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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis BULETIN OSEANOGRAFI MARINA Journal of Marine Research Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Jurnal Kelautan : Indonesian Journal of Marine Science and Technology Journal of Applied Geospatial Information JFMR (Journal of Fisheries and Marine Research) Jurnal Biologi Tropis Dinamika Maritim Kumawula: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Abdi Insani Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan dan Sains COJ (Coastal and Ocean Journal) Jurnal Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat Journal of Fisheries & Marine Jurnal Perikanan
Paputungan, Mohammad Sumiran
Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas Perikanan Dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Mulawarman
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Konsentrasi Kadmium (Cd) pada Kerang Darah (Anadara granosa) dari Beberapa Pasar Tradisional di Kota Samarinda, dan Potensi Risikonya Terhadap Kesehatan Manusia Andini, Ardita Dwisepti; Paputungan, Mohammad Sumiran; Suryana, Irma; Ritonga, Irwan Ramadhan
Buletin Oseanografi Marina Vol 13, No 3 (2024): Buletin Oseanografi Marina
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/buloma.v13i3.63526

Abstract

Kerang darah (Anadara granosa) merupakan salah satu organisme laut yang dimanfaatkan masyarakat kota Samarinda sebagai sumber nutrien. Disisi lain, A. granosa dapat mengakumulasi logam Cd yang berisiko terhadap kesehatan manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi Cd, mengevaluasi hubungan antara Cd dan panjang dan berat, mengkaji dan menganalisis potensi risiko kesehatan dari konsumsi daging A. Granosa. Sampel A. granosa dengan ukuran yang berbeda dibeli dan dikumpulkan dari beberapa pasar tradisional di Kota Samarinda. Proses destruksi dilakukan dengan metode asam dan konsentrasi logam Cd ditentukan dengan spektrometer serapan atom dan dinyatakan dalam µg/g berat basah. Penetapan kajian risiko kesehatan dari logam Cd pada tubuh manusia dihitung menggunakan rumus Perkiraan Asupan Mingguan (EWI), Target Bahaya (HQ) dan Risiko Kanker (TR). Ditemukan konsentrasi Cd pada daging A, granosa berkisar 0,02-16,6 µg/g dengan rerata 5,59±5,10 µg/g. Konsentrasi Cd pada A. granosa dipengaruhi aktifitas manusia secara internal seperti perikanan, pertanian, eksplorasi minyak dan gas serta masukan limbah eksternal melalui aliran sungai. Kajian risiko kesehatan menunjukkan bahwa nilai estimasi asupan mingguan (EWI) pada A. granosa pada orang dewasa dan anak – anak lebih rendah dari nilai asupan mingguan sementara yang dapat ditoleransi (PTWI) dengan nilai 7 µg/kg berat badan perhari. Semua nilai target bahaya (HQ) jauh lebih rendah dari satu. Kemudian, potensi kanker (TR) baik pada orang dewasa dan anak – anak adalah berisiko lemah (≤ 10−6).  Blood cockles (Anadara granosa) are one of the seafood used by the people of Samarinda City as a source of nutrients. On the other hand, A. granosa could accumulate Cd metal which is a risk to human health. This study aimed to determine Cd concentrations, evaluate the relationship between Cd and length and weight, assess and analyze potential health risks from consuming A. granosa. Samples of A. granosa with different sizes were purchased and collected from several traditional markets in Samarinda City. The digestion process was carried out using the acid method and the Cd metal concentration was determined using an atomic absorption spectrometer and expressed in µg/g wet weight. Determination of the health risk assessment of Cd metal in the human body was calculated using the Estimated Weekly Intake (EWI), Hazard Quotient (HQ) and Cancer Risk (TR) formulas. It was found that the Cd concentration in flesh A, granosa ranged from 0.02 to 16.6 µg/g with an average of 5.59±5.10 µg/g. Cd concentrations in A. granosa are influenced by internal human activities such as fishing, agriculture, oil and gas exploration as well as external waste input through river flows. Health risk studies show that the estimated weekly intake (EWI) value of A. granosa in adults and children was lower than the tolerable temporary weekly intake (PTWI) value of 7 µg/kg body weight per day. All target hazard (HQ) values were much lower than one. Then, the potential for cancer (TR) in both adults and children was at low risk (≤ 10−6).
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN TIMBAL (Pb) PADA SEDIMEN MANGROVE DI KAWASAN MANGROVE CENTER GRAHA INDAH, BALIKPAPAN, KALIMANTAN TIMUR Anindia Resty Syafira; Irwan Ramadhan Ritonga; Mohammad Sumiran Paputungan; Irma Suryana
Jurnal Perikanan Unram Vol 13 No 1 (2023): JURNAL PERIKANAN
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jp.v13i1.465

