader halal, pemetaan produk, menetapkan titik kritis halal berdasarkan Sistem Jaminan Halal (SJH) dan melakukan pendampingan sampai produk Socolat disubmit seluruh dokumen untuk mendapat sertifikasi halal. Pada akhir kegiatan ini, produk Socolat resmi menjadi binaan Pusat Kajian Halal ITS dan seluruh dokumen ajuan sertifikasi halal beserta kelengkapannya berhasil dibuat dan diajukan kepada Majelis Ulama Indonesia melalui Pusat Kajian Halal ITS.

Bioconversion of Industrial Cassava Solid Waste (Onggok) to Bioethanol Using a Saccharification and Fermentation process Soeprijanto, Soeprijanto; Qomariyah, Lailatul; Hamzah, Afan; Altway, Saidah
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 11, No 2 (2022): May 2022
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2022.41332

Cassava solid waste (Onggok) is a by-product of the starch industry containing a lot of fiber, especially cellulose and hemicellulose. It has the potential to be converted to bioethanol. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of feedstocks ratio for the optimal bioethanol production via enzymatic and acidic hydrolysis process in a batch fermentation process. The effect of alpha-amylase and glucoamylase activities was studied. The sulfuric acid concentrations in the hydrolysis process in converting cassava into reducing sugar were also investigated. The reducing sugar was then fermented to produce ethanol. Enzymatic and chemical hydrolysis was carried out with the ratio of onggok(g)/water(L), 50/1, 75/1, and 100/1 (w/v). In the enzymatic hydrolysis, 22.5, 45, and 67.5 KNU (Kilo Novo alpha-amylase Unit) for liquefaction; and 65, 130, and 195 GAU (Glucoamylase Unit) for saccharification, respectively of enzymes were applied. The liquefaction was carried out at 90-100â°C for 2 hours. The saccharification was executed at 65 â°C for 4 hours. Meanwhile, the acidic hydrolysis operating condition was at 90-100 â°C for 3 hours. The fermentation was performed at pH 4.5 for 3 days. Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) analysis was conducted to evaluate the hydrolysis process. The highest ethanol was yielded in the fermentation at 8.89% with the ratio of onggok to water 100:1, 67.5 KNU of alpha-amylase, and 195 GAU of glucoamylase. Ethanol was further purified utilizing fractional distillation. The final ethanol concentration was at 93-94%.

Study of Zwitterionic Homopolymer Polysulfobetaine and Gel Properties in Various Solutions of Different Anion Species and Cation Valences Afan Hamzah; Daril Ridho Zuchrillah; Eva Oktavia Ningrum
IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol 7, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v7i1.a9168

Zwitterionic homopolymer polysulfobetaine (PBET) gels were synthesized using free radical polymerization. The effect of temperatures on adsorption behavior of the gel and transition temperature of the polymer in various solutions of LiCl, KCl, NaCl, Al(NO3)3, Zn(NO3)2, and NaNO3 were studied. The tendency of poly(BET)s transition temperature in Cl solutions very identical. All of poly(BET) solution resulted in Upper Critical Temperature (UCST). Its number increased along with the elevation of salt concentration. The number declined again when the concentration was too high. BET gel successfully adsorbed various ions with the amount of adsorption tendency of LiCl < NaCl < KCl.

21 Bar Yoshimin Boiler Maintenance with Controlling Residual Phosphate Afan Hamzah; Agung Subaykto; Agus Surono
IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol 6, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v6i3.a8117

Boiler as the steam generator is usually utilized as a turbine drive and other industrial processes. Boiler needs good treatment and surveillance to keep its best performance. Boiler water (BW) and boiler feed water (BFW) quality control is essential in boiler maintenance since it preserves boiler from crust, corrosion, and carry over, moreover, it also prevents boiler pipe to break. Boiler maintenance in sugar refinery factory is carried out by controlling the quality of BFW, Chemical injection (inner maintenance) and blowdown of boiler water. BFW mineral content (SiO2 , total hardness) is maintained as small as possible using a softener (cation resin) or demineralization unit (cation and anion resin). Chemical injection is performed by the addition of soda in order to control the pH of boiler water. Phosphate addition aims to tie up total hardness level which is caused by concentration process of water boiler and slipped of hard water from BFW. Blowdown process has purpose to reduce crust and corrosion caused by mineral concentrate inside boiler. The experiment was conducted by controlling pH of BFW from 7.5-8.5, maximum total hardness at 3 ppm, maximum SiO2 concentration at 3 ppm and maximum Total Dissolve Solid (TDS) at 100 ppm while BW was controlled its pH at 10.5-11, maximum total hardness at 20 ppm, maximum SiO2 concentration at 50 ppm, maximum Total Dissolve Solid (TDS) at 2000 ppm, and residual phosphate ion between 4 – 10 ppm. The experiment time was adjusted as a milled day or about for 140 days. The result of the experiment showed that the treatment had a good impact on the condition of the boiler drum pipe.

