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Sinyal Bradikinin Pada Covid-19: Tinjauan Pustaka Nurwidya, Fariz; Zulfiyah, Itsna Arifatuz; Hidayat, Moulid; Baskoro, Hario
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 11, No 7 (2024): Volume 11 Nomor 7
Publisher : Prodi Kedokteran Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/jikk.v11i7.15551

Abstract

Patofisiologi COVID-19 melibatkan jalur persinyalan seluler dan molekuler kompleks terkait inflamasi. Salah satu jalur yang mungkin terlibat adalah jalur bradikinin yang mengalami disregulasi. Bradikinin adalah suatu nonapeptida linear derivat dari kininogen yang terdistribusi di berbagai jaringan dan di plasma. Bukti ilmiah memperlihatkan peningkatan produksi bradikinin pada inflamasi. Manifestasi klinis seperti batuk juga berhubungan dengan aktivitas bradikinin. Memahami patogenesi COVID-19 menjadi penting dalam upaya menemukan pendekatan baru pada terapi efektif yang melibatkan jalur bradikinin. Pada tinjauan pustaka ini, akan dibahas bagaimana peranan bradikinin dan metabolitnya pada patogenesis COVID-19.
Late-Onset Asthma: A Review Moelamsyah, Yandi Noer; Yunus, Faisal; Nurwidya, Fariz; Amien, Bagus Radityo
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 10 No. 3 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jr.v10-I.3.2024.272-279

Abstract

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition with a growing global prevalence, affecting millions of individuals annually. While asthma can develop at any age, late-onset asthma is a specific phenotype that begins in adulthood, as recognized by the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) in its 2024 guidelines. This form of asthma is often associated with several predisposing factors, including gender, obesity, occupational exposure, rhinitis, respiratory infections, smoking, stress, and diminished lung function. Unlike early-onset asthma, which frequently involves a history of allergies, late-onset asthma tends to lack allergic triggers, making it a distinct and challenging form of the disease. Managing late-onset asthma is often more complex, as it typically requires higher doses of corticosteroids and demonstrates a reduced responsiveness to standard steroid treatments. The exact mechanisms and pathophysiological processes contributing to the increased severity and poorer clinical outcomes in late-onset asthma remain largely unclear. This uncertainty often leads to underdiagnosis and inadequate management, further complicating patient care. Phenotypic analysis is recommended to improve treatment outcomes. This includes assessing clinical features and utilizing biomarkers, such as inflammatory markers and immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, to guide targeted therapy when conventional steroid treatments are insufficient. However, there is a significant need for further research to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of late-onset asthma. This literature review is essential to develop more effective, personalized treatment strategies that can address the unique challenges posed by this asthma phenotype, ultimately leading to better management and improved patient outcomes.
Vitamin C Intake and Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs-Induced Hepatitis in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients Rabbani, Hadiati; Nurwidya, Fariz; Andayani, Diyah Eka; Agustin, Heidy; Syam, Shaogi
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 10 No. 3 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jr.v10-I.3.2024.214-221

Abstract

Introduction: Drug-induced hepatitis (DIH) is one of the serious side effects of anti-tuberculosis drugs (ATD) that can reduce patient compliance with tuberculosis (TB) treatment, increase the risk of treatment failure, or develop drug resistance. Vitamin C is a potential antioxidant known to have a protective effect against DIH. This study examined the relationship between vitamin C intake and the incidence of ATD-induced hepatitis (ATDIH) in pulmonary TB patients at Persahabatan National Respiratory Referral Hospital, Jakarta. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 108 patients with drug-sensitive pulmonary TB. Data was collected using a sociodemographic questionnaire, anthropometric measurements, semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQ FFQ), and data on the subject's liver function laboratory results in the last 1 month. Fisher exact test was utilized to analyze the association between adequacy of vitamin C intake and DIH. Results: The proportion of DIH in pulmonary TB patients in this study was 6.5%. Most subjects were males (54.6%) with a median age of 41. The median vitamin C intake was 66.65 mg/day, with 63.0% of patients having an intake below the recommendation. Fisher's exact test showed that vitamin C intake was not statistically significantly associated with the incidence of ATDIH (OR 3.77 95% CI 0.44-32.55, p-value 0.256). No factors also influenced the incidence of ATDIH in this study. Conclusion: No association was found between vitamin C intake and other factors related to the incidence of ATDIH. This is the first study in Indonesia to link vitamin C and E intake with the incidence of DIH in drug-sensitive pulmonary TB patients, providing information for future studies.
The Nucleic Acid Amplification Test in Pulmonary Diseases Nurwidya, Fariz; Bies, Asri Liqditta; Winardi, Wira; Harinda, Fadlika
Journal Of Health Science (Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan) Vol 9 No 2 (2024): JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE (JURNAL ILMU KESEHATAN)
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24929/jik.v9i2.3606