Abstract

KELIMPAHAN MAKROZOOBENTOS DI PANTAI TANAH MERAH SAMBOJA KUTAI KARTANEGARA KALIMANTAN TIMUR Brigitha Anjely Agatha Jani; Irma Suryana; Mohammad Sumiran Paputungan; Irwan Ramadhan Ritonga
Jurnal Perikanan Unram Vol 14 No 3 (2024): JURNAL PERIKANAN
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jp.v14i3.904

Abstract

Samboja beach is one of the coastal areas in Kutai Kartanegara Regency, which has various fisheries and marine resources such as macrozoobenthos. One of the ecological functions of macrozoobenthos is that it is a biological bioindicator in the waters and transfers energy in the food chain. This study aims to determine the type and abundance of macrozoobenthos, sediment texture type, organic carbon, nitrate and phosphate content, sediment type and abundance of macrozoobenthos at Tanah Merah Beach Samboja. Sediment samples were taken at the surface (0-10 cm) by placing quadrant plots on a 120 m long transect line (50x50 cm²). 50 macrozoobenthos species were found, consisting of Gastropoda, Bivalvia and Schapopoda. Macrozoobenthos abundance ranged from 60 to 268 ind/m2. Sequential ecological indices of diversity included the medium category with high uniformity and low dominance. The sediment texture at points near the coast was sandy loam while towards the sea textured sand. Sediment content in organic carbon ranged from 0.41% to 1.18% (very low), nitrate between 6.63 and 16.69 mg/L (high) and phosphate from 29.01 to 71.27 mg/L (high). There was a positive relationship with a moderate correlation between organic carbon and macrozoobenthos abundance. The relationship between nitrate and macrozoobenthos abundance was a low correlation. In contrast, a positive correlation was found between phosphate and macrozoobenthos abundance. Water quality is still normal and supports the survival of macrozoobenthos.
ESTIMASI STOK KARBON PADA BIOMASSA LAMUN DI PULAU KEDINDINGAN, KALIMANTAN TIMUR Ambomasse, Yusril M.; Irawan, Aditya; Paputungan, Mohammad Sumiran; Rahmawati, Susi
Coastal and Ocean Journal (COJ) Vol 8 No 1 (2024): COJ (Coastal and Ocean Journal)
Publisher : Pusat Kajian Sumberdaya Pesisir dan Lautan IPB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/coj.v8i1.51175

Abstract

Kedindingan Island is a part of marine conservation area in East Kalimantan. This island has a seagrass ecosystem, which could potentially provide ecosystem service in climate change mitigation as a carbon sink. However, there is limited information on the carbon content of the seagrass ecosystem there. This study aimed to estimate the carbon stock in the seagrass biomass on Kedindingan Island. Field sampling activities for collecting seagrass biomass were done in September 2021. A PVC core with a 20 cm diameter, 3 mm thick, and 80 cm length was used to collect seagrass biomass. The loss on ignition (LOI) method was applied to determine the concentration of organic carbon in the biomass. The results of this study found 7 species of seagrass in the study area, which were dominated by Thalassia hemprichii. The organic carbon concentration in above-ground biomass and below-ground biomass ranged from 30.8-31.7% and 29.4-31.4%, respectively. The average biomass was 4.99 Mg/ha and its average carbon stock was estimated at 1.53 MgC/ha. Based on the total carbon stock analysis, the above-ground biomass stored more carbon (79.28%) than the below-ground biomass.
ANALYSIS OF Fe, Mn, AND Zn CONCENTRATIONS IN MANGROVE SEDIMENTS ALONG THE SOMBER RIVER IN BALIKPAPAN CITY Ashar, Andini Aulia Ayuk; Paputungan, Mohammad Sumiran; Hamdhani, Hamdhani; Ritonga, Irwan Ramadhan
Jurnal Perikanan Unram Vol 15 No 1 (2025): JURNAL PERIKANAN
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jp.v15i1.1408

