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Bimetallic Ru-Sn as Effective Catalysts for the Selective Hydrogenation of Biogenic Platform Chemicals at Room Temperature Azzahra, Atina Sabila; Dewi, Heny Puspita; Mikrianto, Edi; Sembiring, Kiky Corneliasari; Sunnardianto, Gagus Ketut; Nata, Iryanti Fatyasari; Rodiansono, Rodiansono; Jayanudin, Jayanudin
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2023: BCREC Volume 18 Issue 4 Year 2023 (December 2023)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.20067

Abstract

Supported bimetallic ruthenium-tin (denoted as Ru-Sn(x); x = molar ratio of Ru/Sn) catalysts were examined for room temperature (RT) hydrogenation of biogenic platform chemicals of levulinic acid (LA) to g-valerolactone (GVL). Six types of metal oxide support c.a. Nb2O5, TiO2, ZnO, ZrO2, g-Al2O3, active charcoal (AC), were employed as the support for Ru-Sn(x). Ru-Sn(3.0)/Nb2O5 (Ru/Sn = 3.0) that reduced at 500 oC demonstrated the highest yield of GVL (98%) at 30 oC, 30 bar H2 for 3 h. The increase in Sn loading amount (Ru/Sn = 1.5) resulted in decreasing of LA conversion (83%) under the same reaction conditions. Among the studied supported Ru-Sn catalysts, Nb2O5 and ZnO supports exhibited better catalytic performances than that other for RT hydrogenation of LA and various biogenic platform chemicals. The Ru-Sn(3.0)/Nb2O5 catalyst was characterized by means of various adsorption and spectroscopic techniques. The Ru-Sn(3.0)/Nb2O5 catalyst was found to be reusable without any significant loss of its activity. Copyright © 2023 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA  License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). 
Development of antioxidant-rich edible film using eggshell and tapioca flours with kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris) extract Ma'rifah, Yulia Nurul; Adawiyah, Mariatul; Ariwibowo, Sigit; Nata, Iryanti Fatyasari; Juwita, Rinna; Vo, Duc-Thang
Konversi Vol 14, No 1 (2025): APRIL 2025
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v14i1.22280

Abstract

One of the major challenges in the food industry in the limited shelflife products. A promising approach to address this issue is the use of edible films-thin, consumable layers that protect food from environmental factors such as moisture, oxygen, and humidity. This study aimed to evaluate edible films based on varying ratios of chicken eggshell flour and tapioca flour, determine the optimum concentration of Kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris) extract as an antioxidant source, and assess the films’ physical, chemical, and application properties. Edible films were prepared using eggshell flour (0-30% w/w), tapioca flour (5 g), distilled water (93.5 mL), Kelakai extract (0-10% v/v), and glycerol (1.5 g). The mixture was heated to ±96°C at 1000 rpm for 40 minutes, cast into 20 × 10 cm molds, and dried at 50°C for 24 hours. The best formulation—10% eggshell flour with 5% Kelakai extract—produced a film with 0.174 mm thickness, 1.5 MPa tensile strength, 27.4% elongation, and water vapor transmission rate of 10.0278 g/m²·h. FT-IR analysis revealed C-H, O-H, and C=O functional groups. Antioxidant activity showed 5.19% scavenging activity after 10 minutes. The film successfully preserved sausage for 7 days, demonstrating its potential to extend shelf life and serve as an eco-friendly packaging alternative.
Valorization of cassava peel starch into functional liquid glucose via acid-catalyzed hydrolysis using sulfonated carbon catalyst and red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) extract Wulandary, Indah Retno; Laila, Noor; Dewi, Yuniza Shentiya; Ma'rifah, Yulia Nurul; Nata, Iryanti Fatyasari; Hadtimin, Ahmad Farhan
Konversi Vol 14, No 2 (2025): OCTOBER 2025
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v14i2.24329