Abstract

Nuclei as a cell nucleus have been found since the 18th century. This discovery was then developed for the need for methods for diagnosing pathogenic organisms of an infectious disease at that time. The aim of this study is to review the principle of nucleic acid amplification test and describe the existing evidence regarding the role of the test in respiratory diseases. The study use the keywords, such as nucleic acid, diagonsis and nucleic acid amplification test, to invesitage relevant studies in PubMed and Google Scholar database. We found that nucleic acid-based testing techniques have evolved to adapt to the need for early and rapid detection and rely on a high level of accuracy. This continuously developed technology can replace conventional test methods. Conventional examination is known to take longer time so the definitive therapeutic might be delayed. However, there is still an obstacle, namely the cost of tests quite expensive because of the standard procedure that must be strictly followed, otherwise result might not be valid. The technique from the beginning needs to be carried out following the procedure, starting with the preparation of tools, how to take samples, how to deliver the samples to the laboratory, and how to process and analyze data. This procedure is necessary to minimize false positive or negative results. As a conclusion, nucleic acid assays is beneficial in pulmonary infectious diseases diagnosis, however it is high-cost and not recommended for treatment evaluation in pulmonary infection.
Literature Review: Cardiac Complication Of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Dharmawan, Ibrahim N.I.P.; Muliawan, Hary Sakti; Nurwidya, Fariz
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 11, No 12 (2024): Volume 11 Nomor 12
Publisher : Prodi Kedokteran Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/jikk.v11i12.17722

Abstract

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, fibrosing interstitial pneumonia of unknown cause that is associated with radiological and histologic features of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP). Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis occurs primarily in adult and associated with poor prognosis with patients typically survive 2-3 years after diagnosis, although some cases progress much faster than others. Symptoms of IPF include cough and shortness of breath, especially during activity. In severe cases, respiratory failure may occur. IPF is often linked to several health problems, including lung cancer, sleep apnea, heart disease, and digestive issues like acid reflux.  The cardiovascular problem related to IPF are pulmonary hypertension, coronary artery disease, arrythmia, and iatrogenic disease caused by IPF pharmacological treatment. This literature review will explain the link between IPF and its pathogenesis in causing cardiac complications based on available literature.
Correlation between total animal and plant protein intake, with body mass index in tuberculosis patients during the intensive phase in Dili and Oecusse marques lafo, merita; Chandra, Dian Novita; Nurwidya, Fariz; Sequiera, Ercia Maria da Conceicao
World Nutrition Journal Vol. 8 No. S1 (2024): Selected conference proceedings of the Nutri Symposium 2024
Publisher : Indonesian Nutrition Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25220/WNJ.V08.S1.0026

Abstract

Tuberculosis causes decreased appetite and hypermetabolism, disrupting protein breakdown and synthesis, leading to malnutrition. Proteins, as the primary source of amino acids, support immune cells and help prevent malnutrition and susceptibility to other infections. The intensive phase of tuberculosis therapy is crucial for enhancing immune defense, reducing the bacterial load, and decreasing energy expenditure, thereby increasing body weight.
Penyakit Paru Interstisial pada Sindrom Sjogren Primer Notariza, Kemas Rakhmat; Nurwidya, Fariz
Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 74 No 6 (2024): Journal of The Indonesian Medical Association - Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia, Vo
Publisher : PENGURUS BESAR IKATAN DOKTER INDONESIA (PB IDI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47830/jinma-vol.74.6-2024-1705