Abstract

Somber River is one of the rivers with mangrove ecosystem in Balikpapan city. The high human activity in Somber River area may produce waste and heavy metal pollution in mangrove ecosystem, especially in sediment. The purpose of this study is to determine the concentration of Fe, Mn and Zn in mangrove sediments. In addition, the values of pollution indices such as contamination level (TK), pollution load index (IBP) and geoaccumulation index (I-Geo) in sediments are also determined along Somber river, Balikpapan city. The research method used in this study is purposive sampling. Sediment samples were taken from 9 sampling points along Somber river. Sediment samples were deconstructed using acid and analyzed using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) Aurora AI 1200 to determine the concentration of Fe, Mn, and Zn based on dry weight in µg/g. Based on the analysis, it was found that the Fe concentration in the sediment ranged from 5403 to 12268 µg/g with an average of 9462 ± 2294 µg/g. In Mn, the concentration value was between 2,25 and 23,2 µg/g with an average of 11,4 ± 7,43 µg/g. Then, the Zn concentration was between 16,6 and 61,3 µg/g, with an average of 43,4 ± 17,4 µg/g. The varying concentrations of Fe, Mn and Zn might be related to several human activities, such as industrial activities, boat docks, settlements, fisheries, ports and metal distribution from the Somber river. The concentrations of Mn and Fe at all research stations were lower than the sediment quality standards, except for Fe. The level of Fe, Mn and Zn contamination in sediments was low (TK<1) and not polluted (IBP<1) and the geoaccumulation index (I-geo) was not polluted to polluted (0<I-geo<1).
Estimasi Stok Karbon Sedimen pada Padang Lamun di Pulau Kedumpit, Teluk Balikpapan Provinsi Kalimantan Timur: Estimation of Seagrass Sediment Carbon Stock in Kedumpit Island, Balikpapan Bay, East Kalimantan Province Hasanah, Nur; Paputungan, Mohammad Sumiran; Ritonga, Irwan Ramadhan; Rahmawati, Susi; Dharmawan, I Wayan Eka; Renyaan , Jeverson; Nurdiansah, Doni
JFMR (Journal of Fisheries and Marine Research) Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): JFMR on March
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jfmr.2025.009.01.11

Abstract

Investigasi terhadap kondisi lamun di perairan Teluk Balikpapan telah dilakukan, namun perhitungan stok karbon di sedimen lamun yang berada di perairan estuari tersebut belum tersedia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi cadangan karbon pada sedimen lamun di Pulau Kedumpit yang berlokasi di Teluk Balikpapan, Kalimantan Timur. Masing-masing sampel sedimen diambil pada 3 titik stasiun yang berbeda, dengan titik stasiun (0, 50 dan, 100 meter) dari daerah lamun yang dekat dengan dataran menuju ke arah laut. Pengambilan sampel sedimen menggunakan pipa PVC berdiameter 2,5 inch dengan kedalaman sampel 0 – 50 cm dan dipotong dengan interval 5 cm. Kandungan karbon organik dianalisis dengan metode Loss on Ignition (LoI). Hasil studi menemukan terdapat dua jenis lamun yaitu Halodule sp. dan Halophila sp. Berdasarkan visualisasi sampel sedimen bahwa jenis substrat di lokasi penelitian cenderung pasir berlumpur. Konsentrasi karbon organik sedimen pada tiga stasiun berkisar antara 0,34-2,64% dengan rata-rata 1,24±0,37 %. Nilai stok karbon sedimen per lapisan sedimen berkisar 63 hingga 114 MgC/ha dan rata-rata total simpanan karbon sebesar 95±27,6 MgC/ha pada kedalaman sedimen 0-50 cm. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada nilai bulk density, karbon organik sedimen, dan stok karbon dalam sedimen (p-value < 0,05) antar stasiun dan kedalaman.   Seagrass in Balikpapan Bay estuary already investigated, however its carbon stock have not been measured. The objective of this study was to estimate the carbon stock in seagrass sediments in Kedumpit Island, located in Balikpapan Bay estuary. Each sediment sample was taken at 3 different sites (0, 50 and 100 meters) from the seagrass area near to the land towards the sea. Sediment samples were taken using a 2.5 inch diameter PVC core with a depth of 0 - 50 cm and were sliced at 5 cm interval. Organic carbon content was analysed using the Loss On Ignition (LOI) method. Study results showed that two seagrass species were found in the study site, such as Halodule sp and Halophila sp. Based on visual observation at sediment samples, the substrate type in the study site tends to be muddy sand. Sediment organic carbon concentration at three stations ranged from 0.34-2.64%, with average at 1,24±0,37%%. Sediment carbon stock values of sediment layers ranged from 63 to 114 MgC/ha and the total average carbon storage was 95±27,6 MgC/ha. The value of bulk density, sediment organic carbon, and carbon stock in sediment were significantly different (p-value < 0.05) between the sites and the depth of sediment layers.
COMPARISON OF MACROZOOBENTHOS ABUNDANCE BETWEEN COASTAL AND MANGROVE AREAS OF TANJUNG LIMAU KUTAI KARTANEGARA DISTRICT Simanihuruk, Dorsen Hotma Tua; Paputungan, Mohammad Sumiran; Ritonga, Irwan Ramadhan
Jurnal Perikanan Unram Vol 15 No 3 (2025): JURNAL PERIKANAN
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jp.v15i3.1508

