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All Journal Medical Journal of Indonesia JSFK (Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis) The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Digestive Endoscopy Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia
Adityo Susilo, Adityo
Divisi Tropik Infeksi, Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Campak dan Vaksinasi Campak pada Orang Dewasa Sinto, Robert; Koesnoe, Sukamto; Nelwan, Erni Juwita; Widhani, Alvina; Shakinah, Sharifah; Pasaribu, Adeline; Duindrahajeng, Bernadine Gracia; Suwarto, Suhendro; Nainggolan, Leonard; Chen, Lie Khie; Susilo, Adityo; Maria, Suzy; Hasibuan, Anshari Saifuddin; Wicaksana, Bramantya
Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Measles is a highly contagious viral infection that remains a significant global health problem despite the availability of an effective vaccine. Measles re-emergence is driven by gaps in immunization coverage, waning post-vaccination immunity, and increased population mobility. In adults, measles infection is associated with greater disease severity compared to children. This literature review was conducted by reviewing recent scientific publications addressing the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management, complications, and prevention of measles, with a focus on the adult population.  Measles is caused by an RNA virus of the Paramyxoviridae family and is transmitted through respiratory droplets and aerosols. Typical clinical features include fever, cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, and a maculopapular rash with a centrifugal and cephalocaudal distribution. Diagnosis is based on clinical findings and confirmed by laboratory tests such as RT-PCR and measles-specific IgM serology. Measles infection causes significant immunosuppression, including immune amnesia, which increases susceptibility to secondary infections. Management is primarily supportive and vitamin A supplementation has been shown to reduce mortality in certain populations. In adults, complications tend to be more severe, particularly pneumonia as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, as well as neurological complications such as encephalitis and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE). Measles vaccination with the MMR vaccine remains the main prevention strategy. However, its implementation faces challenges, including gaps in immunization coverage, vaccine hesitancy, and limited adult immunization record system. Measles in adults remains a significant health concern with a high risk of severe complication. Strengthening immunization program, improving public education, and developing integrated surveillance system are essential to reduce disease incidence and burden.
Co-Authors Achmad Fauzi Afistianto, Muhammad Fikri Alvina Widhani, Alvina Annisa, Firda Bonar, Maruhum Bonar H Bramantya Wicaksana C Rinaldi A Lesmana C. Martin Rumende, C. Martin Ceva W. Pitoyo Chyntia Olivia Maurine Jasirwan, Chyntia Olivia Maurine Cleopas Martin Rumende Cleopas Martin Rumende Cynthia Olivia Maurine Jasirwan Dewi Gathmyr Dinda Bestari Sutantoputri Dono Antono Duindrahajeng, Bernadine Gracia E. Mudjaddid A. Siswanto Deddy N.W.Achadiono Hamzah Shatri Edwin Wijaya Edwin Wijaya, Edwin Edy Rizal Wahyudi Erni J Nelwan, Erni J Erni Juwita Nelwan, Erni Juwita Esa, Dekta Filantropi Evy Yunihastuti Fachriza, Ihza Fauzar, Fauzar Firda Annisa Gabriella, Stacy Ginova Nainggolan Gurmeet Singh Hasan Maulahela Hasibuan, Anshari Saifuddin Herikurniawan Herikurniawan Herikurniawan, Herikurniawan Ihza Fachriza Ika Prasetya Wijaya Ikhwan Rinaldi Iris Rengganis Iris Rengganis Jasirwan, Chyntia OM Kaka Renaldi Khie Chen Kuntjoro Harimurti Kusuma, Ni Nyoman Indirawati Kusumaningrum, Profitasari Leonard Nainggolan Maksum, Maradewi Maradewi Maksum Marcellus Simadibrata Mira Yulianti Mira Yulianti, Mira Muradi, Akhmadu Murdani Abdullah Myranda Zahrah Putri Nadhila Hasna Hanifah Nadia Farhanah Syafhan Nathanael, Jason Pasaribu, Adeline Pratiwi, Amalia Nur Putri, Myranda Zahrah Rino Alvani Gani Robert Sinto Robert Sinto Rudi Putranto Rumende, Cleopas Martin Martin Shakinah, Sharifah Siti Setiati Sri Wulandah Fitriani Stacy Gabriella Suhendro Suwarto Suhendro Suwarto, Suhendro Sukamto Koesnoe Suzy Maria Syahidatul Wafa Syahidatul Wafa, Syahidatul Tagor, Alvin Telly Kamelia Wicaksana, Bramantya Widayat Djoko Santoso Widayat Djoko Santoso, Widayat Djoko Wismandari Wisnu Wulani, Vally Wulyo Rajabto Zulkifli Amin