Bioethanol Production from Wastewater of Brown Sugar Home Industry in Kediri via Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Fermentation Soeprijanto Soeprijanto; Afan Hamzah; Nabila Fara Anindya; Putri Selly Mudyawati
IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol 7, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v7i2.a10528

Bioethanol is ethanol whose main ingredients are from plants and generally use a pharmaceutical process. Therefore, Indonesia still needs a more effective source of bioethanol as fuel. Bioethanol production from vegetable waste is a realistic solution, one example is waste from the brown sugar home industry. The purpose of this research is to innovate the production of bioethanol by utilizing sap sugarcane waste in a brown sugar industry home using the Enzyme Hydrolysis and Fermentation Method. The process of making bioethanol is the raw material preparation stage, the hydrolysis stage, and the fermentation stage. The first stage, the preparation of raw materials is done by filtering the molasses waste and then dissolving it with distilled water in 2000 mL Erlenmeyer. the second stage, the hydrolysis stage, is to hydrolyze the molasses solution according to the predetermined ratio variables, by going through two stages in the hydrolysis stage, namely liquefaction and saccharification. In the liquefaction process, -amylase is added at a temperature of 90oC and heated on a hot plate stirrer for 2 hours. Then the saccharification stage was carried out by adding the enzyme gluco-amylase at a temperature of 65oC for 4 hours. The third stage, the fermentation stage, was carried out with variations of bread and yeast tape with the additional variables of 5%, 10%, and 15% nutrient (2% urea and 3%). Fermentation will be carried out for 3 days. The results showed that the maximum sugar content was achieved by using a concentration ratio of sugarcane juice: water = 1:0 with an enzyme hydrolysis process of 196.08 g/L. The maximum bioethanol content after fermentation was 18.6% and reducing sugar of 10.98 g/L was achieved by using 10% baker's yeast at a concentration of sugar cane juice: water ratio = 1:1. The maximum bioethanol content after the fermentation process was 12.96% and the reducing sugar was 27.78 g/L was achieved using 10% tape yeast at a concentration ratio of sugarcane juice: water = 1:1.

Preliminary Study of Reducing Sugar Production from Coconut Husk by Enzymatic Hydrolysis Using Chitosan Immobilized Crude and Commercial Cellulase Afan Hamzah; Muhammad Nurul Hakim; Baiq Firyal Salsabilla Safitri; Nurul Maziyah; Laila Nur Rahmah; Hanny F Sangian; Soeprijanto Soeprijanto; Arief Widjaja
IPTEK The Journal for Technology and Science Vol 31, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : IPTEK, LPPM, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

The objective of this research was to study the production of sugar from coconut husk using immobilized crude and commercial cellulose, including temperature and mixing speed during immobilization. The enzyme from Aspergillus Niger was immobilized on chitosan alone and cross-linked with Glutaric Dialdehyde (GDA). Coconut husk waste was grinded and chemically pretreated using NaOH 1% (w/v). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) measurement revealed that enzyme was covalently bonded to the support. Cellulose immobilized on chitosan cross-linked with GDA produced more sugar than immobilized on chitosan alone. Both the crude and commercial enzyme had their yield decreased after immobilization. Despite its less enzyme coupled on micro-sized chitosan, reducing sugar yielded by an immobilized enzyme on micro-sized chitosan had a competitive result with macro-sized chitosan. This may due to decreasing mass transfer resistance when using a smaller size of chitosan. Several important factors such as temperature, mixing speed, and purity of enzyme responsible for the performance of sugar produced from insoluble cellulose using cellulose immobilized on insoluble support was thoroughly discussed.