Abstract

Macrozoobenthos have played an important role in coastal ecosystems, especially in beaches and mangrove areas, as indicators of environmental health and as important components of the food chain. However, the presence of human activities such as industrial waste, households, fisheries and agriculture could affect the abundance of macrozoobenthos in coastal areas. The purpose of this study was to assess and analyze the type, abundance, diversity, uniformity and dominance of macrozoobenthos and sediment substrate conditions in the beach and mangrove areas in Tanjung Limau village, Kutai Kartanegara Regency. This research was conducted from December to March 2024. This research method uses descriptive methods with sampling techniques using purposive random sampling. Macrozobenthos sampling sites were divided into 2 (two) stations. Station 1 was located at beach area, while station 2 was located in the mangrove ecosystem area. The results showed that the abundance of macrozoobenthos in the mangrove area (13 species) was higher compared to the beach (18 species), with groups of snails and bivalves. Abundance at station 1 (43.3 ind/m²) was lower than at station 2 (58.0 ind/m²). The diversity index value at station 1 (2.16) and station 2 (2.57) was classified as moderate. Uniformity at stations 1 and 2 was 0.84 and 0.87 (high category), respectively. Then the dominance index values found at stations 1 and 2 were 0.17 and 0.10 (non-dominant category), respectively. The sediment texture in the coastal area of Tanjung Limau at both stations 1 and 2 is a clayey loam, which is one of the main causes of the differences in macrozoobenthos abundance.
Perbandingan Stok Karbon pada Dua Genus Mangrove Berbeda (Avicennia dan Rhizophora) di Estuari Sungai Somber, Teluk Balikpapan: Comparison of Carbon Stocks from Two Different Mangrove Genus (Avicennia and Rhizophora) in the Somber River Estuary, Balikpapan Bay Paputungan, Mohammad Sumiran; Ritonga, Irwan Ramadhan; Loto, Naomi; Suryana, Irma; Dharmawan, I Wayan Eka
JFMR (Journal of Fisheries and Marine Research) Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): JFMR on July
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jfmr.2025.009.02.8

