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Journal : Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science

Integrating The Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Confirmed with In Vitro Toxicity to Reveal Potential Mechanism of Non–Polar Fraction of Cyperus rotundus Linn as Anti-Cancer Candidate Susianti Susianti; Syaiful Bahri; Sutopo Hadi; Arif Setiawansyah; Lanang Rachmadi; Ibnu Fadilah; Maya Ganda Ratna
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.228

Abstract

Cyperus rotundus Linn is a plant that is historically used in traditional medicine with anti-cancer potential. Despite the evidence of C. rotundus anti-cancer effect on various human carcinoma cell lines, its pharmacological mechanism remains unclear, particularly its non-polar fraction. This study was employed to provide mechanistic insight regarding the anti-cancer properties of C. rotundus non-polar fraction by integrating in silico and in vitro approach. The network pharmacology study was used to observe the molecular targets of n-hexane fraction of C. rotundus, confirmed by molecular docking simulation using Autodock 4.2. The in vitro toxicity using BSLT method was used to strengthen the in silico result. The network pharmacology investigation revealed several core targets including PI3K, MAPK1, mTOR, RAF1, and NF-κB in the potential anti-cancer mechanism of C. rotundus. The molecular docking study illustrated that compound 3 (Isopetasol) and compound 9 (alpha-cyperone) as the most promising compound in n-hexane fraction of C. rotundus, with free binding energies consistently less than -7 kcal/mol in all targets. The in vitro BSLT signified the in silico results, highlighting the highest toxicity of fraction 3 exhibited among others. Integrating the network pharmacology and molecular docking simulation along with in vitro toxicity have provided evidence of the anti-cancer potential of n-hexane fraction of C. rotundus. Specific compounds and the molecular targets responsible for its anti-cancer properties have been identified, warranting further investigations.
Uncovering The Pharmacological Mechanism of Ficus elastica as Anti-hyperlipidemia Candidate: LC-HRMS, Network Pharmacology, In vitro and In vivo Studies Gita Susanti; Yufri Aldi; Dian Handayani; Friardi Ismed; Arif Setiawansyah
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.249

Abstract

Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. While conventional treatments exist, there is a growing interest in natural remedies with fewer side effects. Ficus elastica has promising medicinal properties, yet its potential as an anti-hyperlipidemic agent remains unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the anti-hyperlipidemic effects of F. elastica using an integrated approach of LC-HRMS-based chemical bioinformatics and in vitro/in vivo experimental validation. The anti-hyperlipidemic potential of F. elastica and its mechanism of action were screened using integrative computational network pharmacology followed by in vitro HMG-CoA reductase inhibition and in vivo lipid-lowering activity in a hyperlipidemia rat model. Network pharmacology analysis identified STAT3, HSP90AA1, and TLR4 as potential core targets involved in lipid and atherosclerosis-related KEGG pathways. Molecular docking simulations revealed high-affinity interactions between F. elastica compounds and the identified targets, notably compound 41 and compound 61. In vitro assay demonstrated that ethanolic extract of F. elastica inhibited HMG-CoA reductase with an IC50 of 297.73 µg/mL. In vivo experiment using a hyperlipidemic rat model showed significant reductions in total cholesterol, triglycerides, and increased HDL levels. The reduction of triglycerides and elevation of HDL level after F. elastica ethanolic extract supplementation is similar to the effect from supplementation of simvastatin. These findings suggest that F. elastica ethanolic extract possesses notable anti-hyperlipidemic properties, likely mediated through multiple molecular targets and pathways. The study highlights the potential of F. elastica ethanolic extract as a promising candidate for anti-hyperlipidemic therapy and underscores the efficacy of integrating computational and experimental approaches in natural product research.
Furosemide Increases GABAA Receptor Activity via Antagonism to Sodium-Potassium-Chloride Cotransporter 1 In Silico and In Vivo Siregar, Marsintauli Hasudungan; Nurdiana, Nurdiana; Bal’afif, Farhad; Djajalaksana, Susanthy; Setiawansyah, Arif
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Articles in Press
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.365