Pendampingan Menuju Sertifikasi Halal pada Produk "Socolat" UMKM Pondok Modern Sumber Daya At-Taqwa Niniek Fajar Puspita; Afan Hamzah; Daril Ridho Zuchrillah; Achmad Dwitama Karisma
JPP IPTEK (Jurnal Pengabdian dan Penerapan IPTEK) Vol 5, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : LPPM ITATS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31284/j.jpp-iptek.2021.v5i1.1611

Pemeluk agama Islam di Indonesia mencapai 87% dari total jumlah penduduk. Kebutuhan produk halal menjadi hal wajib bagi produsen maupun konsumen muslim, tetapi, kepedulian terhadap kehalalan suatu produk masih sangat rendah. Sertifikasi halal berfungsi tidak hanya sebagai perlindungan konsumen khususnya masyarakat muslim tetapi juga sebagai strategi perdagangan internasional. Pondok Modern Sumber Daya At-Taqwa memiliki Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) yang menghasilkan produk salah satunya adalah Socolat. Namun, produk tersebut belum memiliki sertifikasi halal. Produk Socolat merupakan produk makanan berbahan dasar coklat putih dan daun kelor. Produk ini belum memiliki sertifikat halal. Kegiatan ini bertujuan meningkatkan kemampuan UMKM dari Pondok modern Sumber Daya At-Taqwa (POMOSDA), hingga mampu membawa produk Socolat menuju proses sertifikasi halal. Strategi yang dilakukan antara lain:Melakukan pelatihan kader halal, pemetaan produk, menetapkan titik kritis halal berdasarkan Sistem Jaminan Halal (SJH) dan melakukan pendampingan sampai produk Socolat disubmit seluruh dokumen untuk mendapat sertifikasi halal. Pada akhir kegiatan ini, produk Socolat resmi menjadi binaan Pusat Kajian Halal ITS dan seluruh dokumen ajuan sertifikasi halal beserta kelengkapannya berhasil dibuat dan diajukan kepada Majelis Ulama Indonesia melalui Pusat Kajian Halal ITS.

Synergistic Effect of Two Type Cellulase Immobilized on Chitosan Microparticle as Biocatalyst for Coconut Husk Hydrolysis Afan Hamzah; Lidya Lorenta Sitompul; Irma Nurhanifah Fenda Putri; Soeprijanto Soeprijanto; Arief Widjaja
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 19, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The effectivity of employing two types of cellulases from Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma resei covalently immobilized on chitosan microparticle was investigated. Reducing sugar from CMC yielded by immobilized cellulase from T. resei alone and A. niger alone was 0.316 g/L and 0.244 g/L, respectively. Simultaneous use of both cellulases shows a significant increase of reducing sugar produced to 1.020 g/L. The effective combination of this two types of cellulases also occurred when coconut husk was used as substrate. A very high enzyme coupling of 92.06% compared to free enzyme was obtained in the immobilization. Addition of GDA not only increased enzyme coupling to 100% but also improved sugar produced. Immobilized cellulase was successfully maintained its activity until 5 cycles

Produksi Serat Kasar dari Limbah Daun Nanas Melalui Ekstraksi Mekanik di Desa Satak Kabupaten Kediri Soeprijanto Soeprijanto; Niniek Fajar Puspita; Eva Oktavia Ningrum; Afan Hamzah; Achmad Dwitama Karisma; Saidah Altway; Daril Ridho Zuchrillah
Sewagati Vol 5 No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Pusat Publikasi ITS

Desa Satak Kabupaten Kediri secara geografis terletak tidak jauh dari kawasan gunung Kelud. Karena letak desa Satak secara geografis berada disekitar kaki gunung kelud, maka daerah ini memiliki tanah pertanian yang potensial dan subur untuk pengembangan industri argo seperti tanaman pohon sengon, tanaman sayuran, buahbuahan seperti tanaman nanas. Tanaman nanas yang tumbuh di daerah kaki gunung kelud merupakan tanaman potensial bagi petani dari beberapa desa, karena tanaman nanas tersebut tumbuh dan berkembang tersebar luas di daerah kabupaten Kediri sampai perbatasan dengan kabupaten Kediri. Berdasarkan informasi dari petani setempat rata-rata 1 ha lahan ditanami pohon nanas antara 50 ribu sampai 70 ribu pohon dengan rata-rata jumlah daun setiap pohon antara 29-32 helai. Ketika masa panen tiba daun nanas sebagai limbah oleh petani hanya dibiarkan saja menumpuk disekitar lahan tanpa diolah, sehingga menjadi masalah bagi petani. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, maka limbah daun nanas dapat diolah menjadi produk yang bernilai ekonomi sehingga diharapkan menjadi mata pencaharian alternatif bagi masyarakat. Target pengolahan limbah daun nanas pasca panen adalah produk serat serat kasar sebagai bahan baku produksi tekstil dan material komposit melalui proses ekstraksi mekanik.

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