Abstract

Informasi stok karbon di ekosistem mangrove yang berada di area Teluk Balikpapan masih sedikit, termasuk perbandingan stok karbon pada genus mangrove yang berbeda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan stok karbon pada dua genus mangrove yang tumbuh di sekitar perairan estuari Sungai Somber di Teluk Balikpapan. Lokasi pengambilan data dibagi menjadi dua yaitu Zona Rhizophora dan Zona Avicennia. Pengambilan data diameter batang pohon pada ketinggian dada dan sampel sedimen sedalam 1-meter dilakukan di tahun 2022. Data diameter batang pohon digunakan untuk menghitung stok karbon pada pohon menggunakan persamaan alometrik biomassa yang tersedia. Sampel sedimen digunakan untuk mengukur jumlah karbon yang tersimpan di sedimen dengan menggunakan metode loss on ignition. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan total stok karbon pada Zona Rhizophora lebih besar dibandingkan Zona Avicennia. Konsentrasi karbon organik di sedimen yang tinggi ditemukan di Zona Rhizophora yang kemudian menyebabkan jumlah karbon yang tersimpan di sedimen Zona Rhizophora 2 kali lipat lebih besar dibandingkan karbon yang tersimpan di sedimen Zona Avicennia. Namun, stok karbon di biomassa pohon mangrove terbesar ditemukan berada di Zona Avicennia yang lebih banyak memiliki ukuran pohon berdiameter besar. Hasil ini mengindikasikan adanya variasi stok karbon di ekosistem mangrove yang terdapat di estuari Sungai Somber berdasarkan genus yang mendominasi.   Current information on carbon stock in mangrove ecosystem growing in the Balikpapan Bay area remains limited, including comparison of the carbon stock based on different mangrove genera. This study aimed to compare carbon stocks between two mangrove genera growing in the estuarine area of Somber River, Balikpapan Bay. The sampling location were divided based on the dominant mangrove genera, namely Rhizophora Zone and Avicennia Zone. Diameter at breast height (DBH) of mangrove trees and 1-meter vertical sediment samples were collected in 2022. The DBH data were used to estimate carbon stock in live-tree biomass using available allometric equations for mangrove. Sediment samples were used to determine carbon stock in the sediment by using the loss on ignition method. The results showed that total carbon stock in the Rhizophora Zone is larger than in the Avicennia Zone. Higher organic carbon concentration in sediment was found in the Rhizophora Zone, resulting in its sediment carbon stock being twice as high as that in the Avicennia Zone. However, carbon stock in the live-tree biomass was greater in the Avicennia Zone where more trees with larger diameters were found. The finding suggests that total carbon stock varies depending on the dominant mangrove genera in the Somber River Estuarine Ecosystem.
Analisis Kadar Formalin pada Ikan dan Seafood Asin dari Pasar Tradisional di Kota Samarinda, Indonesia Ritonga, Irwan Ramadhan; Suryana, Irma; Paputungan, Mohammad Sumiran; Arwadi, Mohammad Tri
JST (Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi) Vol. 13 No. 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/jstundiksha.v13i1.72933

Abstract

Penggunaan formalin (FA) sebagai pengawet pada ikan dan seafood asin yang dijual di beberapa pasar tradisional di Kota Samarinda telah menjadi isu kesehatan masyarakat. Namun, informasi tentang kandungan dan penilaian resiko dari FA pada ikan dan seafood asin belum jelas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi dan menganalisis paparan formalin (FA) yang terdapat pada ikan dan seafood asin. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah uji kuantitatif. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah 148 sampel yang terdiri dari ikan (12 spesies) dan seafood (4 spesies) asin yang dibeli dan dikumpulkan dari beberapa pasar tradisional. Kandungan FA pada sampel ikan dan seafood asin ditentukan dengan menggunakan Spektrofotometer Spectroquant Prove 100 VIS pada absorbansi 628 nm. Semua data hasil analisis diolah menggunakan Microsoft Office Excel 2010 dan dijelaskan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar FA pada ikan dan seafood asin berkisar 0,21 - 21,1 mg/kg dengan rerata 2,77 ± 4,39 mg/kg. Nilai estimasi asupan harian (EDI) berkisar 0,09 - 3,64 µg/kg berat badan perhari. Nilai target bahaya (HQ) kurang dari satu. Nilai resiko kanker (CR) menunjukkan bahwa konsumen laki-laki, perempuan dan anak-anak beresiko kanker melalui konsumsi ikan asin dan seafood. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah Para konsumen di Kota Samarinda harus berhati–hati dalam memilih dan  mengkonsumsi ikan dan seafood asin yang diperjualbelikan di pasar tradisional Kota Samarinda. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah pentingnya pemantauan dan pengawasan yang ketat terhadap penggunaan formalin sebagai pengawet pada ikan dan seafood asin yang dijual di pasar tradisional.
Structure of Mangrove Forest and Carbon Sequestration Potential in the Estuarine Region of the Somber River, Balikpapan Bay, Indonesia: A Preliminary Assessment Hamdhani, Hamdhani; Paputungan, Mohammad Sumiran; Ritonga, Irwan Ramadhan; Suyatna, Iwan
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jipk.v18i1.77808