Abstract

The growing gap between sugar consumption and domestic product in Indonesia Highlights the need for alternative sweeteners derived from renewable resources. This study investigates the synthesis of functional liquid glucose from cassava peel starch through hydrolysis catalyzed by sulfonated carbon derived from palm empty fruit bunches (TKS-SO3H) and the enhancement of its antioxidant properties by red ginger extract. The TKS-SO3H catalyst was prepared via carbonization at 350 C followed by sulfonation at 180 C, yielding an H+ ion concentration of 1.745 mmol/g. Hydrolysis was conducted at 100 C for 60 minutes with a catalyst loading of 5% (b/v) and starch concentration ranging from 2.5 to 7.5%. The optimum glucose concentration of 4.14 mg/mL was achieved at 5% starch concentration, demonstrating the effective catalytic performance of TKS-SO3H. subsequently, liquid glucose was combined with red ginger extract in various volume ratios (1:1-1:4 v/v) to assess antioxidant capacity using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. The formulation with a 1:4 glucose-to-ginger ratio exhibited the highest scavenging activity of 48.63% after 10 minutes, indicating a significant enhancement of functional properties. The findings suggest that cassava peel, an agricultural by-product, can be utilized as a sustainable feedstock to produce bifunctional liquid glucose using an environmentally benign heterogeneous catalyst, contributing to the development of value-added and health-oriented sweeteners.
Utilisation of palm oil fibre cake biomass for magnetic nanoparticle biocomposites as adsorbents in Sasirangan liquid waste treatment Ukhrawi, Syamsul Ma'arif Putra; Nata, Iryanti Fatyasari; Juwita, Rinna; Gazaly, Ahmad; Karima, Ismi Nur; Prasetya, Angga
Konversi Vol 14, No 2 (2025): OCTOBER 2025
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v14i2.24322

Abstract

Palm kernel fibre (fibre cake) is a waste product from the palm oil industry that has potential as a source of natural fibre. This study aims to utilise fibre cake to produce magnetic nanoparticle biocomposites as adsorbents for reducing the lead (Pb2+) content and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) in Sasirangan liquid waste. The research produced two types of biocomposites: one without amino groups (FCB-M) and one with amino groups (FCB-MH). Observations from Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed that magnetic nanoparticles had formed on the surface of the fibre cake. Treatment of palm oil fibres with NaOH restructured amorphous cellulose into crystalline cellulose, as indicated by a 30.25% increase in the Crystalinity Index (CrI) based on X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis. The Pb²⁺ content absorbed by FCB and FCB-NH₂ was 97.84 mg/g and 101.82 mg/g, respectively, for 3 hours at pH 8. The modification of amino groups on the surface of the biocomposite resulted in a 164.85% increase in adsorption. The effectiveness of TSS reduction at pH 8 was 65.8% and 62.9% for FCB-M and FCB-MH, respectively. 
Hydrogel Films Derived Water Hyacinth Stems And Banana Peels Pectin: Tensile Performance And Swelling Ability Retno Febriyanti; Muthia Elma; Iryanti Fatyasari Nata; Ni Kadek Devi Ananda Saraswati; Paskah Fransiska Afrida Simatupang
Elkawnie Vol. 9 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v9i1.16419

