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Gambaran Korban Meninggal Dunia dengan Cedera Kepala pada Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas di Bagian Forensik RSUP dr M Djamil Padang Tahun 2018-2019 Muhammad Imam Arrasyid; Rika Susanti; Roza Mulyana
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia Vol 2 No 1 (2021): Maret 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Andalas

Background. A traffic accident is an incident on the road which accidentally involves a vehicle with or without other road users which results in human casualties and/or property loss. The most common injury that occurs during traffic accidents is head injury. Head injury due to traffic accidents is a major cause of disability and mortality in developing countries.Objective. To analyze the overview of victim who died with head injury in traffic accidents at the forensic department of DR. M. Djamil Padang 2018-2019.Methods. This type of research is retrospective descriptive. Sampling was carried out by total sampling technique in the forensic department of RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang from March 2020 - September 2020.Results. The results showed that 150 victims who died with head injury in traffic accidents. The conclusion of this study, most of the age is 15-29 years and the incidence was higher in males. The most common injury patterns are abrasions.The head region most affected is the frontalis region. The most time for accidents is at 12.01-18.00 WIB and the most accident days are on Sundays. Most of the accident locations were outside the city of Padang, most types of vehicles were motorbikes, the role of the most victims were motorists and the most types of accidents were being hit by other vehicles.Conclusion. Most of the age is 15-29 years and the incidence was higher in males. The head region most affected is the frontalis region. Most of the accident locations were outside the city of Padang, most types of vehicles were motorbikes, the role of the most victims were motorists and the most types of accidents were being hit by other vehicles

Diagnosis and Management of Refeeding Syndrome Auliangi Tamayo; Roza Mulyana; Rose Dinda Martini
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 6 No. 9 (2022): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v6i9.567

Refeeding syndrome (RFS) is described as a syndrome of electrolyte abnormalities and changes in body fluids with metabolic abnormalities in malnourished patients who receive refeeding either orally, enteral, or parenterally. Patients at risk for RFS are patients who have lost 10% of their previous body weight in the last 3-6 months, cancer patients who are on chemotherapy, geriatric patients with malnutrition, and patients with anorexia. Clinical manifestations are caused by electrolyte changes that affect neurons, heart and muscle disorders with various symptoms, and even death. The specific characteristics of RFS are the presence of hypophosphatemia and accompanied by other symptoms of electrolyte imbalance such as changes in sodium levels, changes in glucose, protein, fat metabolism, vitamin B1 deficiency, hypokalemia, and hypomagnesemia. The principle of management of RFS is to correct biochemical abnormalities and electrolyte and fluid imbalances. Preventive steps that can be taken are identifying individuals at risk for RFS, monitoring refeeding and administering an appropriate diet regimen.

Covid-19 Infection in Elderly with Comorbids Edo Yudistira; Roza Mulyana
Biomedical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 2 (2021): Vol 7, No 2, 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/bji.v7i2.376

The senior population has a higher risk of contracting Covid-19 and is at risk of developing more severe disease. This is due to physiological changes in old age, which causes a decrease in immune function accompanied by an increase in comorbid disorders such as diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, lung disease, and dementia. WHO reports that the mortality rate for Covid-19 patients in the elderly above 80 years in China is around 21.9%, Italy is about 89% at the age above 70 years, and the United States is 85% at the age of 65 years and over. Delirium syndrome often appears as the primary complaint or infrequently; it occurs on the first day the patient is treated and shows fluctuating symptoms. Symptoms of delirium, such as disorientation, difficulty concentrating, and inattention, often occur in the elderly and are associated with a poor prognosis. Management of geriatric patients with covid 19 must be carried out thoroughly and completely, especially in geriatric patients with comorbidities. Management includes primary diseases, namely Covid-19 infection, delirium, nutritional therapy, blood sugar, family education for patient assistance, maintaining the patient's body and environment cleanliness, oral hygiene, and, last but not least, moral support from the family for the patient. With complete management, elderly patients with various comorbid can survive the Covid-19 infection.

Chronic Kidney Disease Related to Cognitive Disorders in the Elderly: A Narrative Literature Review Ajat Sudrajat; Drajad Priyono; Harnavi Harun; Roza Kurniati; Roza Mulyana
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 6 No. 14 (2022): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v6i14.663

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by progressive and irreversible kidney damage, leading to the inability of the kidneys to perform their functions. Chronic kidney disease causes hypertension, anemia, vascular dysfunction, uremia, proteinuria, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress associated with cognitive impairment. Age is a population group aged 60 years or more at risk of experiencing health problems and the consequences associated with CKD. One of the common comorbidities experienced by elderly patients with CKD is cognitive impairment. Current treatment options for CKD with cognitive impairment aimed at common risk factors, including angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), SGLT-2 inhibitors., GLP-1 RA, and DPP-4 inhibitors. Other interventions, such as erythropoietin (EPO) compensation and reduction of inflammation and oxidative stress, can help improve patients' clinical symptoms. This literature review aims to describe the relationship between chronic kidney disease and cognitive disorders that occur in the elderly.

