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All Journal International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tekno : Jurnal Teknologi Elektro dan Kejuruan JURNAL ECONOMIA CommIT (Communication & Information Technology) Jurnal Informatika dan Teknik Elektro Terapan Jurnal Informatika Upgris Journal of Information Technology and Computer Science JIPI (Jurnal Ilmiah Penelitian dan Pembelajaran Informatika) Journal of Information System, Applied, Management, Accounting and Research Jurnal Mantik bit-Tech ILKOMNIKA: Journal of Computer Science and Applied Informatics CICES (Cyberpreneurship Innovative and Creative Exact and Social Science) Jifosi Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Informasi dan Robotika International Journal of Data Science, Engineering, and Analytics (IJDASEA) ALINIER: Journal of Artificial Intelligence & Applications Abdimas Altruis: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat JUSIFOR : Jurnal Sistem Informasi dan Informatika JEECS (Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences) Inspiration: Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi STATISTIKA Journal of Technology and System Information Informasi interaktif : jurnal informatika dan teknologi informasi Seminar Nasional Riset dan Teknologi (SEMNAS RISTEK) Prosiding Seminar Nasional Ilmu Sosial dan Teknologi (SNISTEK)
Andreas Nugroho Sihananto
Department Of Informatics, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur, Surabaya 60294, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences Other

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Journal : CommIT (Communication

 1 
An Adaptive DTN Routing Protocol Using a Q-Learning Framework for Archipelagic Emergency Networks Agussalim Agussalim; Henni Endah Wahanani; Andreas Nugroho Sihananto
CommIT (Communication and Information Technology) Journal Vol. 20 No. 1 (2026): CommIT Journal (in press)
Publisher : Bina Nusantara University

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Abstract

Natural disasters in archipelagic regions often disrupt communication networks, particularly in geographically isolated islands where terrestrial infrastructure is limited and highly vulnerable. Hence, adaptive, infrastructure-independent solutions are required to maintain connectivity during emergencies. The research proposes an adaptive routing protocol for Delay Tolerant Network (DTN), named Q-learning-based Forwarding Routing (QFR), designed to enhance data delivery performance in disaster scenarios characterized by intermittent connectivity and constrained resources. QFR employs a lightweight, tabular Q-learning framework to make intelligent forwarding decisions based on real-time state information, including buffer occupancy, encounter history, and local node density. The protocol further integrates adaptive replica control and prioritybased scheduling mechanisms to regulate congestion and optimize bandwidth and buffer utilization. Performance evaluation is conducted using the ONE Simulator with realistic maritime mobility traces derived from vessel movement patterns around Madura Island, Indonesia, representing inter-island emergency communication conditions. The results indicate that QFR consistently outperforms benchmark protocols such as Epidemic and PRoPHETv2, particularly in maintaining a high delivery ratio under heavy traffic loads while keeping routing overhead moderate and latency stable. Time-series analysis further demonstrates QFR’s ability to improve its performance over time as the agent learns. The key finding is that a lightweight, adaptive algorithm based on a tabular Q-learning framework provides a practical and effective solution for reliable communication in resource-constrained emergency networks, avoiding the computational complexity of deep reinforcement learning approaches.
Co-Authors Abdul Rezha Efrat Najaf Abdurrahman, Nizar Achmad Junaidi Aditya Primayudha Aditya Rizqi Ardhana Afifudin, Muhammad Afriani, Regita Agung Mustika Rizki, Agung Mustika Agussalim Agussalim Agussalim Agussalim Agussalim, Agussalim Alif Wisam Desanta Fitrianto Alifah, Nurul Aini Amalia, Nadhia Rizqy Amri Muhaimin Anggraini PS Anggraini Puspita Sari Ani Dijah, Rahajoe Ar Romandhon, Mitzaqon Gholizhan Ardiansyah, Muhammad Dafa Arif Widiasan Subagio Basuki Rahmat Masdi Siduppa Bisma Putra Sulung Christianty, Theressa Marry Dwi Arman Prasetya Edi Sugiyanto Edi Sugiyanto Eristya Maya Safitri Fakhruddin, Fikri Farkhan Fauzi, Zaky Ahmad Fetty Tri Anggraeny Gusti Ahmad Fanshuri Alfarisy, Gusti Ahmad Fanshuri Henni Endah Wahanani Izzatul Fithriyah Kartini Kartini Kartini Laudy Nurdibya Nandaru Lesmana, Benedictus Rafael M Shochibul Burhan, M Shochibul M. Arif Mardhavi M. Shochibul Burhan Made Hanindia Prami Swari Mardhavi, Arif Marselina, Anif Fitria Dewi Maulana Fauzan Maulana, Hendra Maulana, Yoga Mohammad, Farrel Adel Mordekhai Gerin Lumangkun Muhammad Afifudin Muhammad Dafa Ardiansyah Muhammad Muharrom Al Haromainy Naila, Amelia Maslaqun Nurhaliza, Risma Nurlaili, Afina Lina Octaviani, Vincentia Indri Pangestu, Arif Fajar Parlika, Rizky Pradana, Ilham Akbar Prami, Made Hanindia Putra, Chrystia Aji Putra, Gredy Christian Hendrawan Putra, Raditya Lungguk Satya Ramadhan, Dimas Dharu Rantau Himawan Rasjid, Azka Avicenna Ratna Yulistiani Retno Mumpuni Reza, Reno Alfa Safitri, Erista Maya Santosa, Mochammad Kevin Saputra, Dewa Raka Krisna Saputri, Asih Sebrina, Aida Fitriya Shahab, Muhammad Syaugi Suryandari, Sabrina Heryanti Taufiqurrahman, Rahmadany Fahreza Tirana Noor Fatyanosa, Tirana Noor Trianingsih, Arini Trimono, Trimono Wayan Firdaus Mahmudy Wiwik Handayani Yisti Vita Via Yudistira, Mochammad Ervinda Yulianto, Rusman