Abstract

Abstract: Hydrogel films are sheet materials that form a 3D network structure and can be fabricated from one or more constituent materials. A combination of two natural polymers, namely carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) derived from water hyacinth stems (WHS) and banana peel pectin, constructs these hydrogel films that are used as coating materials for food packaging. Citric acid replenishment to stabilize the cross-linking of the hydrogel films. This study is intended to determine the effect of WHSCMC, pectin, and citric acid on the swelling abilities and tensile performances of hydrogel films. CMC synthesis begins with harvesting water hyacinth stems obtained from the Gambut area waters in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Then carried out the extraction and bleaching processes of cellulose. Cellulose extract powder was processed in two stages, videlicet alkalization and carboxymethylation, to obtain cellulose derivatives in the form of CMC. The results of WHSCMC were analyzed using FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infra-Red) and compared with commercial CMC. Giving results with significant similarity at the peaks of 998 cm-1 and 1015 cm-1, specifically the ether glycosidic group. Fabrication of hydrogel films combines WHSCMC and banana peel pectin with various compositions (100:0, 90:10, 70:30, and 50:50 wt.%) with added citric acid as an aid for crosslinking at various concentrations (5, 10, and 15 wt.%). Hydrogel films sample 70:30, 5 wt.% (CPc-5) gave optimum results from the characterization of hydrogel films related to food packaging application coatings in the form of swelling ability of 6,647 g/g, tensile strength of 11,770 MPa, and elongation test of 11,896%. FT-IR analysis of CPc-5 indicates that there are carboxyl groups (COO-) and hydroxyl groups (-OH), which play a role in the formation of cross-links and hydrophilic properties.Abstrak: Film hidrogel merupakan material lembaran yang membentuk struktur jaringan 3D dan dapat dibuat dari satu atau lebih bahan penyusun. Kombinasi dua polimer alami, yaitu karboksimetil selulosa (CMC) yang berasal dari batang eceng gondok (BEG) dan pektin kulit pisang membentuk film hidrogel yang digunakan sebagai bahan pelapis kemasan makanan. Penambahan asam sitrat untuk menstabilkan ikatan silang film hidrogel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh CMC BEG, pektin, dan asam sitrat terhadap kemampuan pembengkakan dan kinerja kekuatan tarik film hidrogel. Sintesis CMC diawali dengan pemanenan batang eceng gondok yang diperoleh dari perairan daerah Gambut, Kalimantan Selatan-Indonesia. Kemudian dilakukan proses ekstraksi dan pemutihan selulosa. Serbuk ekstrak selulosa diproses dalam dua tahap yaitu alkalisasi dan karboksimetilasi untuk mendapatkan turunan selulosa berupa CMC. Hasil CMC BEG dianalisis menggunakan FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infra-Red) dan dibandingkan dengan CMC komersial. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah adanya kemiripan pada puncak 998 cm-1 dan 1015 cm-1, yaitu gugus eter glikosidik. Pembuatan film hidrogel mengkombinasikan CMC BEG dan pektin kulit pisang dengan berbagai komposisi (100:0, 90:10, 70:30, dan 50:50 % berat) dengan penambahan asam sitrat sebagai pengikat silang dengan berbagai konsentrasi (5, 10, dan 15 % berat). Sampel film hidrogel 70:30, 5% (CPc-5) memberikan hasil optimum dari karakterisasi film hidrogel terkait pelapis aplikasi kemasan makanan berupa uji kemampuan pembengkakan sebesar 6,647 g/g, kuat tarik 11,770 MPa, dan elongasi sebesar 11,896%. Analisis FT-IR terhadap CPc-5 menunjukkan adanya gugus karboksil (COO-) dan gugus hidroksil (-OH) yang berperan dalam pembentukan ikatan silang dan sifat hidrofilik.
Synthesis of Functional Groups on Surface-Modified Activated Carbon for Nitrate Removal from Tofu Home Industry Wastewater Aprilla, Dini; Sari, Indah Permata; Irawan, Chairul; Tuhuloula, Abubakar; Nata, Iryanti Fatyasari; Ariani, Ariani; Isnaini, Muhammad Dody
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v10i1.7872

Abstract

This research successfully converted spent coffee grounds (SCG) into powdered activated carbon (AC) through carbonization at 400°C. The surface functional groups of this carbon were subsequently modified using hydrochloric acid as an activating agent to enhance its adsorption properties. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the performance of this modified activated carbon (MAC) as an adsorbent for reducing nitrate content in tofu industry wastewater, which is characterized by high concentrations of nitrate ions. The MAC was characterized using SEM and FTIR analysis to determine its surface morphology and functional groups, which are critical for adsorption process of capturing atoms, ions, and molecules on a materials surface. The batch adsorption experiments using AC and MAC as adsorbent were then performed for reducing nitrate content in tofu industry wastewater. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted under optimal conditions: a pH of 7±0.2, room temperature, a stirring rate of 150 rpm, and an adsorbent dose of 1 g/L. The results demonstrated a significant decrease in nitrate concentration from 28.6 mg/L to 1.2 mg/L, achieving a 95.80% removal efficiency at an equilibrium contact time of 180 minutes. The performance of the MAC was comparable to, and even more favorable than, that of unmodified activated carbon (UAC) used as a control that only achieved 58.74% percentage removal of nitrate. This remarkable nitrate removal efficiency is attributed to the distinct morphology and enhanced surface properties imparted by the hydrochloric acid modification. Therefore, modified activated carbon from coffee grounds shows high potential as an effective adsorbent for wastewater treatment.
POME Dye Removal Performance during Pervaporation using Lignin Nanoparticle Integrated into Polyamide Thin Film Composite Membranes Lestari, Riani Ayu; Wahdah, Rabiatul; Elma, Muthia; Mardina, Primata; Nurandini, Desi; Nata, Iryanti Fatyasari
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v10i1.9334