Chronic Kidney Disease Related to Cognitive Disorders in the Elderly: A Narrative Literature Review Ajat Sudrajat; Drajad Priyono; Harnavi Harun; Roza Kurniati; Roza Mulyana
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 6 No. 14 (2022): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v6i14.663

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by progressive and irreversible kidney damage, leading to the inability of the kidneys to perform their functions. Chronic kidney disease causes hypertension, anemia, vascular dysfunction, uremia, proteinuria, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress associated with cognitive impairment. Age is a population group aged 60 years or more at risk of experiencing health problems and the consequences associated with CKD. One of the common comorbidities experienced by elderly patients with CKD is cognitive impairment. Current treatment options for CKD with cognitive impairment aimed at common risk factors, including angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), SGLT-2 inhibitors., GLP-1 RA, and DPP-4 inhibitors. Other interventions, such as erythropoietin (EPO) compensation and reduction of inflammation and oxidative stress, can help improve patients' clinical symptoms. This literature review aims to describe the relationship between chronic kidney disease and cognitive disorders that occur in the elderly.

Hubungan Obesitas dengan Kejadian Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Iqbal Muhammad Helmi; Delmi Sulastri; Roza Mulyana
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia Vol 3 No 3 (2022): September 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jikesi.v3i3.930

Latar Belakang: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease merupakan kondisi patologis akibat refluks kandungan lambung ke esofagus yang terjadi berulang kali. Kondisi obesitas dapat meningkatkan tekanan intra-abdomen dan menurunkan fungsi esofagus serta Lower Esophageal Sphincter sehingga risiko Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease akan meningkat. Objektif: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara obesitas dan kejadian Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang tahun 2018-2019. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik observasional menggunakan pendekatan retrospektif dengan rancangan penelitian case-control study yang telah berlangsung dari bulan November hingga Desember 2021 di Instalasi Rekam Medis RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengambilan simple random sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 38 pasien kelompok kasus dan 38 pasien kelompok kontrol. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan uji Chi-Square dengan cara membandingkan frekuensi penderita obesitas pada kelompok kasus dan kontrol. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini memperoleh 52,6% kelompok kasus mederita obesitas dan 10,5% kelompok kontrol menderita obesitas. Berdasarkan uji Chi-square, terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara obesitas dengan kejadian Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (p=0,001, OR=9,444). Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara obesitas dengan kejadian Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil.

The Role of Corticosteroids in the Management of Drug Allergy: A Narrative Literature Review Rivani Sintia Suratman; Rudy Afriant; Roza Mulyana; Saptino Miro; Deka Viotra
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v7i2.773

Drug allergy is an adverse drug reaction that occurs through an immune reaction that occurs through IgE or a rapid hypersensitivity reaction with various mechanisms and clinical presentations. One of the therapeutic modalities for drug allergies is corticosteroids. In allergic processes, corticosteroids can suppress the production and effects of humoral factors involved in the inflammatory response, inhibit the migration of leukocytes to sites of inflammation, and interfere with the function of endothelial cells, granulocytes, mast cells, and fibroblasts. This literature review aimed to describe the role of corticosteroids in the management of drug allergies. Corticosteroids are used very widely in the treatment of various allergic diseases because of their strong anti-inflammatory properties. Corticosteroids inhibit the synthesis of a number of cytokines, such as the interleukins IL-1 to IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). In conclusion, corticosteroids are one of the therapeutic modalities in various manifestations of drug allergies. Every drug allergy gets the anti-inflammatory effects of corticosteroids with different choices, routes, and doses for each manifestation.