Abstract

Graphical Abstract   Highlight Research Nine mangrove species were identified in the Somber River estuary, dominated by Rhizophora and Avicennia. The mangrove forest exhibited an average density of 1,444 trees/ha, DBH of 13.3 cm, and canopy cover of 62.04%. Litterfall production averaged 9.28 Mg/ha/year, resulting in an estimated carbon sequestration of 47.25 Mg CO₂-eq/ha/year. Carbon sequestration correlated strongly with canopy cover and tree density, but not with DBH, with the midstream segment showing the highest values.   Abstract Mangroves are included in East Kalimantan’s emission reduction programs, but carbon absorption data remain lacking due to limited studies. In Balikpapan Bay, particularly around the Somber River estuary, information on carbon accumulation rates is still limited. This study aimed to document the species composition, tree density, diameter at breast height (DBH), and canopy cover of mangrove forests, estimate their carbon sequestration capacity, and compare sequestration rates across the upstream, midstream, and downstream sections of the Somber River in Balikpapan City, Indonesia. Nine sampling stations were established along the river to represent each segment. At each, mangrove species were identified, tree density and canopy cover measured, and litterfall collected. Carbon sequestration was then estimated from litterfall-based Net Primary Productivity (NPP). Nine species were recorded, dominated by Rhizophora and Avicennia. The forest averaged 1,444 trees/ha, DBH of 13.3 cm, and 62.04% canopy cover. Midstream sites showed the highest density (1,533 trees/ha) and canopy cover (65.7%), though not in DBH. Litterfall averaged 9.28 Mg/ha/year (0.58–18.76), corresponding to 47.25 Mg CO₂-eq/ha/year, peaking midstream. Sequestration rates did not differ significantly among segments but correlated strongly with canopy cover, density, and DBH. This study provides initial estimates of mangrove carbon uptake in the Somber River estuary near the Kariangau industrial area, offering insights for management strategies to enhance blue carbon storage, provides externally relevant estimates and a structure-to-sequestration linkage that can guide restoration targets, carbon accounting, and coastal policy in working estuaries. Further research should quantify sediment carbon accumulation and consider species-specific differences to better inform restoration efforts.
Co-Authors AA Sudharmawan, AA Aditya Irawan Adnan Adnan Adnan Adnan Agathajani, Brigitha Anjeli Ahmad Ahmad Ahmad Ahmad Ahmad Ahmad Ahmad Nabillah Ramadhan Alan Frendy Koropitan Ali Arman Lubis Alimuddin, Alimuddin Ambomasse, Yusril M. An Nisa Octavia Andi Fitri Sakmiana Andi Fitri Sakmiana Andini, Ardita Dwisepti Anindia Resty Syafira Anugrah Aditya Budiarsa, Anugrah Arwadi, Mohammad Tri Arwadi, Tri Ashar, Andini Aulia Ayuk Azwar Pramucti Brigitha Anjely Agatha Jani Bulan, Dewi Embong Chella Nur Kumala Dayang Nathasya Aurelia Putri Awari Dewi Embong Bulan Dewi Embong Bulan Dewi Embong Bulan Dharmawan, I Wayan Eka Elisar, Elisar Ence Alya Vira Azizah Eryati, Ristiana Ferdy Gustian Firman , Firman Firman Firman Hamdhani, Hamdhani I Wayan Nurjaya Irma Suryana Irma Suryana Irma Suryana Irwan Ramadhan Ritonga Iwan - Suyatna Iwan Suyatna Iwan Suyatna Jani, Brigitha Anjely Agatha Jemi Irlanda Haikal Kolibongso, Duaitd Kusumaningrum, Widya Loto, Naomi Mario Putra Suhana Mufidah, Fitriatul Muhammad Trial Fiar Erawan Naufal Athasyah Norma Gupita Novia, Rani Nur Hasanah Nurdiansah, Doni Nurfadilah Nurfadilah Nurfadilah Nurfadilah Nurfadilah Nurfadilah Nurul Tri Oktavia Putra, Andry Purnama Putra, Andry Purnama Rahmawani Rahmawani Ramli Ramli Rani Novia Rani Novia Renyaan , Jeverson Ristiana Eryati Ristiana Eryati Robin Saputra Simanihuruk, Dorsen Hotma Tua Suryana, Irma Susi Rahmawati Susi Rahmawati Suyatna , Iwan Syafira, Anindia Resty Tri Prartono Utama, Ferdy Gustian Utama, Ferdy Gustian Viddo Try Anggoro Widya Kusumaningrum Widya Kusumaningrum Widya Kusumaningrum Zibar, Zan