Abstract

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) contains recalcitrant, dye-like chromophoric compounds that are difficult to remove using conventional treatment, leading to persistent colour pollution and limiting safe discharge or reuse. Although polyamide thin-film composite (PA-TFC) membranes offer strong selectivity, their performance in high-strength wastewater is often constrained by the permeability-selectivity trade-off and susceptibility to fouling. To address this gap, this study investigates a bio-based modification strategy by integrating lignosulfonate-derived lignin particles into the polyamide selective layer to enhance pervaporation-based decolorization. Lignin-modified PA-TFC membranes were fabricated via interfacial polymerization with molar ratio MPD: TMC for 0.00925:0.0188 and 0.25% of lignosulfonate. It was then evaluated for pervaporation flux, colour rejection, and chemical stability during POME treatment. Chemical and structural characterization by FTIR indicated changes in surface functional groups consistent with enhanced intermolecular interactions between lignin and the polyamide matrix. The lignin-integrated membrane achieved an improved separation performance, reaching a flux of 17 ± 0.8 kg.m-2.h-1 with up to 85% colour rejection, outperforming the pristine polyamide membrane. The performance enhancement is attributed to improved hydrophilicity and a more favourable selective-layer microstructure enabled by the homogeneous distribution of lignin particles and hydrogen-bonding interactions within the polyamide network. Overall, incorporating lignin as a renewable additive provides a promising route to develop higher-performance PA-TFC membranes for pervaporation treatment of POME, supporting more sustainable industrial wastewater management and reducing colour-related environmental impacts.
Co-Authors Abdul Ghofur Abubakar Tuhuloula Aceng Lesti Adawiyah, Mariatul Agata Febby Ayuningtyas Agita Purnawilda Agus Mirwan Aladin Eko Purkuncoro Anis Artiyani Aprilla, Dini Ariani Ariani Ariwibowo, Sigit Asnia, Mira Azzahra, Atina Sabila Chairul Irawan Choir Muizliana Choir Muizliana, Choir Denis Yanuardi Dewi, Heny Puspita Dewi, Yuniza Shentiya Dian Sylvana Ansari Dian Sylvana Ansari, Dian Sylvana Doni Rahmat Wicakso Edi Mikrianto Emil Zacky Effendi Fadhillah, Hilda Nur Fitri Halisyah Fitriannoor Fitriannoor Gazaly, Ahmad Gita Cristy Hadtimin, Ahmad Farhan Helda Niawati Helda Niawati, Helda Hendrawan, Rangga Dwi Herlina Herlina Herlina Herlina Hesti Wijayanti Hesti Wijayanti Hesti Wijayanti I Putu Andika Putra I Putu Andika Putra, I Putu Andika Indah Permata Sari Isnaini, Muhammad Dody Jayanudin Jayanudin Jefri A. Simanjuntak Jefriadi Jefriadi Jody Hartoto Prayogo Jody Hartoto Prayogo, Jody Hartoto Karima, Ismi Nur Kiky Corneliasari Sembiring Laila, Noor Lalu Mustiadi Lestari, Riani Ayu Ma'rifah, Yulia Nurul Madani, Zikri Daffa Aulia Marisa, Rosmasari Masrurotul Ajiza Meda Nur Anisa Meilana Dharma Putra Mira Asnia Mira Pangesti, Mira Misnawati Misnawati Muhammad Daffa Salaahuddin Muhammad Jauhar Mahdi Muthia Elma Nanik Astuti Rahman Ni Kadek Devi Ananda Saraswati Noor Laila Nooryantini Nooryantini Nor Asiyah Norlina Norlina, Norlina Nurandini, Desi Paskah Fransiska Afrida Simatupang Prasetya, Angga Primata Mardina Retno Febriyanti Ridhayanti Mu'minah Rinna Juwita Rinna Juwita Rinny Jelita Ristiarini, Susana Rita Khairina Rodiansono Rodiansono Rosmasari Marisa Selly Agustina Sunnardianto, Gagus Ketut Syamsul Ma"arif Putera Ukhrawi Sylvera Bella Priscilla Toni Arianto Toni Arianto, Toni Tri Dianpalupidewi Tun Sriana Tun Sriana Ukhrawi, Syamsul Ma'arif Putra Vo, Duc-Thang Wahdah, Rabiatul Wulandary, Indah Retno Yudhi Christian Hariady Yuli Ristianingsih Yulia Nurul Ma'rifah Yulian Firmana Arifin Yuniza Shentiya Dewi Yuniza Shentiya Dewi Zakaria Zakaria