Abstract

GABAA receptor dysfunction and altered chloride homeostasis significantly contribute to seizure pathophysiology, with the sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) playing a crucial role in regulating neuronal excitability. This study investigated furosemide's capacity to enhance GABAA receptor activity through NKCC1 antagonism and evaluated its therapeutic profile in combination with diazepam for seizure management. Comprehensive molecular docking analyses were conducted to assess binding affinities of furosemide and diazepam to NKCC1, followed by in vivo experiments using pentylenetetrazol-induced seizure models to evaluate GABAA receptor expression, seizure duration, and multiple pathophysiological biomarkers. Molecular analysis revealed that furosemide demonstrated measurable NKCC1 binding capacity (binding energy: -7.09 kcal/mol; Ki: 6.34 µM), though significantly lower affinity compared to diazepam (binding energy: -7.83 kcal/mol; Ki: 1.81 µM). The furosemide-diazepam combination exhibited complex competitive binding interactions, with furosemide substantially reducing diazepam's NKCC1 binding affinity. NKCC1 antagonism by furosemide effectively enhanced GABAA receptor expression by 29.8 ± 1.60% when used alone and 37.60 ± 2.0% in combination with diazepam. However, combination therapies resulted in significantly longer seizure durations (80 ± 3.0 s) compared to diazepam monotherapy (42.5 ± 2.10 s), suggesting antagonistic interactions on acute seizure suppression that may reflect altered chloride gradients or competitive pharmacokinetic effects. Despite reduced efficacy in seizure termination, combination therapy demonstrated selective advantages in other pathophysiological domains, including superior blood-brain barrier protection (reduced albumin level to 90.90 ± 2.70 µg/mL) and reduced excitotoxic damage. These findings indicate that furosemide-diazepam combination therapy presents a complex therapeutic profile characterized by trade-offs between acute seizure control and neuroprotective mechanisms. The data suggest potential utility in maintenance therapy or prevention of seizure-related complications rather than acute seizure termination, warranting further investigation into temporal optimization strategies and dose modifications.
Co-Authors Agnesia, Agnesia Aliefman Hakim Alrayan, Reza Amanda, Putri Fadillah Amelia, Nanda Arsul, Muhammad Ikhlas Baiq Maylinda Gemantari Bal’afif, Farhad Bambang Hernawan Nugroho, Bambang Hernawan Daryono Hadi Tjahjono Dewantara, Jeisen Pajar Dewi Luthfiana Diah Ayu. S Dian Handayani Djajalaksana, Susanthy Doloking, Haeria Dwi Handayani Dyke Gita Wirasisya Enggy Erwansani Erwansani, Enggy Evifani, Dinda Silvia Fendi Fendi Fong, Siau Friardi Ismed Gita Susanti Gita Susanti, Gita Hadi, Ismanurrahman Hakim, Aditia Rahman Hengki Adi. P Herlina, Santi Ibnu Fadilah Ikhlas Arsul, Muhammad Indah Indah Jaya, Farrel Septian Khairunnisa Khairunnisa Khairunnisa Lanang Rachmadi Luthfiana, Dewi maha rani Maharani Maharani, Maharani Maharani, Andi Rani Gustia MAURITZ PANDAPOTAN MARPAUNG Maya Ganda Ratna Meliasi Nora Pratamarta Muh Ikhlas Arsul Muhammad Andre Reynaldi Mutiara, Berkah Nanda Puspita. S Nugraheni Febrianti S Nur Adliani Nurcahya, Salsabila Nurdiana Nurdiana Nurul Hasanah Nurul Hidayati Nweze, Leonard Chinecherem Nyimas Rahma. K Perdana Priya Haresmita Putra, Teguh Adiyas Putri Adelia. M Putri, Stella Anatasya Putri Reza Alrayan Rico Saputra RINA SE SITINDAON Rindi Permata.S Sadaqa, Ebrahim Salsabila, Salwa Salsabilla Nur. C Saputri, Aurya Sephia Panorama Setiawati, Diah Ayu Siregar, Marsintauli Hasudungan Siti Aminah Stevia, Tessa Sukrasno Susianti Susianti Sutopo Hadi Syaiful Bahri Valentina, Febriani Wilsya, Mayaranti Wismayani, Leni Yovi Pranata Yufri Aldi Yulius Evan Christian