Abstract

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the most common extraglandular manifestation in primary Sjogren’s syndrome (pSS), the second most prevalent autoimmune rheumatic disease. This literature review aimed to discuss about ILD in pSS (pSS-ILD), beginning from aspect of epidemiology, classification criteria, monitoring of disease activity, pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches, to management. The 2016 American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) classification criteria for pSS are useful for establishing a diagnosis of pSS. The level of disease activity can be assessed by using the EULAR Sjogren’s Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI). Development of autoimmunity to epithelial cells is the pathogenesis mechanism of pSS not only in exocrine glands but also extraglandular, including the lungs. The main diagnostic modalities recommended in the screening and monitoring of ILD in pSS are pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of thorax. Systemic therapy options for pSS-ILD include glucocorticoids, immunosuppressive agents and biological drugs.
Relationship between protein intake and nutritional status with response therapy of intensive phase in pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Dili and Oecusse Marques Lafo, Merita; Chandra, Dian Novita; Nurwidya, Fariz; Sequeira, Ercia Maria da Conçeição
World Nutrition Journal Vol. 8 No. i2 (2025): Volume 08 Issue 2, February 2025
Publisher : Indonesian Nutrition Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25220/WNJ.V08.i2.0004

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) infection triggers a decrease in appetite and disrupts protein metabolism. Protein provides the main source of amino acids for immune system formation and tissue repair, both of which are impaired in tuberculosis patients. Intensive phase anti-tuberculosis therapy aims to boost immunity, reduce bacterial load, and improve nutritional status. Pulmonary TB is the leading cause of death in Timor Leste (94% mortality rate by 2021), yet few studies have explored the relationship between nutrition and treatment response. This study investigated the relationship between protein intake, nutritional status, and treatment response in pulmonary TB patients undergoing intensive therapy in Dili and Oecusse. Method: Using a cross-sectional study design, 104 participants were recruited using consecutive sampling. Data collection included both primary and secondary data. Analyses were conducted using the independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney, and Fisher's Exact Test. Results: There are 66.3% at risk of malnutrition based on upper arm circumference, a mean body mass index of 17.86 kg/m². The median daily protein intake was 1.07 g/kgBW/day, with lower intake of animal protein compared to plant protein (0.44 g/kgBW/day vs. 0.59 g/kgBW/day). The study found no significant relationship between protein intake and nutritional status in response to the intensive phase therapy (p>0.05). Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between protein intake and nutritional status in response to the intensive phase therapy. Further research with a case-control study design is needed to confirm findings and evaluate factors affecting unbalanced therapy response.
The Correlation between Fiber Intake and Insulin Resistance in Normal and Overweight Employees in Jakarta Santri Dwizamzami Faridahanum; Fariz Nurwidya; Yohannessa Wulandari
STRADA : Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Vol. 10 No. 1 (2021): May
Publisher : Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30994/sjik.v10i1.586

Abstract

This study aims to determine the correlation between fiber intake and insulin resistance in normal and overweight employees in Jakarta. This study is a cross-sectional study of 58 employees of a pharmacy company aged 19-49 years with normal or overweight and normal blood sugar. BMI, waist circumference, physical activity, smoking status and food intake were assessed. The fiber intake was assessed by 3 days estimated food record and the insulin resistance was assessed by HOMA IR obtained from fasting blood sugar and insulin. Data analysis technique used the Spearman Correlation test with the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Result obtained fiber intake and HOMA IR has r= -0.390 and p = 0.002. Based on the result of the study, it can be concluded that there is a negative correlation between fiber intake with insulin resistance in normal and overweight employees in Jakarta.
Immunopathogenesis of Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP) and Its Clinical Implications Malik, Andi Sri Suryani; Agustin, Heidy; Nurwidya, Fariz; Rozaliyani, Anna
Respiratory Science Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): Respiratory Science
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/respirsci.v5i3.172

Abstract

Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a serious lung infection caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii, primarily affecting immunocompromised individuals. It remains a major health concern, especially in HIV/AIDS patients and those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy. This review discusses how the immune system responds to P. jirovecii and why immunocompromised individuals are more vulnerable. In healthy individuals, CD4+ T cells, B cells, and macrophages help control the infection. However, in immunocompromised individuals, a weakened immune response allows fungal overgrowth, leading to severe lung damage. The review also covers symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. TMP-SMX is the preferred treatment, while alternative drugs are available for those who cannot tolerate it. Understanding the immune response to PCP can help improve treatment and patient care.