The Role of Corticosteroids in the Management of Drug Allergy: A Narrative Literature Review Rivani Sintia Suratman; Rudy Afriant; Roza Mulyana; Saptino Miro; Deka Viotra
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v7i2.773

Drug allergy is an adverse drug reaction that occurs through an immune reaction that occurs through IgE or a rapid hypersensitivity reaction with various mechanisms and clinical presentations. One of the therapeutic modalities for drug allergies is corticosteroids. In allergic processes, corticosteroids can suppress the production and effects of humoral factors involved in the inflammatory response, inhibit the migration of leukocytes to sites of inflammation, and interfere with the function of endothelial cells, granulocytes, mast cells, and fibroblasts. This literature review aimed to describe the role of corticosteroids in the management of drug allergies. Corticosteroids are used very widely in the treatment of various allergic diseases because of their strong anti-inflammatory properties. Corticosteroids inhibit the synthesis of a number of cytokines, such as the interleukins IL-1 to IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). In conclusion, corticosteroids are one of the therapeutic modalities in various manifestations of drug allergies. Every drug allergy gets the anti-inflammatory effects of corticosteroids with different choices, routes, and doses for each manifestation.

Hubungan Rasio Neutrofil-Limfosit dengan Derajat Keparahan COVID-19 pada Pasien Diabetes Zahara Findi; Beni Indra; Netti Suharti; Muhammad Zulfadli Syahrul; Roza Mulyana; Elfira Yusri
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia Vol 4 No 2 (2023): Juni 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jikesi.v4i2.1072

Latar Belakang: Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2). Peningkatan kasus COVID-19 di Indonesia cukup cepat dan menyebar ke berbagai wilayah di Indonesia. Diabetes Melitus merupakan salah satu komorbiditas yang berkaitan dengan infeksi berat COVID-19, gagal napas akut, dan peningkatan mortalitas pasien COVID-19. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penanda klinis yang ekonomis, cepat, dan bersifat sensitif dan spesifik. Peningkatan rasio neutrofil-limfosit merupakan biomarker peradangan yang mudah dianalisis untuk memprediksi risiko COVID-19 dan menilai keparahan COVID-19. Objektif: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan antara rasio neutrofil-limfosit dengan derajat keparahan COVID-19 pada pasien diabetes. Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah kohort retrospektif dengan teknik convenience sampling. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 84 pasien diabetes yang terkonfirmasi COVID-19 pada bulan April 2020 hingga Agustus 2021 di RS Universitas Andalas. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-square dan Independent group t-test. Hasil: Hasil penelitian didapatkan derajat keparahan COVID-19 paling banyak pada derajat berat (32,1%). Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara rasio neutrofil-limfosit dengan derajat keparahan COVID-19 (p = 0,00). Gula darah sewaktu pada kasus severe (291.82 mg/dL) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kasus non severe (272.33 mg/dL), tetapi secara statistik tidak signifikan (p = 0,389). Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara rasio neutrofil-limfosit dengan derajat keparahan COVID-19 pada pasien diabetes. Peningkatan rasio neutrofil-limfosit ini dapat digunakan sebagai penanda awal yang mempengaruhi derajat keparahan COVID-19 pada pasien diabetes.

Perbedaan Kadar Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 dan Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Serum pada Berbagai Derajat Sarkopenia Pasien Lanjut Usia: Studi Potong Lintang Tamayo, Auliangi; Mulyana, Roza; Martini, Rose Dinda
Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia Vol. 10, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Introduction. Sarcopenia is a phenomenon of progressive decline in muscle function that occurs due to the aging process. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) have an important role in the occurrence of sarcopenia as a positive and negative regulator of muscle mass. Research shows differences in IGF-1 and TNF-α levels between sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia groups, but research on differences in severity of sarcopenia remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in levels of IGF-1 and TNF-α in various degrees of sarcopenia in elderly patients. Methods. This was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional approach involving 45 subjects of elderly patients who came to the internal outpatient clinic of RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang and met the criteria for inclusion and exclusion. Subjects were grouped into possible sarcopenia, sarcopenia, and severe sarcopenia. Then, serum IGF-1 and TNF-α examinations were performed using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Data was analyzed using SPSS 26.0. Results. Median of serum IGF-1 levels in the total sample were 41.36 ng/mL. The highest levels of IGF-1 were found in the possible sarcopenia group (55.28 ng/mL), while the lowest level was in the severe sarcopenia group (31 ng/mL). Median of serum TNF-α levels in the total sample were 157.63 ng/L with the lowest was found in the possible sarcopenia group (111.41 ng/L) and the highest was in the severe sarcopenia group (241.1 ng/L). There was a significant difference in serum levels of IGF-1 and TNF-α in the three sarcopenia groups (p= 0.001). IGF-1 levels decreased according to the severity of sarcopenia, while TNF-α levels increased according to the severity of sarcopenia. Conclusions. There are differences in serum levels of IGF-1 and TNF-α between possible sarcopenia, sarcopenia, and severe elderly sarcopenia.

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